अंडमान द्वीपसमूह
aandaman dvipasamooh
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| vivaran | 'aandaman dvipasamooh' bangal ki kha di mean sthit bharat ke aandaman v nikobar dvipasamooh ka uttari bhag hai. |
| adhikar kshetr | bharat sarakar |
| kshetraphal | 2,508 vargamil |
| lanbaee | 219 mil |
| chau daee | 32 mil |
| rajadhani | port bleyar |
| sanbandhit lekh | aandaman evan nikobar dvipasamooh |
| any janakari | aandaman ka mukhy bhoobhag paanch pradhan dvipoan se bana hai, jo ek-doosare ke sannikat sthit haian. in dvip samoohoan ko 'brihath aandaman' kahate haian. brihath aandaman ke dakshin mean laghu aandaman aur poorv mean richi dvipapuanj sthit hai. |
aandaman dvipasamooh bangal ki kha di ke bich uttar dakshin (10° 13' uttari akshaansh se 13° 20' uttari akshaansh tak) phaila hua, kuchh dvipoan ka puanj hai, jo bharat sarakar ke aantargat hai. bharat sarakar inaka shasan keandr dvara karati hai. aandaman mean chhote b de milakar kul 204 dvip haian. hugali nadi ke muhane se lagabhag 590 mil aur barma ke negrais aantarip se yah 120 mil ki doori par hai. is dvipapuanj ki poori lanbaee 219 mil hai, tatha adhikatam chau daee 32 mil aur kul bhoobhag ka kshetraphal 2,508 vargamil hai. nikobar dvipapuanj aandaman ke dakshin mean 75 mil ki doori par sthit hai. isake dvipoan ki sankhya 19 aur kul bhoomi ka kshetraphal 735 varg mil hai.
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bhoo-bhag
aandaman ka mukhy bhoobhag paanch pradhan dvipoan se bana hai, jo ek-doosare ke sannikat sthit haian. in dvip samoohoan ko 'brihath aandaman' kahate haian. brihath aandaman ke dakshin mean laghu aandaman aur poorv mean richi dvipapuanj sthit hai. dakshin ke dvipoan mean mainars stret hai, jo aandaman ke samudri vyavasay ka mukhy marg hai. isake poorv bhag mean port bleyar namak nagar sthit hai, jo aandaman ki rajadhani aur pradhan bandaragah hai. aandaman ka samudr tat bahut hi kata hua hai, jisake karan bhoobhag ke bhitar kee mil tak jvarabhata ata hai. isalie yahaan kee prakritik bandaragah haian. inamean se port bleyar, port karnavalis aur stivart prasiddh haian. kaha jata hai ki in dvipoan ki mala barma ki arakan yoma namak parvat shreniyoan ka hi vistar hai, jo iyosin yug mean bani thi. inamean chhote-chhote sarpeantain tatha choona patthar ke bhag dikhaee dete haian. sanbhavat ye maiosin yug ki den haian. in dvip malaoan ke poorvi bhag mean sthit martaban ki kha di ke bhitar chhote-chhote agney dvip bhi dikhaee dete haian. inhean narakonadam aur bairan dvipapuanj kahate haian. aandaman ke sabhi samudr tatoan par mooange (praval) ki prachir mala dikhaee deti hai.
paha di v samatal kshetr
brihath aandaman ka bhoobhag kuchh paha diyoan se bana hai, jo atyant sankirn upatyakaoan ka nirman karati haian. ye paha diyaan, visheshakar poorvi bhag mean, kafi oopar tak uthi huee haian aur poorvi dhal pashchimi dhal ki apeksha adhik kh di hai. aandaman ki paha diyoan ka sarvochch shikhar uttari aandaman mean hai jo 2,400 phut ooancha hai. ise saidal pik kahate haian. chhota aandaman pray samatal hai. in dvipoan mean kahian bhi nadiyaan nahian haian, keval chhote mausami nale dikhaee dete haian. aandaman ka prakritik drishy bahut hi ramanik hai.
varsha ki sthiti
aandaman ki jalavayu bharatavarsh ki dakshin pashchimi manasooni jalavayu aur poorvi dvipasamooh ki vishvatarekhiy jalavayu ke bich ki hai. yahaan ka tap sal bhar lagabhag barabar rahata hai, jisaka ausat man 85 digri pharenahait hai. paryapt varsha hoti hai, jisaki ausat matra 100 ke oopar hai. joon se sitanbar tak varsha adhik hoti hai aur shesh mahine shushk hote haian. bangal ki kha di tatha hiand mahasagar ki rritu ka poorvanuman karane ke lie aandaman ki sthiti bahut hi labhadayak hai. is karan port bleyar mean 1868 mean ek b da rritu keandr khola gaya tha. yah keandr aj bhi in samudroan mean chalane vale jahajoan ko toophanoan ki disha tatha tivrata ka thik sanvad deta rahata hai.
vanaspati v ayat samagri
aandaman ke kuchh ghane abad sthanoan ko chho dakar shesh bhag adhikatar ushnapradeshiy jangaloan se dhaka hai. bharat sarakar ke nirantar prayatn se jangaloan ko saph karake abadi ke yogy kafi sthan bana liya gaya hai, jisamean 1937 ee. tak lagabhag char hajar visthapitoan ko basaya gaya hai. ye visthapit adhikatar poorvi pakistan (jo ab svatantr evan prabhuta sanpann baangladesh hai) se ae haian. aandaman ki pradhan upaj yahaan ki jangali lak diyaan haian, jinamean aandaman ki lal lak diyaan prasiddh haian. inake atirikt nariyal tatha rabar ke pe d bhi achchhi tarah ugate haian. ajakal yahaan mainila heanp tatha sisal heanp namak sootroantpadak paudhoan ko ugane ki cheshta ki ja rahi hai. ayat samagri mean chay, kahava, koko, san, sal adi pramukh haian. yahaan suandar pe doan vale daladal adhik haian. ye pe d eedhann ke kam mean ate haian. aandaman mean jantu apekshakrit kam haian. dugdhapayi jantuoan ki jatiyaan bhi bahut kam haian. b de jantuoan mean sooar aur banabilar mukhy haian.
prachin nivasi tatha unaka svabhav
aandaman ke prachin nivasi asabhy the, jisake phalasvaroop yahaan ki sabhyata bahut hi pichh di huee hai. sanh 851 ke arabi lekhoan mean in logoan ko narabhakshak bataya gaya hai, jo jahajoan ko dhvans kiya karate the. parantu yah poornaroopen saty nahian hai. yahaan ke adivasi hansamukh, utsahi tatha kri dapriy prakriti ke haian. parantu kruddh ho jane par bhayankar roop dharan kar lete haian aur sab prakar ke kukrity karane par utaroo ho jate haian. isalie in par vishvas karana bahut hi kathin hai. vaijnanikoan ka mat hai ki ye sanbhavat vaman (pigami) jati ke vanshaj haian, jo kabhi eshiya ke dakshini poorvi bhagoan tatha usake bahari tapuoan mean basi thi. yadyapi aandaman ke adivasi sab ek hi vansh ke haian, tathapi inamean kee jatiyaan tatha upajatiyaan paee jati haian, jinaki bhashaean, rahan-sahan, nivas sthan tath adatean bhinn-bhinn haian. bhoot-pret adi par inaka vishvas hai aur inaki dharana hai ki manushy marane ke pashchath bhoot ho jate haian. inaka pradhan astr tir dhanush hai. ye apana sthan chho dakar kahian nahian jate. nakshatradi se disha nirnay karane ka jnan sanbhavat inamean nahian hai. inake bal chamakadar, kale tatha ghuangharale hote haian. purushoan ka sharir suandar, sugathit tatha balishth hota hai, parantu nariyaan utani suandar nahian hotian. vivahadi bhi inamean nirdharit niyamoan ke anusar sanpann hote haian.
britishakalin qaid sthan
aandaman aangrezoan ke samay mean bharatiy kaidiyoan ke ajivan ya dirghakalin karavas ka sthan tha. bharatiy dand vidhan ke anusar in kaidiyoan ke desh nishkasan ki ajna rahati thi. sanh 1857 mean bharat ke svatantrata sangram ke pratham prayas ke bad se aandaman bheje jane vale kaidiyoan ki sankhya uttarottar badhati gee. sanh 1872 mean vaisaray lard meyo ka, jab ve aandaman dekhane ge hue the, nidhan hua. is ghatana se aangrezoan ke hriday mean ek gahari chhap p d gee. aangrezoan ke samay mean yahaan kaidiyoan ke basane ki paryapt vyavastha ki gee thi. yahaan ki raksha ke hetu senaean bhi rakhi jati thian. bharat ke svatantr hone ke poorv yahaan ki samast vyavastha aangrez aphasaroan dvara hoti thi. jin kaidiyoan ka jivan uchit dhang ka pratit hota tha unhean 20-25 varsh bad chho d bhi diya jata tha. 1921 se ajivan karavas ka dand utha diya gaya hai. tab se yahaan ke kaidiyoan ki sankhya ghatati gee. dvitiy mahayuddh mean yah japan dvara adhikrit ho gaya tha (1942) aur yuddh samapt hone tak usi ke adhikar mean raha.
janasankhya
1971 ee. mean aandaman nikobar dvipasamooh ki anumati janasankhya 1,15,090 thi. sare dvipoan mean sabase ghani abadi port bleyar mean hai. isaka karan yah hai ki purane samay se hi port bleyar ko keandr manakar aandaman ki nee abadi basani shuroo huee thi. bharat ke sath aandaman ka sanbandh yahaan ki saptahik dak tatha betar dvara bhali-bhaanti sthapit hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ aandaman dvipasamooh (hiandi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 17 faravari, 2014.
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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