अधिकार अधिनियम (अधिकारपत्र)
adhikar adhiniyam, adhikarapatr aangreji sanvidhan ke vikas mean maigna karta ke bad sabase adhik mahatv ki manjil hai. yah adhiniyam british parliyameant (sansad) dvara 16 disanbar, 1689 ko parit hua aur viliyam tatha meri ne tatkal ise apani rajakiy svikriti dekar sanvidhan ka adhiniyam bana diya. is adhiniyam ka poora shirshak mool mean is prakar diya hua hai praja ke adhikaroan aur svatantrata ki ghoshana tatha sianhasan ka uttaradhikar vyavasthit karane vala adhiniyam. british lokasabha dvara niyukt ek samiti ne adhikar ki ghoshana namak jo patrak prastut kiya tha aur jise rajadanpati ne 19 pharavari, 1689 ko apani svikriti di thi vahi ghoshana is adhiniyam ki poorvavarti thi aur isaki dharaean pray poornat usake anuroop thian. adhikar ki ghoshana mean un shartoan ka bhi pariganan tha jinake anusar rajadanpati ko uttaradhikar mila tha aur jinaka palan karane ki unhoanne shapath li thi. in donoan adhiniyamoan ka pradhan mahatv aangreji sanvidhan mean rajakiy uttaradhikar nishchit karane mean hai.[1]
adhikar adhiniyam vastut un adhikaroan ka pariganana karata hai jinaki abhiprapti ke lie aangrej janata maigna karta (1215 ee.) ki ghoshana ke pahale se hi sangharsh karati aee thi. is adhiniyam ki dharaean is prakar haian:
parliyameant (sansad) ki anumati ke bina vidhi niyamoan ka kanoon ka nilanban athava anupayog avaidh hoga.
parliyameant ki anumati ke bina ayog nyayalayoan ka nirman, paranparadhikar athava raja ki avashyakata ke nam par kar lagana aur shaantikal mean sthayi sena ki bharati ke kary avaidh hoange.
praja ko raja ke yahaan avedan karane aur, yadi protesteant huee to svaraksha ke lie, use hathiyar baandhane ka adhikar hoga.
parliyameant ke sadasyoan ka nirvachan nirvadh hoga tatha sansad mean unhean bhashan ki svatantrata hogi aur us bhashan ke sanbandh mean parliyameant ke bahar koee prashn nahian uthaya ja sakega, n vakta par kisi prakar ka mukadama chalaya ja sakega.
is adhiniyam ne jamanat aur juramane ke bojh ko kam kiya aur is sanbandh ki atyadhik rakam ko anuchit thaharaya. sath hi, isane kroor dandoan ki nianda ki aur ghoshit kiya ki prastut soochi mean darj nam vale joorar hi joori ke sadasy ho sakeange aur deshadroh ke nirnay mean bhag lene vale sadasyoan ke lie to bhoomi ka kapirait (svamitv) hona bhi anivary hoga.
is adhiniyam ne aparadh siddh hone ke poorv juramane ki riti ko avaidh karar diya aur kanoon ki raksha tatha rajanitik kashtoan ke nivaran ke lie parliyameant ke tvarit adhiveshan ki vyavastha ki.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 100,101 |
- ↑ san.gran.-dablyoo. stabs : di kaanstityooshanal histri aauv ianglaiand, 1929; ji.en. klark : di letar stuarths, 1660-1714, 1934; di.el. kir : kaanstityooshanal histri aauv madarn briten, 1485-1937, 1950.
sanbandhit lekh