अनुकंपी तंत्रिकातंत्र

anukanpi tantrikatantr manushy ke vividh aangoan aur mastishk ke bich sanbandh sthapit karane ke lie dhage se bhi patale anek snayutantu (narv phaibar) hote haian. snayutantuoan ki lachchhiyaan alag alag bandhi rahati haian. inamean se pratyek ko tantrika (narv) kahate haian. pratyek mean kee ek tantu rahate haian. tantrikaoan ke samuday ko tantrikatantr (narvas sistam) kahate haian. ye tantr tin prakar ke hote haian:
(1) svayattaniyantri (aautonomik),
(2) sanvedi (seansari) aur
(3) chalak (motar) tantr.
un tantrikaoan ko svayatanniyantri (aautonomik) tantrikaean kahate haian jo mastishk mean pahuanchakar ek doosare se sanbaddh hoti haian aur hriday, pheph de, amashay, aant di, gurde adi ki kriya ko niyantrit karati haian. bahm jagath‌ se mastishk tak soochana pahuanchanevali tantrikaean sanvedi tantrikaean (seansari narvz) tatha mastishk se aangoan tak chalane ki ajna pahuanchanevali tantrikaean chalak tantrikaean (motar navarz) kahalati haian. inamean se svayattaniyantri tantrikaoan ko do samoohoan mean vibhajit kiya gaya hai:

anukanpi tantrikatantr

anukanpi tantrikatantr (sianpaithetik narvas sistam) aur paranukanpi tantrikatantr (parasianpaithetik narvas sistam). bhay, krodh, uttejana, adi ka sharir par prabhav mastishk dvara anukanpi tantrikatantr ke niyantran se p data hai. yah niyantran adhikatar sharir ke bhitar aidrinailin namak rasayanik padarth ke utpann hone se hota hai. paranukanpi tantrikatantr ka kary sadharanat: anukanpi ka ulta hota hai, jaisa age chalakar dikhaya gaya hai.

sanrachana

kasheruk dand ke samane donoan or guchchhikaoan (gaiangliyan) ki ek ariankhala pratham vakshiy kasherooka se lekar aantim katikasherooka tak sthit hai. ye kasherooka gandika (vartibral gaigliyan) kahalati haian. sushumna ke parshv praant se, saushumnik tantrika ki pashchim guchchhika dvara, ek sookshm tantu nikalakar guchchhikaoan mean jata hai, jahaan se doosara tantu praranbh hota hai, jo aangoan ya ashayoan ke samip adhikasherooki guchchhikaoan (privartvrial gaiangliyan) mean samapt hota hai. in sootroan ko guchchhikottari (post gaiangliyanik) tantu kaha jata hai. pahala tantu (prigaianglayanik) sushumna ke bhitar sthit koshika ka laangool (aiksan) hai, jo adhikasheruki guchchhika ki koshika ke charoan or samapt ho jata hai. is koshika ka laangool guchdikottari tantu ke roop mean adhikasherooki guchchhika mean jakar samapt hota hai athava sidha aangoan ya ashayoan ki bhittiyoan mean chala jata haian. pratham tantu par medas pidhan (mayalin shith) chadha rahata hai, doosare tantu par nahian hota. is prakar uttejana ke jane ke lie sushumna se aang tak ek marg ban jata hai, jisamean kam se kam do tantu hote haian jinaka sangam (sinaips) guchchhikaoan mean hota hai.

saushumniy aur anukanpi tantrikaoan mean yahi vishesh bhed hai ki pratham prakar ki tantrikaoan mean ek hi nyooron hota hai jo uttejana ko sushumna se aantim sthan tak pahuanchata hai. doosare prakar ki na diyoan mean kam se kam do nyooron dvara uttejana ka sanvahan hota hai. doosara bhed yah hai ki saushumniy tantrikaean visheshataya aichchhik peshiyoan mean jati haian. tisara bhed sanvahan sanbandhi hai. saushumniy na diyoan mean uttejana ka sanvahan keandroan ki or adhik hota hai, arthath‌ unamean sanvedak tantu adhik hote haian. anukanpi tantuoan mean sanvahan keval aangoan ki or hota hai.

anukanpi tantr ke atirikt bhi kuchh any tantrikaoan mean aisi hi rachana hoti hai, arthath‌ do nyooron pae jate haian, jo anukanpi ki hi bhaanti uttejana ka sanvahan aur vitaran karate haian. unako paranukanpi (parasianpaithetik) tantu kahate haian. in donoan ko atmag (aautonomik) tantr bhi kaha jata hai. anukanpi tantr ke do bhag haian, ek kapal (kreniyal) bhag aur doosara trikh‌ (saikral) bhag. kapal bhag ke pun: do vibhag haian. ek vibhag madhyamastishk (midabren) se nikalata hai aur doosara pashchamastishk (haiandabren) se jisaka poorvaguchchhika tantu vagas, jihvagrasanika aur maukhiki tantrikaoan mean shakhaean bhejata hai. pashchaguchchhika tantu ki shakhaean pachanapranali grasanalika se lekar brihadaantr tak ke sare peshistar, shvasanal, phuphphus, aur hriday ki peshiyoan tatha mukh aur gale ki shlaishmik kala ki raktavahiniyoan mean jati haian. trikh‌ bhag ke tantu shroni ki tin b di tantrikaoan dvara, shroniguha ke bhitar sthit aangoan, brihadaantr, malashay, mootrashay, janan aangoan adi, mean vitarit ho jate haian.

karyapranali

isako atmag tantr isalie kaha jata hai ki isaki kriya dvara bhitari aangoan ka sara kam hota rahata hai. yah svat: hamare niyantran se vimukt rahakar aangoan ka sanchalan karata rahata hai. yadyapi isake tantu mastishk aur sushumna ke keandro se nikalate haian, tathapi inase saushumnik na diyoan ka koee sanbandh nahian hota. phir bhi unamean uttejanaean mastishk aur sushumna se hi ati haian.

jaisa oopar bataya gaya hai, anukanpi aur paranukanpi vibhagoan ki kriyaean ek doosare se viruddh haian. ek kriya ko ghatata aur doosara kriya ko badhata hai. pachakanali ke peshisamooh ke sankoch (aantragati) anukanpi se kam hote haian aur paranukanpi se badhate haian. raktavahaniyaan anukanpi ki kriya se sankuchit hoti haian aur paranukanpi se vistrit hoti haian. paranukanpi ke tantu vagas dvara pahuanchakar hriday ko rokate haian, anukanpi se hriday ki gati badhati hai. isase netr ka tara prabhavit hota hai, paranukanpi se sankuchit hota hai. vayunal aur pranalikaoan ki peshiyoan mean paranukanpi ke sootr mastishk se ate haian. sab aangoan mean atmagatantr ke in donoan vibhagoan ke sootr phaile hue haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh