अशोक का परिवार
ashok ka parivar
| |
| poora nam | raja[1] priyadarshi devataoan ka priy ashok maury |
| any nam | 'devanampriy' evan 'priyadarshi'[2] |
| janm | 304 eesa poorv (sanbhavit) |
| janm bhoomi | pataliputr (patana) |
| mrityu tithi | 232 eesa poorv |
| mrityu sthan | pataliputr, patana |
| pita/mata | bindusar, subhadraangi (uttari parampara), rani dharma (dakshini parampara) |
| pati/patni | (1) devi (vedis-mahadevi shakyakumari), (2) karuvaki (dvitiy devi tivalamata), (3) asandhimitra- agramahishi, (4) padmavati, (5) tishyarakshita[3] |
| santan | devi se- putr mahendr, putri sanghamitra aur putri charumati, karuvaki se- putr tivar, padmavati se- putr kunal (dharmavivardhan) aur bhi kee putroan ka ullekh hai. |
| upadhi | raja[1], 'devanampriy' evan 'priyadarshi' |
| rajy sima | sampoorn bharat |
| shasan kal | eesapoorv 274[3] - 232 |
| sha. avadhi | 42 varsh lagabhag |
| rajyabhishek | 272[4] aur 270[3] eesa poorv ke madhy |
| dharmik manyata | hindoo dharm, bauddh dharm |
| prasiddhi | ashok mahan, samrajy vistarak, bauddh dharm pracharak |
| yuddh | samrat banane ke bad ek hi yuddh l da 'kaliang-yuddh' (262-260 ee.poo. ke bich) |
| nirman | bhavan, stoop, math aur stanbh |
| sudhar-parivartan | shilalekhoan dvara janata mean hitakari adeshoan ka prachar |
| rajadhani | pataliputr (patana) |
| poorvadhikari | bindusar (pita) |
| vansh | maury |
| sanbandhit lekh | ashok ke shilalekh, maury kal adi |
ashok athava 'asok' prachin bharat mean maury rajavansh ka raja tha. ashok ka devanampriy evan priyadarshi adi namoan se bhi ullekh kiya jata hai. shrilanka ki parampara mean [5] biandusar ki solah pataraniyoan aur 101 putroan ka ullekh hai. putroan mean keval tin ke namollekh haian, ve haian - suman [6] jo sabase b da tha, ashok aur tishy. tishy ashok ka sahodar bhaee aur sabase chhota tha. uttari paramparaoan mean ashok ki mata ka nam subhadraangi[7] milata hai, jise champa ke ek brahman ki roopavati kanya batalaya gaya hai. isase biandusar ko ek doosara putr bhi hua tha, jisaka nam vigatashok (vitashok) tha na ki tishy jaisa ki lanka ki parampara mean ata hai. dakshin ki parampara mean usaki mata ka nam 'dharma' aya hai. dharma ko agramahishi (agg-mahesi)[8] kaha gaya hai. usake parivar ke guru ka nam 'janasan' tha, jo ki 'ajivik' sadhu tha. isase is bat ka khulasa ho jata hai ki ashok ajivikoan ko ashray kyoan deta tha. dharma ka janm moriyoan ke kshatriy vansh mean hua tha.[9]
sianhasan ke lie raktapat
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us kal ki paripati ke anusar samrajy ke ek door ke praant mean ashok ko vaisaray ke roop mean niyukt kiya gaya tha. yah praant pashchimi bharat mean tha, jisaka nam 'avantirattamh'[10] tha. lanka ki parampara ke anusar isaki rajadhani 'ujjain' thi, par bharatiy parampara ke anusar vah uttarapath [11] mean svashoan[12] ke rajy mean vaisaray tha, jisaki rajadhani takshashila thi. yahaan ashok ko asthayi roop mean tab bheja gaya tha, jab susim takshashila mean vidroh ka daman n kar paya tha. yah vidroh susim ke kuprabandh ke karan hua tha. takshashila mean susim ke samay mean hi ek doosara vidroh us samay hua tha, jab pataliputr ka sianhasan rikt hua, susim is vidroh ko bhi shaant na kar saka, jab ashok ne avasar ka labh utha kar mantri 'radhagupt' ki sahayata se sianhasan par adhikar kar liya. sianhasan ko lekar susim se ashok ka yuddh hua, jisamean susim mara gaya. [13]
- divyavadan[14] mean bhi ashok ke bare mean buddh ki ek bhavishyavani ka ullekh hai jisamean bhagavan ne kaha tha ki yah dharmatma raja unaki dhatuoan par 84000 dharmrajik banavayega.[15] lekin sianhal ki kathaoan mean uttaradhikar ki ghatana ek doosare hi roop mean varnit hai. isamean ashok ne ujjain se sianhasan prapt kiya. usaki niyukti vahian thi. kafi samay se vah ujjain mean hi vaisaray tha. ashok ne uttaradhikar ke is yuddh mean tishy ko chho dakar sabhi bhaiyoan ka vadh kar diya.
parivar ke sadasy
katipay lekhoan mean usake nazadiki rishtedaroan ke nam bhi diye gaye haian. is prakar doosari rani karuvaki aur usake putr tivar ke ullekh haian. ek bad ke lekh mean ashok ke pote dasharath ka nam aya hai. ashok ke lekhoan mean aur janashrutiyoan mean bhi ashok ki kee patniyaan hone ka ullekh hai. sianhali anushrutiyoan ke anusar usaki pahali patni ka nam devi tha, jo vedisagiri ke ek dhani shreshthi ki putri thi. ashok ne usake sath tab vivah kiya, jab vah ujjain mean vaisaray tha. mahabodhivansh[16] mean use vedis-mahadevi aur shakyani[17]ya shakyakumari [18] kaha gaya hai. prasenajit ke putr vidoodabh ne jab apani nanihal valoan ko tang karana shuroo kiya to ye shaky usake bhay se apana vatan chho dakar vedisa (vedisan nagaran) chale gaye the.[19] is prakar ashok ki pahali patni buddh ke kul se sambaddh thi. isake bare mean yah bhi kaha gaya hai ki usane vedisagiri ke mahavihar ka nirman karaya tha.[20] saanchi aur bhilasa ka sambhavat: yah pahala nirman tha. isase yah bhi spasht ho jata hai ki apane nirmanoan ke lie ashok ne saanchi aur usake upaant ke manohar vatavaran ko kyoan chuna. isase bhi prachin sahity mean vidisha ka ullekh ek prasiddh bauddh sthan ke roop mean aya hai.[21] devi se ashok ko ek putr maheandr aur putri sanghamitra huee. sanghamitra ka vivah ashok ke bhaginey agnibrahma se hua tha. sanghamitra ke ek beta bhi hua tha, jisaka nam suman tha. mahavansh ke anusar devi ashok ke sath pataliputr nahian gayi, kyoanki vahaan ashok ki agramahishi asandhimitra rahati thi.[22]
- divyavadan ke anusar
divyavadan [23] mean ek tisari patni padmavati ka bhi nam aya hai. yah dharmavivardhan ke mata thi. yahi dharmavivardhan age kunal nam se vikhyat hua. mahavansh aur divyavadan donoan granthoan mean ashok ki aantim agramahishi ka nam 'tissarakkha' ya 'tishyarakshita' kaha gaya hai. divyavadan mean samprati ko kunal ka putr bataya gaya hai. kashmiri itivrit mean ashok ke ek any putr 'jalauk' ka bhi ullekh hai. phahiyan [24] ne dharmavivardhan nam ke ashok ke ek putr ka bhi ullekh kiya hai, jo gandhar ka vaisaray tha.
putr v putri
mahavansh se pata chalata hai ki ashok ke sabase b de putr maheandr aur usaki putri sanghamitra ne ashok ke abhishek ke chhthe varsh mean 'pravajya' li thi. us samay unaki umr kramash: 20 aur 18 varsh thi. ab yadi ashok ke abhishek ke tithi ee.poo. 270 ho to maheandr ka janm ee.poo. 284 aur sanghamitra ka janm ee.poo. 282 mean hua hoga. yadi pahali santan ke samay pita ki ayu 20 varsh mane to ashok ee.poo.304 mean paida hua hoga. is prakar chandragupt maury ne apane is pote ka muanh avashy dekha hoga. chandragupt maury ki mrityu ee.poo. 299 mean huee thi. yah bhi ullekhaniy hai ki ashok ke damad agnibrahma ne usake abhishek ke chauthe varsh arthath ee.poo. 266 mean 'pravajya' li thi. us samay vah ek bete ka bap ho chuka tha. is prakar sanghamitra se usaka vivah ee.poo. 268 mean avashy ho gaya hoga, jab sanghamitra ki umr chaudah varsh rahi hogi.
mahendr aur sanghamitra
ashok ne bauddh dharm grahan kiya, is dharm ke upadeshoan ko n keval desh mean varanh videshoan mean bhi pracharit karane ke lie prabhavashali qadam uthae. apane putr mahendr aur putri sanghamitra ko ashok ne isi kary ke lie shrilanka bheja tha. ashok ne apane karyakal mean anek shilalekh khudavae jinamean dharmopadeshoan ko utkirn kiya gaya. rajashakti ko sarvapratham usane hi janakalyan ke vividh karyoan ki or agrasar kiya. anek stoopoan aur stanbhoan ka nirman kiya gaya. inhian mean se saranath ka prasiddh sianhashirsh stanbh bhi hai jo ab bharat ke rajachihn ke roop mean sammanit hai.
- samrat ashok ke sambandh mean janakari prapt karane mean pramukh sadhan ashok ke shilalekh tatha stanbhoan par utkirn abhilekh haian. kintu ye abhilekh ashok ke prarambhik jivan par koee prakash nahian dalate. inake lie hamean sanskrit tatha pali mean likhe hue bauddh granthoan par nirbhar rahana p data hai. paramparanusar ashok ne apane bhaiyoan ka hanan karake sianhasan prapt kiya tha.
- janashrutiyoan aur lekhoan ke adhar par ham ashok ke nimnalikhit rishtedaroan ka astitv pate haian-
| kramaank | rishta ya sanbandh | nam evan vivaran |
|---|---|---|
| 1- | pita | biandusar, jisaki kee raniyaan thian. |
| 2- | mata | uttari parampara mean subhadraangi aur dakshin parampara mean dharma. |
| 3- | bhaee |
|
| 4- | patniyaan |
|
| 5- | putr |
|
| 6- | putriyaan v jamata (damad) |
|
| 7- | pote v nati |
|
- REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 yah dhyan dene yogy bat hai ki yadyapi ashok sarvochch shasak tha par vah apane ko sirph 'raja' shabd se nirdisht karata hai. 'maharaja' aur 'rajadhiraj' jaisi bhari-bharakam ya adambar-poorn upadhiyaan, jo alag-alag ya milakar prayukt ki jati haian, ashok ke samay mean prachalit nahian huee thian. 'ashok' | lekhak: di.ar. bhandarakar | prakashak: es. chand end kampani | prishth sankhya:6
- ↑ 'ashok' | lekhak: di.ar. bhandarakar | prakashak: es. chand end kampani | prishth sankhya:5
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 'ashok' | lekhak: radhakumud mukharji | prakashak: motilal banarasidas | prishth sankhya: 8-9
- ↑ dvijendr narayan jha, krishna mohan shrimali “mauryakal”, prachin bharat ka itihas, dvitiy sanskaran (hiandi), dilli: hiandi madhyam karyaanvay nideshalay, 178.
- ↑ jisaka akhyan 'dipavansh' aur 'mahavansh' mean hua hai
- ↑ uttari paramparaoan ka susim
- ↑ isaka ullekh 'ashokavadanamala' mean to hai, par 'divyavadan' mean nahian hai.
- ↑ mahavansh tika, adhyay 4, pri. 125
- ↑ moriyavansaja, mahavansh tika, adhyay 4, pri. 125 v mahabodhivansh, pri. 98
- ↑ arthath avanti rashtr ya avanti ka praant. mahabodhivansh pri. 98
- ↑ divyavadan
- ↑ sambhavat: manu, 10, 22 aur epi. iandiya i, 132 mean ullikhit khasoan se tatpary hai
- ↑ divyavadan ke anusar uttaradhikar ki l daee do bhaiyoan ke bich hi huee thi, jabaki mahabodhivansh mean is yuddh mean ek or ashok tha aur doosari or 98 bhaee the, jinhoanne apane sabase b de bhaee susim ka sath diya tha, jo us samay 'yuvaraj' aur darasal sianhasan ka vastavik adhikari tha. divyavadan ashok ke dave ke samarthan mean kahata hai ki jab biandusar jivit tha to usane ek bar ajivik sadhu 'piangalavats' ko bulaya tha. piangalavats ne phaisala kiya tha ki sabhi rajakumaroan mean ashok sianhasan ke sabase upayukt hai. is granth ke anusar ashok ke samarthan mean biandusar ke sabhi mantri khallatak (pradhanamantri) aur 500 any mantri the.
- dhyan dene ki bat yah bhi hai ki chini yatri i-tsiang ne ek janashruti ka ullekh kiya kiya hai, jisamean svayan bhagavan buddh ne ashok ke 'chakravarttitv' ki bhavishyavani ki thi. janashruti hai ki kap de ka ek tuk da aur sone ki chh di donoan attharah bhagoan mean vibhakt ho gaye the. isaka bhashy karate hue bhagavan buddh kah rahe haian ki "unake nirvan ke sau se adhik sal bitane par unake upadesh 18 bhagoan mean vibhakt ho jaeange. jab ashok nam ka ek raja paida hoga jo sakal janboodvip par shasan karega." (takkus ka i-tsiang, pri. 14
- ↑ divyavadan, 26, pri. 368
- ↑ divyavadan, adhyay, 26
- ↑ mahabodhivansh,pri. 116
- ↑ mahabodhivansh,pri. 116
- ↑ mahabodhivansh,pri. 98
- ↑ vidoodabhabhayagatanan sakiyanan avasan vedisan
- ↑ tay karapitan vedisagirimahaviharan
- ↑ suttanipat
- ↑ mahavansh,85, xx
- ↑ divyavadan ke anusar ashok ne apani rani padmavati mean utpann apane navajat putr ko dharmavivardhan nam diya tha. shishu ki aankhean himalay ke kunal pakshi ki tarah thian. isalie ashok ne use kunal kahana shuroo kar diya tha. divyavadan, adhyay 27
- ↑ legge ka anuvad, pri. 31
- ↑ mukharji, radhakumud ashok (hiandi). nee dilli: motilal banarasidas, 7-8.
- ↑ divyavadan adhyay 27, ke anusar ashok ne apani rani padmavati mean utpann apane navajat putr ko dharmavivardhan nam diya tha. par jaisa usake sath gaye mantriyoan ne kaha tha shishu ki aankhean himalay ke kunal pakshi ki tarah thian. isalie ashok ne use kunal kahana shuroo kar diya tha.
- ↑ divyavadan aur phahiyan ke anusar
- ↑ (stambh lekh 7 ke anusar)
mukharji, radhakumud ashok (hiandi). nee dilli: motilal banarasidas, 7-8.
sanbandhit lekh