आंग्ल-सिक्ख युद्ध द्वितीय
dvitiy aangl-sikkh yuddh 1848-1849 ee. mean l da gaya. tatkalin rejident 'sar henari l aaurens', maharaj dalip sianh ki sanrakshak parishad ka adhyaksh niyukt hua. sanrakshak parishad mean any vyaktiyoan ke sath rani zinda kaur ko bhi sammilit kiya gaya. shighr hi kee sikkh saradaroan mean sandhi ki shartoan tatha aangrezoan ke nirdeshan mean prant ka shasan chalaye jane par tivr asantosh utpann ho gaya. vishesh roop se rani zinda kaur ko yah sandhi bahut akhari, unhoanne aangrezoan ke viruddh shadyantr prarambh kar die. phalasvaroop unhean rajy se nishkasit kar shekhapura bhej diya gaya. sevamukt sikkh sainik bhi rajy mean g dab di utpann karate rahate the.
yuddh ka karan
aangrezoan ke viruddh asantosh uttarottar badhata hi gaya. yah asantosh us samay charam sima par pahuanch gaya, jab multan ke shasak 'moolaraj' ne ay-vyay ka lekha prastut karane mean asamarthata prakat kar tyagapatr de diya. shighr hi moolaraj ke sthan par ek sikkh uttaradhikari ki niyukti huee aur use do aangrez adhikariyoan ke sanrakshan mean multan bhej diya gaya. par marg mean hi achanak akraman karake aprail, 1848 ee. mean donoan aangrazoan ko mar dala gaya. is ghatana ko anukool avasar manakar moolaraj ne multan aur usake durg par adhikar kar liya. aangrezoan ne sthaniy sena kh di karake durg ko gher liya. sherasianh ki adhinata mean lahaur se ek sikkh sena bheji gee, kintu yah sena moolaraj se mil gee. is prakar ek sthaniy vidroh ne ek brihat roop dharan kar liya aur 'dvitiy aangl-sikkh yuddh' arambh ho gaya.
aangrezoan ki kshati
is yuddh ka tatkalik karan multan ka vidroh tha, jise samay se dabaya nahian ja saka. dvitiy aangl-sikkh yuddh ke samay bharat ka gavarnar-janaral l aaurd dalahauzi tha. panjab prashasan ke kauansil adhyaksh sar henari l aaurens ne b di sankhya mean sikkh sena ko bhang kiya, parinamasvaroop panjab mean bhayanak arajakata phail gee. henari ke bad usake bhaee j aaun l aaurens ne apane sudhar karyakramoan ko lagoo kiya. kalantar mean moolaraj ke tyagapatr aur aangrezi paryavekshak ki hatya ke karan isake pratikar ke roop mean dalahauzi ki dhamaki ke sath hi chinab nadi ke kinare aangrezoan aur sikkhoan mean prarambhik jh dap huee. is jh dap mean harane ke bad dalahauzi ne ise ek du:khad ghatana kaha. 13 janavari, 1849 ee. ko sikkh neta sher sianh aur aangrez sainik kamandar gaf ke madhy 'chiliyanavala ka yuddh' l da gaya. is yuddh ka koee nirnay nahian nikal saka aur aangrezoan ko bhari kshati uthani p di.
sikkhoan ki parajay
gaf ne yuddh ke nirnay ko apane paksh mean bataya tha, parantu dalahauzi ne is saphalata par kaha ki, "hamean vijay mili, parantu aisi hi ek aur vijay hamean sada ke lie nasht kar degi". is yuddh ke 40 ghante ke andar hi gaf ko usake pad se hata diya gaya aur usake sthan par charls nepiyar ko senadhyaksh banakar antim l daee panjab mean chinab nadi ke kinare l dane ke lie bheja gaya. 21 faravari, 1849 ee. ko l di gee is l daee mean sikkh buri tarah se parajit hue aur unhoanne aangrezoan ke age atm samarpan kar diya. tatpashchath lard dalahauzi ne 29 march, 1849 ee. ko panjab ko aangrezi rajy mean mila liya aur isake sath hi dalip sianh ko peanshan de di gee. lahaur darabar evan panjab ke astitv ko samapt kar diya gaya. maharaja dalip sianh ko kalantar mean rani zinda kaur ke sath 5 lakh rupaye varshik penshan par ianglaind bhej diya gaya.
- sar henari l aaurens, jo pahale panjab mean british rejident tha, ke anusar panjab ka samrajy mean vilay sambhavat: nyayasangat bhale hi ho, parantu anuchit tha. j aaun l aaurens ke anusar yah kary n keval nyayasangat hi tha, apitu avashyak aur tatkalik bhi tha. sar henari l aaurens ne panjab vilay ke virodh mean tyagapatr tak de diya tha, kintu l aaurd hardiang ke kahane par usane tyagapatr vapas le liya tha.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh