जे. बी. कृपलानी
je. bi. kripalani
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| poora nam | achary jivataram bhagavanadas kripalani |
| any nam | achary kripalani |
| janm | 11 navambar, 1888 |
| janm bhoomi | haidarabad |
| mrityu | 19 march, 1982 |
| abhibhavak | kaka bhagavan das (pita) |
| pati/patni | sucheta kripalani |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| prasiddhi | svatantrata senani aur rajanitijn |
| parti | kaangres, kisan mazadoor praja parti |
| pad | kaangres ke adhyaksh |
| shiksha | em. e. |
| vidyalay | fargyoosan k aaulej, pune |
| any janakari | san 1927 ke bad achary kripalani ka jivan poorn roop se svadhinata sangram aur gaandhiji ki rachanatmak pravrittiyoan ko age badhane mean hi bita. unhoanne khadi aur gram udyogoan ko purn:jivit karane ke lie uttar pradesh mean 'gaandhi ashram' namak ek sanstha ki sthapana bhi ki. |
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jivataram bhagavanadas kripalani (aangrezi: Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani, janm- 11 navambar, 1888 ; mrityu- 19 march, 1982) bharat ke prasiddh svatantrata senani aur rajanitijn the. unhoanne ek shikshak ke roop mean apana vyavasayik jivan prarambh kiya tha. rashtrapita mahatma gaandhi se unaka nikat sampark tha. ve 'gujarat vidyapith' ke prachary bhi rahe the, tabhi se unhean 'achary kripalani' pukara jane laga tha. harijan uddhar ke lie kripalani ji nirantar gaandhiji ke sahayogi rahe. ve 'akhil bharatiy rashtriy kaangres' ke mahamantri tatha varsh 1946 ki merath kaangres ke adhyaksh bhi rahe the. unaki patni sucheta kripalani bhi uttar pradesh ki mukhyamantri rahi thian.
janm tatha shiksha
je. bi. kripalani ka janm 11 navambar, 1888 ko haidarabad (siandh) mean hua tha. ve kshatriy parivar se sambandh rakhate the. unake pita kaka bhagavan das tahasiladar ke pad par niyukt the. kripalani ji ki shiksha siandh aur muanbee ke 'vilsan k aaulej' mean aranbh huee. unhoanne em. e. tak ki shiksha pune ke 'fargyoosan k aaulej' se prapt ki thi, jisaki sthapana lokamany tilak aur unake sathiyoan ne ki thi. kripalani ji ne ek shikshak ke roop mean apana vyavasayik jivan aanrabh kiya tha. san 1912 se 1917 tak ve bihar ke mujaffarapur k aaulej mean aangrezi aur itihas ke prophesar rahe.
je.bi. kripalani aur sucheta kripalani
jivataram bhagavanadas kripalani aur sucheta majoomadar[1] ki pahali mulakat kahaan huee ye kahana mushkil hai lekin ye jaroor kaha ja sakata hai ki banaras hindoo vishvavidyalay kahian n kahian unake pyar ki dhuri bana tha. bad mean mahatma gaandhi ke sath kam karate hue donoan najadik ate ge, lekin gaandhiji yah janakar hairan rah ge ki unhian ke ashram mean un donoan ka pyar phala-phoola. donoan kaangres ke diggaj neta the lekin ane vale saloan mean unaki bhoomika aisi badali ki vo virodhi kaianpoan mean shamil ho ge. kripalani siandh ke haidarabad mean paida hue the. asadharan taur par padhane mean behad kushagr aur kuchh tarah se sochane vale shakhs the. aise shakhs bhi jo apane ap mean rahana jyada pasand karate the. unake bare mean kaha jata tha ki vo bahut asani ke sath apane priy logoan se khud ko alag kar lete the. kripalani ko jo bhi janate haian vo manate the vo behad anushasit aur adarshoan ke pakke shakhs the. striyoan se khud ko hamesha door rakhane vale the. ye mana jane laga tha ki vivah unaki dikshanari mean nahian hai. kripalani azadi se pahale lanbe samay tak kaangres ke mahasachiv rahe aur 1947 jab desh azad ho raha tha tab vah is parti ke adhyaksh the. halaanki azadi ke bad sthitiyaan aisi banian ki kaangres virodh aur vipaksh ki rajaniti karane lage. ajivan aisa karate rahe. vahian sucheta bad mean kaangres mean mantri bhi banian aur mukhyamantri bhi.
- sucheta kripalani se prem
kripalani banaras hindoo vishvavidyalay mean itihas ke prophesar banakar ae, halaanki vah yahaan ek hi sal rahe, lekin vo ek sal hi us vishvavidyalay par unaka prabhav chho dane ke lie kaphi tha. isake bad unhoanne gaandhiji ke asahayog aandolan ke lie naukari chho d di. isake kuchh sal bad banaras hindoo vishvavidyalay ke itihas vibhag mean sucheta majumadar prophesar banakar aeean. unake kanoan mean aksar achary kripalani ki batean sunaee p dati thian. khasakar unake jiniyas tichar hone ki aur phir unake gaandhiji ke khas sahayogi ban jane ki. unhian dinoan kripalani jab kabhi banaras ate to biechayoo ke itihas vibhag jaroor jate. usi dauran unaki mulakat sucheta se huee, jinamean ek prakharata bhi thi aur azadi aandolan se ju dane ki tivrata bhi. kaha ja sakata hai ki kripalani kahian n kahian is bangali yuvati se prabhavit ho ge the. donoan mean kaphi batean hone lagian. jab kuchh mulakatoan ke bad sucheta ne unase gaandhiji se ju dane ki ichchha jahir ki to kripalani isamean sahayak bhi bane. halaanki vah unhean rajaniti mean ane se lagatar hatotsahit bhi karate the, kyoanki unhean lagata tha ki mahilaoan ko rajaniti mean daman saph bachakar rakhana mushkil hota tha. isalie vah unase lagatar kahate bhi the apana daman saph rakhana. achary kripalani unake margadarshak aur vishvast ban ge. samay ke sath jab donoan ka kaphi samay ek doosare ke sath bitane laga to vo karib ane lage, halaanki kisi ko bhi aandaza nahian tha ki kripalani jaise shakhs ke jivan mean bhi prem dastak de sakata hai aur dabe paanv unake man ke ghar par qabza kar sakata hai. kripalani lanbe kad ke sudarshan vyaktitv ke dhani the to sucheta sadharan kad kathi vali thian, lekin kuchh to tha unake vyaktitv mean jisane kripalani jaisi shakhsiyat ko unake pyar mean baandh liya tha. donoan jab ek doosare ke pyar mean p de to unhean kabhi umr ka lanba phasala apane bich mahasoos nahian hua, haan lekin jab unhoanne apas mean shadi karane ki ichchha apane parivaroan ke samane jahir ki to toophan a gaya. apane gharoan mean unhean gusse aur virodh ka samana karana p da.
- gaandhiji bane virodhi
sucheta ne apani kitab 'sucheta en anaphinishd aautob aauyographi' mean likha, gaandhiji ne unake vivah ka virodh kiya tha, unhean lagata tha ki parivarik jimmedariyaan unhean azadi ki l daee se vimukh kar deangi. gaandhi ne kripalani se kaha, agar tum usase shadi karoge to mera dayaan hath to d doge. tab sucheta ne unase kaha, vah aisa kyoan sochate haian balki unhean to ye sochana chahie ki unhean azadi ki l daee mean ek ki bajae do karyakarta mil jaeange. kripalani is bat se nakhush to bahut the ki gaandhi unake vyaktigat mamaloan mean dakhal de rahe haian lekin isake bad bhi unhoanne unaki bat karib-karib man hi li, sucheta bhi is par sahamat ho geean. lekin isake bad gaandhiji ne jo kuchh kiya, usane unake apas me shadi karane ke vichar ko majaboot kar diya. sucheta apani b aauyographi mean likhati haian, gaandhi chahate the ki vah kisi aur se shadi kar lean. unhoanne isake lie dabav bhi dala. maine ise ekasire se kharij kar diya. maine unase kaha, jo prastav vah de rahe haian vo anyayapoorn bhi hai aur anaitik bhi. sucheta jo khushavant sianh ke kahane par ilaistreted vikali maigajin mean apani atmakatha likhane par raji ho geean thian. bad mean yahi unaki atmakatha ke roop mean ahamadabad ke navajivan pablishiang haus ne varsh 1978 mean prakashit ki. isamean unhoanne likha, jab gaandhi ne mere samane aisa prastav rakha to maian unaki or palati, unase kaha ki jo vo kah rahe haian vah galat hai. gaandhi ke pas isaka koee javab nahian tha. hamari bat vahian khatm ho gee. javaharalal neharoo ki sahanubhooti hamare sath thi. unhoanne gaandhi se hamari shadi ke bare mean bat ki.
- umr mean tha 20 sal ka phasala
1936 mean gaandhi ne sucheta aur achary kripalani ko bulava bheja. gaandhi ne unase kaha ki unhean unaki shadi se koee dikkat nahian hai lekin vah unhean arshivad nahian de sakeange. gaandhi ne kaha ki vah unake lie prarthana kareange. sucheta ne apani kitab mean likha, ham unaki prarthana bhar se santusht the. aprail 1936 mean sucheta aur achary kripalani ne shadi kar li. us samay kripalani 48 sal ke the to sucheta matr 28 sal ki thian.
- virodhi hokar bhi sath-sath rahe
bad mean halat ne aisi karavat li ki donoan virodhi daloan mean shamil ho ge. rahate donoan sath the lekin ek kaangres mean raha to doosara ajivan kaangres virodh ki rajaniti karata raha. achary kripalani aksar majak mean kaha karate the ki kaangresi itane badamash haian ki vo meri patni hi bhaga le ge. beshak donoan pati-patni the lekin unamean dosti ka bhav jyada tha. sucheta azadi ke aandolan mean shamil un tin baangla mahilaoan mean thian, jo uchch shikshit thian aur jinhoanne poore jor-shor azadi ki l daee mean hissa liya aur tinoan ne apana karyakshetr uttar pradesh ko banaya. tinoan ne dharm jati ki paravah nahian karate hue apane jivanasathi chune. azadi ke bad badale halat mean achary kripalani ne jahaan kaangres se alag hokar pahale apani kisan majadoor praja parti banaee aur phir ram manohar lohiya ke sath praja soshalist parti ki sthapana ki. sucheta ne 1950 mean dilli se lokasabha chunav kisan majadoor parti se l da. chunav jita, lekin isake bad vah kaangres mean chali geean aur bad uttar pradesh ki mukhyamantri bhi banian. 1971 mean jab tak vah rajaniti mean sakriy rahian tab tak kaangres mean shamil rahian. varsh 1971 mean rajaniti se ritayar hone ke bad vah achary kripalani ke sath dilli ke apane bangale mean rahane lagian. ek patni ke nate unhoanne apane pati ka poora khyal rakha.[2]
gaandhiji ke sahayogi
[[chitr:JB-Kripalani-stmap.jpg|thumb|samman mean jari dak tikat]] inhian dinoan gaandhiji ne champaran ki prasiddh yatra ki thi aur je. bi. kripalani unake nikat sanpark mean ae. varsh 1919-1920 mean ve kuchh samay tak 'kashi hindoo vishvavidyalay' mean bhi rahe aur gaandhiji ke 'asahayog aandolan' ke samay vahaan se hat ge. 'asahayog aandolan' aanrabh hone par vidyalayoan ka bahishkar karane vale chhatroan ke lie gaandhiji ki prerana se kee pradeshoan mean vidyapith sthapit kie the. je. bi. kripalani 1920 se 1927 tak 'gujarat vidyapith' ke prachary rahe. tabhi se ve 'achary़ kripalani' ke nam se prasiddh hue.
kraantikari gatividhiyaan
san 1927 ke bad achary kripalani ka jivan poorn roop se svadhinata sangram aur gaandhiji ki rachanatmak pravrittiyoan ko age badhane mean hi bita. unhoanne khadi aur gram udyogoan ko purn:jivit karane ke lie uttar pradesh mean 'gaandhi ashram' namak ek sanstha ki sthapana bhi ki. harijanoan ke uddhar ke lie gaandhiji ki deshavyapi yatra mean ve barabar unake sath rahe aur is disha mean nirantar apane prayatn jari rakhe. ye unaki samaj seva ki bhavana hi thi, jo unhean rashtrapita ke itane qarib le aee. desh aur samaj seva ki ni:svarth bhavana ne unhean desh ki janata ke bich lokapriy bana diya tha.
uchch pad prapti
1935 se 1945 tak unhoanne kaangres ke mahasachiv ke roop mean kam kiya. varsh 1946 ki merath kaangres ke ve adhyaksh chune ge the. kee prashnoan par pandit javaharalal neharoo se matabhed ho jane karan unhoanne adhyakshata chho d di aur 'kisan mazadoor praja parti' banakar vipaksh mean chale ge. ve ekadhik bar lok sabha ke sadasy bhi rahe.
nidhan
je. bi. kripalani ne sabhi aandolanoan mean bhag liya tha aur jel ki sazaean bhogian. desh ki azadi mean mahattvapoorn yogadan dene vale achary kripalani ji ka 19 march, 1982 mean nidhan hua.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ vivah poorv nam
- ↑ vo kaangres adhyaksh jinaki shadi se gaandhi ko tha etaraz (hiandi) nyooz 18. abhigaman tithi: 6 faravari, 2018.
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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