आमाशय तथा ग्रहणी के व्रण

amashay tatha grahani ke vran (peptik vran) ek aghatak parimit vran hota hai, jo pachan pranali ke un bhagoan mean paya jata hai jahaan aml aur pepasin yukt amashayik ras bhitti ke sanpark mean ata hai, jaise grasanalika ka nimn praant, amashay aur grahani. in vranoan ka ullekh prachin granthoan mean bhi milata hai. inake karan hue raktasrav ka varnan hippokretiz ne 460 ee.poo. mean kiya hai kiantu sabhyata ke adhunik sangharshamay vatavaran mean yah rog bahut adhik paya jata hai. shavapariksha ke aank doan ke anusar sansar ke 10 prati shat vyakti aise vranoan se akaant rahate haian.

lakshan-samanyat: yah vran 20 se 50 varsh ki ayu mean hota hai. amashay vran ki apeksha pakvashay mean vran alp vay mean hota hai aur striyoan ki apeksha purushoan mean char guna adhik paya jata hai. yah pray: sadharan apaksharan ke saman hota hai, jo kuchh vyaktiyoan mean chirasthayi roop le leta hai. isaka karan hai, yah abhi tak jnat nahian hua hai, kiantu yah mana jata hai ki amashay mean aml ki adhikata, amashay ke ootakoan ki pratirodhak shakti ka has aur manasik udvignata vranoan ki utpatti mean vishesh bhag lete haian.

rog ka samany lakshan-bhojan ke pashchath‌ udar ke uparajithar praant mean pi da hoti hai,jo vaman hone se ya kshar dene se shaant ya kam ho jati hai. rogi ko samay samay par aise akraman hote rahate haian, jinake bich vah pi da se mukt rahata hai. kuchh rogiyoan mean pi da atyadhik aur nirantar hoti hai aur sath mean vaman bhi hote haian, jisase pittajanit shool ka sandeh hone lagata hai. muanh se adhik lar tapakana, amlik dakaroan ka ana, gais banane ke karan bechaini ya pi da, vakshesthi ke pichhe ki or jalan aur koshthabaddhata, kuchh rogiyoan ko ye lakshan pratit hote haian. amashay se raktasrav ke nirantar ya adhik matra mean hone ke karan raktalpana ho sakati hai. doosare upadrav jo utpann ho sakate haian: (1) nichchhidran (paraforeshan), (2) jatharanirgam (pailoras) ki rukavat (aaubstrakshan) tatha (3) amashay aur any aangoan ka ju d jana. thumb|250px

nidan-rogi ki vyatha ke itihas se rog ka sandeh ho jata hai, kiantu usaka poorn nishchay mal mean adrishy rakt upasthiti, amlata ki pariksha tatha eks-rashmi dvara parikshanoan se hota hai. beriyam khilakar eks-rashmi chitr lie jate haian amashayadarshak dvara vran ko dekha ja sakata hai.

chikitsa-upadravamukt rogiyoan ki aushadhiyoan dvara chikitsa karake sadharanataya svasth dasha mean rakhana sanbhav hai. chikitsa ka vishesh siddhaant rogoan ki manasik udvignata aur samasyaoan ko door karana aur amashay mean aml ko kam karana hai. aml ki utpati ko ghatana aur utpann hue aml ka nirakaran, donoan avashyak haian. inase vranoan ke achchhe hone aur rogi ke pun: sthapan mean bahut sahayata milati hai tatha vran phir se nahian utpann hote. tanbakoo, mady, chay, aur kahava, masale aur mircho ka prayog chho dana bhi avashyak hai. adhik parishram aur rat ko der tak jagane se bhi hani hoti hai. nichchhidran, atirikt srav, kshudraantrabaddhata tatha aushadhichikitsa se asaphalata hone par shalyakarm avashyak hota hai. thumb|250px|left

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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