आवगाड्रो का नियम
avagadro ka niyam 1811 ee. mean itali ke rasayanajn avogadro ne anu aur paramanu mean bhed spasht karate hue bataya ki paramanu kisi tatv ka vah sookshmatam kan hai jo rasayanik kriya mean bhag leta hai aur isaka svatantr astitv ho bhi sakata hai aur nahian bhi. anu padarth ka vah chhote se chhota kan he jisamean padarth ke sare gun vidyaman hoan aur usaka svatantr astitv sanbhav ho.
avogadro ne hi sarvapratham kaha ki gaisoan mean keval anuoan ka svatantr astitv sanbhav hai n ki paramanuoan ka, isilie gais ke ayatan ko usamean upasthit anuoan se vyakt karana chahie. is adhar par avogadro ne nimnalikhit sanbandh vyakt kiya hai :
'ek hi tap aur dab par sabhi gaisoan ke saman ayatan mean anuoan ki sankhya saman hoti hai.
praranbh mean is sanbandh ko avogadro ki parikalpana kaha gaya tha lekin bad mean jab prayogoan dvara isaka parikshan kiya gaya to ise avogadro ka siddhaant kaha jane laga. aur ab ise avogadro ka niyam kahate haian. paramanu siddhaant ke sanshodhan mean tatha gelarsak ke niyam ki vyakhya karane mean is niyam ka uyapayog hua hai. tatvik gaisoan ki paramanukata nikalane mean, anu bhar jnat karane mean, gaisoan ke bhar ayatan ke sanbandh ko jnat karane mean tatha gaisoan ke vishleshan mean is niyam ka upayog kiya jata hai.
avogadro ki sankhya-kisi bhi gais ke ek gram anu bhar mean anuoan ki sankhya saman hoti hai. is sankhya ko hi avogadro ki sankhya kahate haian. vibhinn vidhiyoan se isaka man 6,02´1023 nishchit kiya gaya hai. avogadro ki sankhya paanch vishv sthiraanko (yunivarsal kaanstaiant) mean se ek hai. ise roman akshar en (N) se niroopit karate haian.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 458 |
sanbandhit lekh
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