इंडियन होमरूल लीग

iandiyan homarool lig
iandiyan homarool lig|200px|center
vivaran	joon 1914 mean jel se riha hue bal gangadhar tilak sahit 'bharatiy rashtravadi netaoan' ne sarakar ke yuddh prayasoan ka samarthan karane ka nirnay kiya. aisa british uddeshyoan ke prati nishtha ya sahanubhooti ki bhavana ke karan kiya gaya.
sthapana	1916
adhyaksh	bal gangadhar tilak
gadar parti	gadar parti ne bharat mean aangrezoan ke khilaf kraantikari yuddh karane ki shapath li thi. 1914 mean yuddh ke arambh hote hi gadar parti valoan ne tay kiya ki hathiyar aur adami bharat bheje jaean jisase sainikoan tatha sthaniy kraantikariyoan ki sahayata se vidroh shuroo kiya jae.
sanbandhit lekh	mahatma gaandhi, javaharalal neharoo
any janakari	tilak pahale vyakti the, jinhoanne kaha tha ki bharatiyoan ko videshi shasan ke sath sahayog nahian karana chahie aur is bat se vah barabar iankar karate rahe ki unhoanne hiansa ke prayog ko ukasaya.

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bal gangadhar tilak ne 1914-15 ko sansadiy karyoan ki vyavaharik shiksha hetu madras mean 'parliyameant' ki sthapana ki aur bambee mean kaangres ke netaoan ki baithak ayojit kar 'iandiyan homarool' ke lie aandolan karane ko kaha. kaangres isake lie taiyar nahian huee to tilak ne svayan yah kary ko apane hath mean liya aur 1916 mean 'homarool lig' ki sthapana ki.

svaraj hamara janmasiddh adhikar hai aur maian ise lekar rahooanga- bal gangadhar tilak

nare ke sath iandiyan homarool lig ki sthapana ki. sanh 1916 ee. mean vah phir se kaangres mean shamil ho ge tatha hianduoan aur musalamanoan ke bich hue aitihasik lakhanoo samajhaute par hastakshar kie.

neharu ji ki aautob aauyographi se

joon 1914 mean jel se riha hue tilak sahit 'bharatiy rashtravadi netaoan' ne sarakar ke yuddh prayasoan ka samarthan karane ka nirnay kiya. aisa british uddeshyoan ke prati nishtha ya sahanubhooti ki bhavana ke karan kiya gaya. jaisa ki javaharalal neharoo ne apani 'aautob aauyographi' mean batalaya hai-

"nishtha ki zoradar ghoshana ke bavajood aangrezoan ke prati koee khas sahanubhooti nahian thi. jarman jitoan ko sunakar naramapanthi aur garamapanthi saman roop se khush hue. beshak, jarmani ke lie koee prem bhavana nahian thi balki unake man mean apane shasakoan ko dhool chatate hue dekhane ki ichchha thi."

[[chitr:Gandhi-Home-Rule-First-Edition-1909.jpg|thumb|left|mahatma gaandhi dvara rachit 'hiand svaraj' ka aangrezi rupaantaran 'iandiyan hom rul']]

rashtrvadiyoan ka drishtikon

rashtrvadiyoan ne mukhy roop se is galat dharana ke karan sakriy roop se british samarthak rukh apanaya ki kritajn briten bharat ki nishtha ka badala ehasanamandi se chukaega aur bharat ko svarajy ke raste par dag bharane mean sahayata dega. unako is bat ka poora ahasas nahian tha ki vibhinn shaktiyaan is lie l d rahi haian ki ve apane tatkalin upaniveshoan ki raksha kar sakean. sath hi, anek bharatiy netaoan ne saf taur par dekha ki tab tak sarakar dvara koee vastavik riyaatean dene ki sambhavana nahian hai, jab tak is par janata ka dabab nahian badhaya jae. isalie, ek vastavik 'rajanitik jan-andolan' zaroori tha. kuchh any karak bhi 'rashtravadi andolan' ko isi disha mean jane ke lie prerit kar rahe the. vishv yuddh ke dauran yoorop ki samrajyavadi shaktiyoan mean paraspar sangharsh hue aur usane eshiyaee janagan ki tulana mean pashchimi deshoan ke jatiy yuddh ke phalasvaroop bharat ke adhik garib vargoan ki vipannata badh gayi. unake lie yuddh ka matalab tha- karoan ka bhari bojh tatha jivan ki dainik avashyakataoan ki vastuoan ki belagam badhati huee kimatean. ve kisi bhi jujharoo virodh aandolan mean shamil hone ke lie tatpar ho rahe the. phalasvaroop, yuddh ke varsh tivr rashtravadi rajanitik aandolan ke bhi varsh the.

do homarool lig ki sthapana

parantu yah jan-aandolan bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ke netritv mean nahian chalaya ja saka, jo naramapanthiyoan ke netritv mean ek nishkiy aur gatihin rajanitik sangathan ban gayi thi aur usane janata ke bich koee sarahaniy rajanitik kary nahian kiya tha. isalie, 1915-16 mean 'do hom rool ligoan ki sthapana huee. ek ke neta lokamany tilak the aur doosari ka netritv eni beseant, aur 'es. subrahmany ayyar' ne kiya. donoan hom rool ligoan ne yuddh ke bad bharat ko homarool ya svarajy dene dene ki maang ke paksh mean sare bharat mean joradar prachar kiya. isi andolan ke dauran tilak ne yah lokapriy nara diya: svarajy mera janmasiddh adhikar hai, aur maian ise lekar rahooanga. donoan ligoan ne tezi se pragati ki aur svarajy ka nara sare bharat mean gooanj utha.

kraantikari aandolan ka vikas

yuddh kal ke dauran kraantikari aandolan ka bhi vikas hua. bangal aur atankavadi dal sare uttar bharat mean phail ge. anek bharatiyoan ne aangrezi raj ka takhta ulatane ke lie hiansatmak vidroh ki yojana banani arambh kar di. sanyukt rajy amerika tatha kanada mean rahane vale bharatiy kraantikariyoan ne 1913 mean gadar parti ki sthapana ki thi. parti ke adhikaansh sadasy sikkh kisan aur sainik the magar unake neta adhikatar shikshit hindoo ya musalaman the. meksiko, japan, filipaians, malaya, siangapur thaeelaiand, iandochin aur poorv tatha dakshin aphrika jaise any deshoan mean bhi parti ke sakriy the.

gadar parti

[[chitr:Ghadar-party-Flag.png|thumb|gadar parti ka dhvaj]]

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gadar parti ne bharat mean aangrezoan ke khilaf kraantikari yuddh karane ki shapath li thi. 1914 mean yuddh ke arambh hote hi gadar parti valoan ne tay kiya ki hathiyar aur adami bharat bheje jaean jisase sainikoan tatha sthaniy kraantikariyoan ki sahayata se vidroh shuroo kiya jae. kee hazar log bharat vapas jane ke lie age ae. unake kharch ko poora karane ke lie lakhoan d aaular ki rakam chande mean mili. anek logoan ne apani zamin-jyadad bechakar dhan laga diya. gadar parti valoan ne sudoor-poorv, dakshin-poorv eshiya tatha sare bharat mean bharatiy sainikoan se sampark sthapit kiya tatha kee rejimeanto ko vidroh karane ke lie taiyar kar liya. aantat: 21 faravari 1915 ko panjab mean hathiyaraband bagavat ka din tay kiya gaya. durbhagyavash, adhikariyoan ko in yojanaoan ka pata chal gaya aur unhoanne turant karyavaee ki. vidroh ke lie tatpar rejimeantoan ko vighatit kar diya gaya tatha netaoan ko jel mean band kar diya gaya ya phaansi par lataka diya gaya. 23vean risale ke barah adamiyoan ko maut ki saza di gayi. panjab mean gadar parti ke netaoan aur sadasyoan ki b de paimane par giraftar huee tatha un par mukadama chalaya gaya. un mean se 42 ko phaansi par lataka diya gaya 114 ko ajanm kale pani tatha 93 ko kaid ki lambi saza di gayi. unamean se anek ne riha hone ke bad panjab mean kirti aur kamyunist andolanoan ki nianv rakhi. gadar parti ke kuchh pramukh neta the - baba gurumukh sianh, karatar sianh sarabha, sohan sianh bhakana, rahamat ali shah, bhaee paramanand aur mohammad barakatulla.

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif "nishtha ki zoradar ghoshana ke bavajood aangrezoan ke prati koee khas sahanubhooti nahian thi. jarman jitoan ko sunakar naramapanthi aur garamapanthi saman roop se khush hue. beshak, jarmani ke lie koee prem bhavana nahian thi balki unake man mean apane shasakoan ko dhool chatate hue dekhane ki ichchha thi." chitr:Blockquote-close.gif - javaharalal neharoo

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siangapur mean vidroh

gadar parti se prerit hokar siangapur sthit paanchavian lait ianfeantri ke 700 sainikoan ne jamadar chisti khaan aur soobedar dande khaan ke netritv mean vidroh kar diya. unhean ek katu l daee ke bad kuchal diya gaya, jisamean kee log mare. saiantis any sainikoan ko sarvajanik roop se faansi par lataka diya gaya jabaki 41 ko ajanm karavas ki saza de di gayi.

ek asafal kraantikari prayas

any kraantikari bharat tatha videshoan mean sakriy the. ek asafal kraantikari prayas ke dauran 1915 mean jatindranath mukharji ne, jo badha jatin ke nam se lokapriy the, balasor mean pulis se l date hue apani jan de di. rasabihari bos, raja maheandr pratap, lala haradayal, abdul rahaman, maulana aubaidulla siandhi, champak raman pille, saradar sianh rana, aur maidam kama ke nam un kuchh bharatiyoan mean the jinhoanne bharat ke bahar kraantikari gatividhiyaan chalayian aur prachar kary kie.

'iandiyan homarool lig' ke adhyaksh tilak

san 1916 ee. mean vah phir se kaangres mean shamil ho ge tatha hianduoan aur musalamanoan ke bich hue aitihasik lakhanoo samajhaute par hastakshar kie. jo unake evan pakistan ke bhavi sansthapak muhammad ali jinna ke bich hua tha, 'iandiyan homarool lig' ke adhyaksh ke roop mean tilak san 1918 mean ianglaiand ge. unhoanne mahasoos kiya ki briten ki rajaniti mean 'lebar parti' ek udiyaman shakti hai, isalie unhoanne usake netaoan ke sath ghanishth sanbandh qayam kie. unaki dooradrishti sahi sabit huee. san 1947 ee. mean 'lebar sarakar' ne hi bharat ki svatantrata ko manzoori di. tilak pahale vyakti the, jinhoanne kaha tha ki bharatiyoan ko videshi shasan ke sath sahayog nahian karana chahie, is bat se vah barabar iankar karate rahe ki unhoanne hiansa ke prayog ko ukasaya.

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• iandiyan homarool lig

sanbandhit lekh

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