इलेक्ट्रॉनिक वोटिंग मशीन

ilektr aaunik votiang mashin
ilektr aaunik votiang mashin|200px|center
vivaran	ilektr aaunik votiang mashin (eeviem) ek aisa yantr hai jo matadan karane ke lie prayog kiya jata hai.
pahali bar istemal	mee, 1982 mean keral ke paroor vidhanasabha nirvachan kshetr ke 50 matadan kendroan par hua.
shuruat	bharat mean am chunav tatha rajy vidhanasabhaoan ke chunav mean aanshik roop se 1999 mean shuroo hua tatha 2004 se isaka poorn istemal ho raha hai.
vishesh	ek eeviem mashin adhikatam 3840 vot darj kar sakati hai.
any janakari	eeviem ka istemal bina bijali ke bhi kiya ja sakata hai kyoanki mashin baitri se chalati hai. yadi ummidavaroan ki sankhya 64 se adhik nahian hoti to eeviem ke istemal se chunav karaye ja sakate haian.
adyatan‎	19:49, 3 faravari 2017 (IST)

ilektr aaunik votiang mashin (aangrezi:Electronic Voting Machine, sanankshipt nam: eeviem) ek aisa yantr hai jo matadan karane ke lie prayog kiya jata hai. svatantr tatha nishpaksh chunav kisi bhi desh ke lokataantrik moolyoan ke lie mahath‍vapoorn hote haian. isamean nishpaksh, satik tatha paradarshi nirvachan prakriya mean aise parinam shamil haian jinaki pushti svatantr roop se ki ja sakati hai. paramparagat matadan pranali in lakshy mean se anek poora karati hai. lekin pharji matadan tatha matadan kendr par qabza jaisa dosh poorn vyavahar nirvachi lokatantr bhavana ke lie ganbhir khatare haian. is tarah bharat ka nirvachan ayog svatantr aur nishpaksh chunav sunishchit karane ke lie nirvachan prakriya mean sudhar ka prayas karata raha hai. sarvajanik kshetr ke do pratishthanoan bharat ilektroniks limited, bangalaur tatha ilektraniks k aauraporeshan aauph iandiya limited, haidarabad ke sahayog se bharat nirvachan ayog ne eeviem (ilektranik votiang mashin) ki khoj tatha dijayaniang ki.

shuruat

ilektr aaunik votiang mashin (eeviem) ka istemal bharat mean am chunav tatha rajy vidhanasabhaoan ke chunav mean aanshik roop se 1999 mean shuroo hua tatha 2004 se isaka poorn istemal ho raha hai. eeviem se purani matapatr pranali ki tulana mean vot dalane ke samay mean kami ati hai tatha kam samay mean parinam ghoshit karati hai. eeviem ke istemal se jali matadan tatha booth qabza karane ki ghatanaoan mean kafi had tak kami laee ja sakati hai. ise nirakshar log eeviem ko mat patr pranali se adhik asan pate haian. mat-petikaoan ki tulana mean eeviem ko pahuanchane tatha vapas lane mean asani hoti hai. eeviem vishv ke sabase b de lokataantrik matadan kary ka takiya kalam ban gee hai. yahaan eeviem ke vikas ka tatha vishv ke sabase b de lokatantr mean isake istemal ka sankshipt itihas prastut karane ka prayas kiya gaya hai.

eeviem ka kramik vikas

• eeviem ka pahali bar istemal mee, 1982 mean keral ke paroor vidhanasabha nirvachan kshetr ke 50 matadan kendroan par hua.
• 1983 ke bad in mashinoan ka istemal isalie nahian kiya gaya ki chunav mean votiang mashinoan ke istemal ko vaidhanik rup diye jane ke lie uchchatam nyayalay ka adesh jari hua tha. disambar, 1988 mean sansad ne is kanoon mean sanshodhan kiya tatha janapratinidhitv adhiniyam 1951 mean nee dhara-61e jo di gee jo ayog ko votiang mashinoan ke istemal ka adhikar deti hai. sanshodhit pravadhan 15 march, 1989 se prabhavi hua.
• kendr sarakar dvara pharavari, 1990 mean anek manyata prapt rashtriy tatha kshetriy daloan ke pratinidhiyoan vali chunav sudhar samiti banaee gee. bharat sarakar ne eeviem ke istemal sanbandhi vishay vichar ke lie chunav sudhar samiti ko bheja.
• bharat sarakar ne ek visheshajn samiti ka gathan kiya. isamean pro.es. sampat tatkalin adhyaksh ar. e. si, raksha anusandhan tatha vikas sangathan, pro.pi.vi. inadireshan (tab aeeaeeti dilli ke sath) tatha d aau.si. rav kasarava da, nideshak ilektroniks anusandhan tatha vikas kendr, tirooanantapuram shamil kie ge. samiti ne apani riport mean kaha ki ye mashinean chhe dachha d mukt haian.
• 24 march 1992 ko sarakar ke vidhi tatha nyay mantralay dvara chunav karane sanbandhi kanoonoan, 1961 mean avashyak sanshodhan ki adhisoochana jari ki gee.
• ayog ne chunav mean nee ilektronik votiang mashinoan ke vastavik istemal ke lie svikar karane se pahale unake moolyaankan ke lie ek bar phir takaniki visheshajn samiti ka gathan kiya. pro.pi.vi. inadireshan, aeeaeeti dilli ke pro.di.ti. sahani tatha pro.e.ke. agraval isake sadasy bane.
• tab se nirvachan ayog eeviem se ju de sabhi takaniki pakshoan par svargiy pro.pi.vi. inadireshan (pahale ki samiti ke sadasy), aeeaeeti dilli ke pro.di.ti. sahani tatha pro.e.ke. agraval se lagatar paramarsh leta hai. navambar, 2010 mean ayog ne takaniki visheshajn samiti ka dayara badhakar isamean do aur visheshajnoan-aeeaeeti mumbee ke ilektrikal ianjiniyariang vibhag ke pro.di.ke. sharma tatha aeeaeeti kanapur ke kampyootar saians tatha ianjiniyariang vibhag ke pro. rajat moona (vartaman mahanideshak si-daik) ko shamil kiya.
• navambar, 1998 ke bad se am chunav/up-chunavoan mean pratyek sansadiy tatha vidhanasabha nirvachan kshetr mean eeviem ka istemal kiya ja raha hai. bharat 2004 ke am chunav mean desh ke sabhi matadan kendroan par 10.75 lakh eeviem ke istemal ke sath ee-lokatantr mean parivartit ho gaya. tab se sabhi chunavoan mean eeviem ka istemal kiya ja raha hai.

eeviem ki visheshataean

• yah chhe dachha d mukt tatha sanchalan mean saral hai.
• niyantran ikaee ke kamoan ko niyantrit karane vale program "ek bar program banane yogy adhar par" maikrochip mean nasht kar diya jata hai. nasht hone ke bad ise padha nahian ja sakata, isaki k aaupi nahian ho sakati ya koee badalav nahian ho sakata.
• eeviem mashinean avaidh matoan ki sanbhavana kam karati haian, ganana prakriya tej banati haian tatha mudran lagat ghatati haian.
• eeviem mashin ka istemal bina bijali ke bhi kiya ja sakata hai kyoanki mashin baitri se chalati hai.
• yadi ummidavaroan ki sankhya 64 se adhik nahian hoti to eeviem ke istemal se chunav karaye ja sakate haian.
• ek eeviem mashin adhikatam 3840 vot darj kar sakati hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• aksar poochhe jane vale prashn - eeviem