उत्तर भारतीय मन्दिर वास्तुशिल्प

[[chitr:Vishwanath-Temple-Varanasi.jpg|thumb|vishvanath mandir, varanasi]] samooche uttar bharat ka vastushilp, jo dakshin bharat mean bijapur zile tak prachalit hai. isaki khasiyat isaka vishisht shikhar, isaki adhirachana, stanbh ya minar hai. is shaili ko kee bar nagar kaha jata hai, jo shilpashastr (vastushilp ke paranparik vidhigranth) mean varnit ek prakar ka mandir hai, lekin vartaman vastushilp ke sath shilpashastr ka satik sanbandh ab tak sthapit nahian kiya ja saka hai.

visheshata

uttar bharat ke ek samany hiandoo mandir mean naqshe ke anusar ek chhota vargakar kamara hota hai (garbhagrih), jisasean mukhy pratima rakhi jati hai. isake bad isase ju de ek ya adhik stanbhayukt mandap hote haian, jo khule ya band aantaral (galiyara) dvara garbhagrih se ju de hote haian. garbhagrih ke pravesh marg ko samany: nadi-deviyoan tatha belabootoan, akritiyoan aur jyamitiy roopalankaroan se sajaya jata hai. kee mandiroan mean garbhagrih ke charoan or parikrama path bhi hota hai. garbhagrih ke oopar shikhar hota hai, jisaki rooparekha vakrarekhiy hoti hai tatha mandapoan par bhi kee chhote saral rekhiy shikhar hote haian. poora dhaancha ek chabootare (jagati) par bhi nirmit kiya ja sakata hai, jisake kinaroan par sahavarti devalay ho sakate haian. agar mandir bhagavan shiv ko samarpit hai, to garbhagrih ke samane sada bhagavan ke vahan nandi ki moorti hoti hai aur yadi mandir vishnu ko samarpit hai, to mandir ke samane dhvaj-stanbh ho sakate haian.

vargakar garbhagrih ke pratyek or prakshepoan ki kramabaddh shrriankhalaean hoti haian, jo lakshanik svastikar yojana ka nirman karati haian. bahari divarean samanyat: pauranik tatha arddh divy moortiyoan se sajjit hoti haian tatha mukhy prakshepoan mean nirmit ale mean devataoan ki mukhy pratimaean hoti haian. aandarooni hisse mean, visheshakar vibhinn prakar ke stanbhoan se sahara lie band chhatoan mean bhi aksar kafi samriddh alankaran hote hai.

sthapaty shaili

[[chitr:Sun-Temple-Konark.jpg|thumb|soory mandir, konark]] chhathi shatabdi mean pahale se maujood uttar bharatiy mandir ke praroop ko uttar pradesh ke jhaansi zile mean devagadh ke mandiroan jaise udaharanoan mean dekha ja sakata hai, jinake garbhagrih ke oopar chipata ladyu-shikhar hai. athavian shatabdi mean yah shaili poornaroopen vikasit huee aur u disa, madhy bharat, rajasthan tatha gujarat mean isake bhinn kshetriy svaroopoan ka vikas hua. amataur par uttar bharatiy mandiroan ka vargikar shikharoan ke prakar ke adhar par kiya jata hai, jaise rrijurekhiy aur vakrarekhiy, jisake do roop haian- shekhari aur bhoomij. uttar bharatiy shaili ke ek prachalit svaroop ko u disa ke aranbhik mandiroan mean dekha ja sakata hai. udaharanarth, mandir nirman gatividhiyoan ka mahanh keandr bhuvaneshvar sthit athavian shatabdi ka bhavy parashurameshvar mandir, 10vian shatabdi se ek lakshanik u diya shaili vikasit huee, jisamean adhik ooanchi divarean tatha zyada alankrit shikhar haian. bhuvaneshvar mean 11vian shatabdi ka liangaraj mandir u diya shaili ke charam utkarsh ka udaharan hai. u diya mandiroan mean sabase b da aur shayad sabase vikhyat mandir konark ka soory mandir hai, jisaka garbhagrih buri tarah kshatigrast ho chuka hai.

madhy bharat mean saral se adhik ooanche bhavan aur alankrit shaili ki or vikas parilakshit hota hai. kiantu kee adharoan vali shekhari shaili ki adhirachana ko 10vian shatabdi ke bad adhik prashray diya gaya. aandarooni hisse aur stanbhoan ka u disa ke muqabale adhik alankaran kiya gaya hai. madhy bharatiy shaili apane suvikasit svaroop mean khajuraho mean parilakshit hoti hai, jise kandary mahadev mandir (lagabhag 11vian shatabdi) mean dekha ja sakata hai. vahaan bahari divaroan par samanjasy aur aishvary ke prabhav ko moortiyoan ke adhiky ke bavajood banae rakha gaya hai; shekhari shaili mean shikhar par laghu vedikaoan ke bahuly ne isaki oordhvagami gatishilata ko aur sashakt banaya. gujarat mean b di sankhya mean mandiroan ko sanrakshit kiya gaya, lekin ab ve bhi buri tarah se kshatigrast ho chuke haian. modhera sthit aranbhik 11vian shatabdi ka soory mandir utkrishtatam devalayoan mean se ek hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

• pustak- bharat jnanakosh khand-1 | prishth sankhya- 220| prakashak- ensaklopidiya britainika, nee dilli