ऑटोमेटेड टेलर मशीन

thumb|aautometed telar mashin aautometed telar mashin (aangrezi:Automated Teller Machine, laghu:etiem) athava svachalit ganak mashin ek aisa doorasanchar niyantrit v kanpyootarikrit upakaran hai jo grahakoan ko vittiy hastaantaran se ju di sevaean upalabdh karata hai. is hastaantaran prakriya mean grahak ko kaishiyar, klark ya baiank tailar ki madad ki avashyakata nahian hoti hai. khudara yani ritel baiankiang ke kshetr mean etiem banane ka vichar samaannatar taur japan, svidan, amerika aur ianglaiand mean janma aur vikasit hua.

shuruat

maute maur, landan aur nyooy aaurk mean sabase pahale isase prayog mean lae jane ke ullekh milate haian. 1960 ke dashak mean ise baiankograph ke nam se jana jata tha. kuchh davoan ke anusar sabase pahale prayogik taur par 1961 mean siti baiank aauph nyooy aaurk ne nyooy aaurk shahar mean grahakoan ki seva mean chaloo kiya tha. vaise grahakoan ne tab ise asvikrit kar diya tha. is karan chhah mah ke bad hi isase hata liya gaya tha. isake bad tokyo, japan mean 1966 mean isaka upayog hua tha. adhunik etiem ki sabase pahali pidhi ka prayog 27 joon, 1967 mean landan ke barkele baiank ne kiya tha. us samay tak kuchh hi grahakoan ko isaki seva ka labh mil paya tha. us samay aj ke etiem kard ke bajae kredit kard ke jarie isaki sevaoan ka upayog kiya jata tha. isake pahale grahak k aaumedi ektar reg varane bane the. prayog mean laee gee mashin ke avishkar ka shrey j aaun shepard ko jata hai. isake vikas mean ianjiniyar de la rooee ka bhi mahattvapoorn yogadan hai. vartaman etiem mashinean iantarabaiank netavark se ju di hoti haian. yah netavark piyooelesi, pielayooes adi namoan se jane jate haian.

etiem ka prayog

vartaman daur mean etiem ka prayog am adami ki dinacharya ka hissa ban gaya hai. kabhi bhi etiem ka istemal karane pahuanch jate haian, par etiem istemal karate samay kuchh savadhaniyaan avashyak haian. agar in savadhaniyoan ko nahian barata to sanbhav hai ki bevajah ki kuchh pareshaniyoan ka shikar hona p d sakata hai.

• jab bhi etiem se paisa nikalane jaean, khasakar rat ke samay to apane sath ek sathi ko lekar avashy jaean.
• apane etiem kard ko pahale se bahar nikal kar rakhean. mashin ke pas pahuanchane par apane pars adi se nikalane mean samay n lagaean. rat ke samay is bat ka khasataur par khyal rakhean ki koee sandehaspad vyakti apake asapas n ho.
• koshish karean agar jyada rakam nikalane ja rahe haian to aise kshetr ka etiem chune jo tulanatmak taur par adhik surakshit ho.
• etiem ka istemal karate samay dhyan rakhean ki koee apaka pin nambar n dekh pae. avval to koee apake sath etiem kebin mean anajana vyakti maujood hi nahian hona chahie. apane sharir se etiem ki-ped ko kavar rakhean.
• etiem mashin se nikalane ke bad nikali gee rashi ko gine zaroor par yah bhi dhyan rakhean ki aisa karate samay kisi ki nigahean ap par n hoan.
• mashin se prapt rasid ko apane pas zaroor rakhean aur isaka milan apane apane baiank stetameant se avashy karean. agar koee samasya ho to sanbandhit baiank se sanpark karean.
• pin nambar ko yad rakhean. etiem ka istemal karate samay pin ka behad savadhani se prayog karean.
• apane phon nambar, ghar ke pate, nam ya sanketaksharoan adi par apana pin nambar n rakhean.
• pin dalate samay kipaid ko apane doosare hath se chhupae rakhean.

etiem ke istemal mean pareshaniyaan

thumb|aautometed telar mashin grahakoan ke lie baiankoan se rupayoan ki nikasi asan banane ki khatir etiem mashinoan ko amal mean laya gaya tha, lekin in etiem mashinoan se ae din itani tarah ki g dab diyaan samane a rahi haian ki grahakoan ko kee bar khasi pareshani uthani p d jati hai. yah etiem mashin kabhi nakali not ugal deti hai to kabhi bina not ugale hi nikale ge rupayoan ki khali rasid bahar dikha deti hai. aise mean grahak ko tamam ajibogarib pareshaniyoan se joojhana p d jata hai. isaki vajah yah hai ki bharatiy baiankoan mean chainij kanpyootar takanik ghar kar chuki hai. jahaan gharoan mean chainij saman ki gunavatta hamesha ghatiya mani jati hai aur isake tikaoopan par hamesha sanshay bana rahata hai. vahian chin mean bani etiem mashinean bharatiy baiankoan ne dh dalle se laga li haian. natije samane haian. etiem mashinoan se ju di g dab diyaan aur shikayatean tezise badh rahi haian. ab ek nee shikayat in mashinoan ke sath ju di hai. inake asani se chori ho jane ki. hal mean noeda mean chori huee etiem mashin ko isi nazar se dekha ja sakata hai. kahane ko to isamean suraksha ke pukhta iantajam haian. lekin ain vakt par ye dhare ke dhare rah jate haian. masalan chori ya loot ka alarm n bajana ya mashin ke tar kate jane par svich yani kantrol room ko khabar bhi n lag pana.

• ye etiem mashin marammat ke liye khuli hone ki sthiti mean svich ke sath apana sanpark to d deti hai. aise samay baiank adhikari ya etiem vaiandar ke samane mashin ki avashyak marammat ki jati hai. parantu ajakal etiem mashinoan ki chest ya tijori khuli hone ki dasha mean bhi ye mashinean svich ko jhootha sandesh dete hue analain rahati haian. yani aisa sanbhav hai ki mashin chor le jaean aur svich ko khabar bhi n lage.
• etiem mashinoan ke kal purje hoan ya poori etiem mashin ki saplaee kisi bhi nam vale etiem mashinoan ki apoorti lagabhag 75 pratishat kam mooly par upalabdh karane ke chainij vijnapan iantaranet par bhi maujood haian. yani etiem mashinoan ka poora market hi gre dayare mean phansa hai.
• khatare ki bat yah bhi hai ki etiem ki tijori tak saplayar ki eproch haradam bani rahati hai. etiem ke pasavard se lekar, kholane-band karane ke sare raste usi ke eejad kie hue haian. jab chainij haikar pradhanamantri karyalay mean seandhamari karane se nahian hichakichate to in etiem mashinoan tak pahuanch banana unake lie kahaan mushkil hai?

etiem mashin se thagi ke kisse

aisi shikayatean deshabhar mean haian ki kabhi bhi kisi etiem mashin se 1000 aur 500 ke nakali not nikal p date haian aur baiank inaki koee jimmedari lene ko taiyar nahian hota. grahak in nakali notoan ko badalane ke lie chahe baiank ke b de adhikariyoan se milean ya shikayatean karean, lekin sunavaee kahian nahian hoti. muft mean phansane ke bhay se log pulis kes karate nahian aur ye not anajani jagahoan par dene se prachalan mean bane rahate haian. kahane ko har mah baiankoan ke haid aphis se lekar sarkil aphis tak bani aeeti kametiyaan is sistam ki kamiyoan ko dhakane ke lie baithakean karati haian. baiankoan ki yooniyan bharat ki arthik dasha par gh diyali aansoo bahane ya h datal karane tak simit haian- is gorakhadhandhe ki khabar par ye bhi sidhe tippani karane se hichakate haian, manoan daean-baean rahakar unhean bhi is par chup rahane mean bhalaee lagati ho.

grahak ki jeb aur kosh par daka

baiankoan se grahakoan ki katarean hatane ke lie jor-shor se shuroo hua yah vaikalpik dilivari chainal akhir aparadhik shadayantr jaisa kyoan sidgh ho raha hai. rojana inase thage jane vale grahakoan ki sankhya thamane mean nahi a rahi. etiem mashinoan se apani gadhi kamaee ganvane vale baiankoan ke grahak apane ko chhala hua mahasoos karate haian. jab etiem mashin unake khate se rupaye to nikale dikha deti hai lekin nakadi mashin se bahar nahian ati ya kabhi kam hi nikalati hai.

grahakoan ko yah bhi jan lena chahie ki etiem kard aur iantaranet baiankiang ke avedan par saph likha hai ki kisi kism ke nukasan ke lie baiank ki javabadehi nahian hogi. jab baiank ke bhitar saravar thapp hona am hai to ghar ya aauphis se netabaiankiang karana hamare desh mean bilakul saral nahian manana chahie. haikiang aur pasavard chori mean baiankakarmiyoan ki sanliptata ke mamale bhi ab khulane lage haian. bhale hi rijarv baiank ne sarakyoolar nikale hoan ki char din ke bhitar nakadi n milane ki ghatana ko sudhara jana zaroori hai lekin aisa koee sistam abhi baiankoan ke pas nahian hai ki ve itani shighrata se is khami ka pata laga kar uchit karravaee kar sakean.

etiem mashin par nam to baiank ka rahata hai, lekin vyavastha bahari ejeansiyoan ko theke par de di jati hai. inase kam lena baiank adhikariyoan ke vash se bahar ho chuka hai kyoanki in ejeansiyoan ki pahuanch oopar tak hoti hai. maje ki bat hai ki laparavahi ya g dab di mashin saplaee karane vali kanpani ki taraph se hoti hai jinaka kahian jikr nahian hota. etiem mashin saplaee karane vali kanpani hi tay karati hai ki shikayati grahak ko bhugatan hua hai ki nahian. anek bar ye kanpani bhi shat pratishat bhugatan hone ki garanti nahi karati. phir bhi in vaikalpik dilivari chainaloan par bharosa kar baiank grahakoan ki jeb khali kar raha hai aur sath hi ek b di rakam ka niyamit in gairazaroori bahari pharmoan ko bhugatan karata hai. bharatiy baiankoan ke uchch prabandhan ne ghatiya takanik vali etiem mashinoan ko kharidakar n keval karo doan rupayoan ke apavyay ko aanjam diya hai sath hi grahakoan ke sath bhi vishvasaghat kiya hai. ausatan 10 lakh rupayoan ki lagat se sthapit hone vale ek etiem mashin ki kharid mean ye bhi nahian dekha gaya ki ye mashin rupayoan ki pahachan kar sakati hai ya nahian.

etiem kard khone ki samasya

ap apane khoe hue etiem kard ko apane baiank mean jakar kaiansil nahian karava sakate. baiank dava karata hai ki ap kisi bhi shakha se etiem kard ishyoo karava sakate haian, lekin yahi kard kho jae to pahale ap ko baiank ke kal seantar mean isaki shikayat darj karani hai. shikayat nanbar lekar ap ko baiank ko soochit karana hai. khoe hue etiem kard se nakadi nikalane ke alava kharidadari bhi sanbhav hai so grahak chahata hai ki turant use khoe kard se mukti milani chahie. etiem kard ka galat istemal ho to apako pulis ya kort kachahari karani p d sakati hai.

• baiank etiem prachalan ke lie apane un adhikariyoan ki tim banata hai jo any karyoan mean bhi vyast rahate haian aur unhean etiem ka jogaraphiya bhi thik se nahian pata hota. aise mean theke vali kanpaniyoan se sahi kam lena in adhikariyoan ke boote se bahar rahata hai. had yah hai ki ye etiem mashinean sirph grahakoan ki jeb hi nahian kutarati ab isaki jad mean baiank ke kosh aur baiank adhikari bhi ane lage haian. jab mashin jyada nakadi ka bhugatan kar deti hai aur etiem mashin ki nakadi mean kami ati hai to is ki bharapaee ke lie sambaddh baiank karmi se vasooli ki jati hai.
• yadi apane kisi doosare baiank ka etiem kard kisi doosare baiank ke etiem mean istemal kiya hai aur rashi nahian mili hai to doguni manasik pareshani jhelani p d sakati hai. etiem mashin phel hone ki dasha mean baiank ki ekaanutiang pranali bhi phel ho jati hai. yahi karan hai ki etiem se satae grahakoan ki sankhya dinodin badh rahi hai. apaki shikayat kitani dinoan bad suni jaegi ye sab kanpani ki marzi

par hai. kee bar kanpani ka nirnay ajibogarib hota hai. jaise etiem kod ke anusar rashi ka bhugatan ho bhi sakata hai aur nahian bhi ho sakata.

• mashin mean maujood 100, 500 v 1000 ke dibboan se doosari kareansi ki apoorti n ho sake isake lie n to koee makainikal n hi koee saphtaveyar mean vyavastha hai. is drishti se ye mashinean baiankiang ke liye surakshit nahian mani ja sakati. galat bhugatan ki pravishtiyoan ko thik karane ki vyavastha bhi karagar nahian hai.
• kabhi mashin avaj karati rahati hai, paisa bahar nahian nikalata aur etiem haiang ho jata hai. kabhi yah rashi kisi doosare grahak ko anayas hi mil jati hai kyoanki rashi bich mean ataki rahati hai aur etiem achanak kam karana shuroo kar deta hai. kabhi grahak ki yahi rashi etiem mean nakadi, kagaj ya riban phid karane vali kampani ke kariande ke hath bhi lag jati hai.
• etiem mashinoan ke meantinaians ke nam par etiem mean nakadi bharana, do bar din mean etiem parisar ki saphaee, eyarakandishan ka chaloo rahana, etiem mashin ka jiro daun hona, suraksha ki drishti se drishy aur adrishy kaimaroan ka chaloo rahana, etiem se har prachalan ki parchi nikalana, daravaje ka band rahana taki ek samay mean ek grahak etiem mean rahe, rat mean paryapt roshani ki vyavastha, suraksha ke liye gard adi inake varshik metinaians ke kuchh pramukh hisse haian jinaka palan nahian hota. mashin hamesha nirapad bhugatan kare aur manaviy bhooloan ko pak dane mean ye saksham ho aisi batoan ko inaki kharid mean najarandaj kiya jata hai. ye mashinean kisi bhi manak byooro se svikrit nahian haian.

sanbandhit lekh

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