कश्मीर की घाटी
thumb|250px|kashmir ki ghati kashmir ki ghati ka ek gahara tatha visham besin hai, jo pir panjal aur vishal himalay parvat shreni ke pashchim chhor ke bich mean sthit ausatan 1,600 mitar ki ooanchaee vali hai. abhinootan (plistosin) yug ke dauran yah kabhi kareva jhil ki talahati thi. ab yah oopari jhelam nadi ke dvara jama ki gee talachhat aur jalodh mitti se bhari huee hai. mitti aur pani ki sthitiyoan mean ullekhaniy vividhata hai.
bhaugolik sthiti
jalavayu ki drishti se yahaan lagabhag 750 mimi varshik varsha hoti hai. kuchh to grishm kalin manasooni havaoan se aur kuchh shit rritu mean kam dab ki pranali se sambaddh havaoan se hoti hai. aksar himapat ka sath varsha aur ole dete haian. ooanchaee ke karan tapaman kafi parivartit ho jata hai. shrinagar mean nyoonatam ausat tapaman janavari mean 2 digri se. hota hai aur adhikatam ausat tapaman julaee mean 31 digri se. tak rahata hai. 2,134 mitar ki ooanchaee tak jatil aur sthalakriti ki drishti se vishal vrihad himalay mean 6,096 mitar se adhik tak ooanchaee vali kuchh parvat shreniyaan haian, jinake bich-bich mean bahut gahari ghatiyaan haian. abhinootan (plistosin) yug mean yah kshetr bhari gleshiyaroan ke aantargat ata tha aur gleshiyaroan ke avashesh v himakshetr rahe hone ke chihn abhi bhi yahaan maujood haian. is prakshetr mean garmi ke mahinoan mean dakshin-pashchimi manasooni havaoan se kuchh varsha hoti hai. isake nichale dhalan vanachchhadit haian, lekin himalay ek jalavayu vibhajak jaisa hai. is or bharatiy upamahadvip ki manasooni jalavayu hai aur doosari or madhy eshiya ki shushk mahadvipiy jalavayu.
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