किरातार्जुनीयम्
kiratarjuniyamh prasiddh prachin sanskrit granthoan mean se ek hai. ise ek utkrisht kavy rachana mana jata hai. isake rachanakar mahakavi bharavi haian, jinaka samay chhathi-satavian shatabdi mana jata hai. yah rachana 'kirat' roopadhari shiv evan paandu putr arjun ke bich hue dhanuryuddh tatha vartalap par adharit hai. 'mahabharat' mean varnit kirataveshi shiv ke sath arjun ke yuddh ki laghu katha ko adhar banakar kavi ne rajaniti, dharmaniti, kootaniti, samajaniti, yuddhaniti, janajivan adi ka manoram varnan kiya hai. yah kavy vibhinn rasoan se otaprot hai.
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kathavastu
bharavi ki kirti ka adhar-stambh unaki ekamatr rachana ‘kiratarjuniyamh’ mahakavy hai, jisaki kathavastu mahabharat se li gee hai. isamean arjun tatha 'kirat' veshadhari shiv ke bich yuddh ka varnan hai. antatogatva shiv prasann hokar arjun ko 'pashupatastr' pradan karate haian.
vir ras pradhan
kiratarjuniyamh ek vir ras pradhan 18 sargoan ka mahakavy hai. inaka prarambh 'shri' shabd se hota hai tatha pratyek sarg ke antim shlok mean ‘lakshmi’ shabd ka prayog milata hai. yah kriti apane arthagaurav ke lie prasiddh hai.[1] kavi ne b de se b de arth ko tho de se shabdoan mean prakat kar apani kavy kushalata ka parichay diya hai. komal bhavoan ka pradarshan bhi kushalatapoorvak kiya gaya hai. prakritik drishyoan tatha rrituoan ka varnan bhi ramaniy hai.
kavy chatury aur bhasha
bharavi ne keval ek akshar ‘n’ vala shlok likhakar apani kavy chaturi ka parichay diya hai. kahian-kahian kavita mean kathinata bhi a gee hai. is karan vidvanoan ne inaki kavita ko ‘narikel phal ke saman’ bataya hai. kirat mean rajanitik siddhantoan ka pratipadan bhi atyant utkrishtata ke sath mean kiya gaya hai. isaki bhasha udatt evan hriday bhavoan ko prakat karane vali hai. kavi mean komal tatha ugr donoan prakar ke bhavoan ko prakat karane ki saman shakti evan samarthy thi. prakriti ke drishyoan ka varnan bhi atyant manohari hai.
katha
'kiratarjuniyamh' mahakavy ki katha is prakar hai-
jab yudhishthir kauravoan ke sath huee dyootakri da mean sab kuchh har gaye to vah apane bhaiyoan evan draupadi ke sath 13 varsh ke lie vanavas chale gaye. unhoanne adhikaansh samay dvaitavan mean vyatit kiya. vanavas ke kashtoan se pareshan hokar aur kauravoan dvara chali gayi chaloan ko yad karake draupadi yudhishthir ko prerit karati thian ki ve yuddh ki taiyari karean aur yuddh karake kauravoan se apana rajapat vapas le lean. bhim bhi draupadi ka paksh lete haian. sanbhavit yuddh ki taiyari ke lie maharshi vyas unhean paramarsh dete haian ki arjun tapasya karake shiv ko prasann kare aur unase 'amogh ayudh' prapt karean . maharshi vyas arjun ke sath ek yaksh ko bhejate haian, jo arjun ko himalay par chho d ata hai, jahaan arjun ko tap karana hai. 'ek jangali suar ko tumane nahian maianne mar giraya' is dave ko lekar arjun ka kirat (vanavasi ek jan jati) roopadhari shiv ke sath pahale vivad aur phir yuddh hota hai. aant mean shiv apane asali roop mean prakat hokar ayudhoan se arjun ko upakrit karate haian.
niti vachan
is poore prakaran mean draupadi ki batoan ke samarthan mean bhim dvara yudhishthir ke prati kuchh ek niti vachan kahe gaye haian -
sahasa vidadhit n kriyamavivekah paramapadaan padamh .
vrinute hi vimrishyakarinan gunalubdhaah svayamev sampadah ॥30॥[2]
arthath "kisi kary ko bina soche-vichare anayas nahian karana chahie. vivekahinata apadaoan ka ashray sthan hoti hai. achchhi prakar se gunoan ki lobhi sanpadaean vichar karane vale ka svayamev varan karati haian, usake pas chali ati haian".
uparokt shlok mean kaha gaya hai ki sanpadaean guni vyakti ka varan karati haian. yahaan gun shabd ek vishesh arth mean prayukt hua hai. nitikar ka ishara un gunoan se hai, jinake madhyam se vyakti kisi kary ke lie samuchit avasar talashata hai, use kab aur kaise siddh karean, isaka nirnay leta hai aur tadarth sansadhan jutata hai. yahaan gun shabd ka arth sadgunoan se nahian hai. parinamoan ka sahi akalan karake kary karane ka kaushal hi gun hai.
abhivarshati yo9nupalayanvidhibijani vivekavarina .
s sada phalashalinian kriyaan sharadan lok iv adhitishthati ॥31॥[3]
arthath "jo krity ya karane yogy kary roopi bijoan ko vivek roopi jal se dhairy ke sath sianchata hai, vah manushy phaladayi sharad rritu ki bhaanti karm ki saphalata ko prapt karata hai". is shlok mean nitikar ne kary ko fasal ke bij ko, buddhimatta ke paudhe ko sianchane hetu jal tatha phal ki prapti ko sharad-rritu mean taiyar fasal ki upama di hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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