क्षेमेन्द्र
kshemendr kashmiri mahakavi the. ve sanskrit ke vidvanh tatha pratibha sanpann kavi the. unaka janm brahman kul mean hua tha. kshemendr ne prasiddh alochak tatha tantrashastr ke marmajn vidvanh abhinavagupt se sahityashastr ka adhyayan kiya tha. inake putr somendr ne pita ki rachana 'bodhisattvavadanakalpalata' ko ek naya pallav jo dakar poora kiya tha. kshemendr sanskrit mean parihas katha ke dhani the. sanskrit mean unaki jo d ka doosara siddhahast parihas katha lekhak sambhavat: aur koee nahian hai.
rachana kal
kshemendr ne apane granthoan ke rachana kal ka ullekh kiya hai, jisase inake avirbhav ke samay ka parichay milata hai. kashmir ke naresh anant (1028-1063 ee.) tatha unake putr aur uttaradhikari raja kalash (1063-1089 ee.) ke rajy kal mean kshemendr ka jivan vyatit hua. kshemendr ke granth 'samayamatrika' ka rachana kal 1050 ee. tatha inake aantim granth dashavataracharit ka nirman kal inake hi lekhanusar 1066 ee. hai. isake phalasvaroop ekadash shati ka madhy kal[1] kshemendr ke avirbhav ka samay mana ja sakata hai.
kritiyaan
kshemendr ke poorvapurush rajy ke amaty pad par pratishthit the. phalat: inhoanne apane desh ki rajaniti ko b de nikat se dekha tatha parakha tha. apane yug ke ashaant vatavaran se ye itane asantusht aur marmahat the ki use sudharane mean, use pavitr banane mean tatha svarth ke sthan par pararth ki bhavana dridh karane mean inhoanne apana jivan laga diya tatha apani drutagamini lekhani ko isaki poorti ke nimitt kavy ke nana aangoan ki rachana mean lagaya. inake adarsh the maharshi vedavyas aur unake hi saman kshemendr ne saras, subodh tatha udatt rachanaoan se sanskrit bharati ke prasad ko alankrit kiya.
prathamat: unhoanne prachin mahatvapoorn mahakavyoan ke kathanakoan ka sankshipt vivaran prastut kiya. 'ramayanamanjari', 'bharatamanjari' tatha 'brihatkathamanjari', ye tinoan hi kramash: ramayan, mahabharat tatha brihatkatha ke atyant rochak tatha saras sankshep haian. 'dashavataracharit' inaka udatt mahakavy hai, jisamean bhagavan vishnu ke dasoan avataroan ka b da hi ramaniy tatha praanjal, saras evan muanjul kavyatmak varnan kiya gaya hai. auchity-vichar-charcha mean kshemendr ne auchity ko kavy ka moolabhoot tatv mana hai tatha usaki prakrisht vyapakata kavy pratyek aang mean dikhalaee hai.
bhasha-shaili
kshemendr sanskrit mean parihas katha ke dhani the. sanskrit mean unaki jo d ka doosara siddh hast parihas katha lekhak koee aur nahian hai. unaki siddh lekhani pathakoan par chot karana janati thi, parantu usaki chot mithi hoti thi. parihas katha vishayak unaki do anupam kritiyaan haian-
- 'narmamala'
- 'deshopadesh'
in kritiyoan mean us yug ka vatavaran apane poorn vaibhav ke sath hamare sammukh prastut hota hai. kshemendr vidagdhi kavi hone ke atirikt janasadharan ke bhi kavi the, jinaki rachana ka uddeshy vishuddh manoranjan ke sath-sath janata ka charitr nirman karana bhi tha. 'kalavilas', 'chaturvargasangrah', 'charucharya', 'samayamatrika' adi laghu kavy is disha mean inake saphal udyog ke samarth praman haian.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ lagabhag 1025-1066 ee.