गवर्नर-जनरल

aangrez gavarnar janaraloan ki soochi

gavarnar janaral	karyakal

r aaubart klaiv	1757-1760 ee.
varen hestiangs	1772-1785 ee.
j aaun maikafarasan	1785-1786 ee.
l aaurd k aaurnav aaulis	1786-1793 ee.
sar j aaun shor	1793-1798 ee.
l aaurd velezali	1798-1805 ee.
sar j aaurj barlo	1805-1807 ee.
l aaurd minto pratham	1807-1813 ee.
l aaurd hestiangs	1813-1823 ee.
j aaun edams	1823 ee.
l aaurd emaharst	1823-1828 ee.
viliyam vayale	1828 ee.
l aaurd viliyam baiantik	1828-1835 ee.
sar charls metak aauf (sthanaanpann)	1835-1836 ee.
l aaurd aaukalaind	1836-1842 ee.
l aaurd elanabaro	1842-1844 ee.
l aaurd hardiang	1844-48 ee.
l aaurd dalahauzi	1848-1856 ee.
l aaurd kainiang	1856-1862 ee.
l aaurd elagin pratham	1862-1863 ee.
sar j aaun lareans	1863-1869 ee.
l aaurd meyo	1869-1872 ee.
l aaurd narthabruk	1872-1876 ee.
l aaurd litan pratham	1876-1880 ee.
l aaurd ripan	1880-1884 ee.
l aaurd dafarin	1884-1888 ee.
l aaurd lainsadaun	1888-1894 ee.
l aaurd elagin dvitiy	1894-1899 ee.
l aaurd karzan	1899-1905 ee.
l aaurd minto dvitiy	1905-1910 ee.
l aaurd hardiang dvitiy	1910-1916 ee.
l aaurd chemsaford	1916-1921 ee.
l aaurd ridiang	1921-1925 ee.
l aaurd litan dvitiy (sthanapann)	1925 ee.
l aaurd iravin	1926-1931 ee.
l aaurd viliangadan	1931-1936 ee.
l aaurd linalithago	1936-1944 ee.
l aaurd vevel	1944-1947 ee.
l aaurd mauntabetan	1947-1948 ee.

gavarnar-janaral british bharat ka ek sarvochch adhikari ka pad hua karata tha. british bharat ke samay koee bhi bharatiy is pad par nahian rakha gaya, kyoanki yah pad bahut hi mahattvapoorn pad tha aur is par sirf aangrezoan ka hi adhikar tha. 1858 ee. tak, gavarnar-janaral ko british eest indiya kampani ke nideshakoan dvara chayanit kiya jata tha, aur vah unhian ke prati javabadeh bhi hota tha. bad mean vah maharaja dvara, british sarakar dvara, bharat ke rajy sachiv dvara aur british kaibinet ke dvara; in sabhi ki ray se chayanit hone laga. 1947 ee. ke bad samrat ne usaki niyukti jari rakhi, lekin usaki niyukti bharatiy mantriyoan ki ray se ki jati thi, n ki british mantriyoan ki salah se. gavarnar-janaral ka karyakal paanch varsh ke liye hota tha. is avadhi se pahale bhi use hataya ja sakata tha. is kal ke poorn hone par, ek asthayi gavarnar-janaral banaya jata tha, jab tak ki naya gavarnar-janaral padabhar grahan na kar le. asthayi gavarnar-janaral ko prayah prantiy gavarnaroan mean se hi chuna jata tha.

pad ki srishti

1773 ee. ke regyuletiang ekt ke aantargat is pad ki srishti ki gee. sarvapratham varen hestiangs is pad par niyukt hua. vah 1774 se 1786 ee. tak is pad par raha. is pad ka poora nam bangal fort viliyam ka gavarnar-janaral tha, jo 1834 ee. tak raha. 1833 ee. ke chartar ekt ke anusar is pad ka nam bharat ka gavarnar-janaral ho gaya. 1858 ee. mean jab bharat ka shasan kampani ke hath se briten ki maharani ke hath mean a gaya, tab gavarnar-janaral ko vaisaray (raj pratinidhi) bhi kaha jane laga. jab tak bharat par british shasan raha tab tak bharat mean koee bharatiy gavarnar-janaral ya vaisaray nahian hua.

adhikar aur kartavy

1773 ee. ke reguletiang ekt mean gavarnar-janaral ke adhikaroan aur kartavyoan ka vivaran diya hua hai. bad mean pit ke iandiya ekt (1784) tatha poorak ekt (1786) ke anusar is adhikaroan aur kartavyoan ko badhaya gaya. gavarnar-janaral apani kauansil (parishadh) ki salah evan sahayata se shasan karata tha, lekin avashyakata p dane par vah parishad ki ray ki upeksha bhi kar sakata tha. is vyavastha se gavarnar-janaral vyavaharat: bharat ka bhagy-vidhata hota tha. keval sudoor sthit briten ki sansad aur bharatamantri hi us par niyantran rakh sakate the.

upadhi v sambodhan

aangrez gavarnar janaral aur vayasaray

janaral aur vayasaray	kary / karyakal

aangrez gavarnar janaral
l aaurd viliyam baiantik	1833-35 ee.
sar charls maitakaph (sthanaanpann)	1835-36 ee.
akalaind	1836-42 ee.
l aaurd elanabaro	1842-44 ee.
viliyam vilabar phors bard	1844 ee.
l aaurd hardiang	1844-48 ee.
l aaurd dalahauzi	1848-56 ee.
l aaurd kainiang	1856-58 ee.
aangrez gavarnar janaral aur vayasaray
l aaurd kainiang	1858-62 ee.
l aaurd elgin pratham	1862-63 ee.
sar rarbat nepiyar (sthanapann)	1863 ee.
sar viliyam ti. denisan (sthanapann)	1863 ee.
sar j aaun larens	1864-68 ee.
l aaurd meyo	1869-72 ee.
sar j aaun strechi (sthanapann)	1872 ee.
l aaurd narthabruk	1872-76 ee.
l aaurd litan pratham	1876-80 ee.
markvis aauf ripan	1880-84 ee.
arl aauf dafarin	1984-88 ee.
l aaurd lainsadaun	1988-94 ee.
l aaurd elgin dvitiy	1894-99 ee.
l aaurd karzan	1899-1905 ee.
l aaurd empiray (sthanapann)	1904 ee.
l aaurd karzan	1904-05 ee.
l aaurd minto dvitiy	1905-10 ee.
l aaurd hardiangs	1910-16 ee.
l aaurd chaimsaphord	1916-21 ee.
l aaurd ridiang	1921-25 ee.
l aaurd litan dvitiy (sthanapann)
l aaurd iravin	1926-31 ee.
l aaurd viliangadan	1931-34 ee.
sar j aaurj stenale	1934 ee.
l aaurd linalithago	1934-37 ee.
vairan vrevarn (sthanapann)	1938 ee.
l aaurd linalithago	1938-43 ee.
l aaurd vevel	1943-47 ee.
l aaurd mauntabeten	1947 ee.
aangrez janaral evan vayasarayoan se sambandhit kary
varen hestiangs	revenyoo, faujadari v apili nyayalayoan ki sthapana
l aaurd karnavalis	sthayi bhoomi bandobast
l aaurd velejali	sahayak sandhi pranali
viliyam baiantik	sati pratha ki samapti
charls metakaph	pres par pratibandh ki samapti
l aaurd elanabaro	sindh ka vilay
l aaurd dalahauzi	rel, adhunik dak, tar v pi. dablyoo. di. ki sthapana
l aaurd kainiang	kalakatta, bambee v madras vishvavidyalay ki sthapana
l aaurd litan	dilli darabar, varnakyoolar pres ekt, arms ekt
l aaurd ripan	pratham karakhana adhiniyam, ilbart bil
l aaurd karzan	bangal vibhajan, prachin smarak sanrakshan qanoon, bharatiy vishvavidyalay qanoon
l aaurd minto dvitiy	prithak nirvachan kshetr ki vyavastha
l aaurd hardiang	bharat ki rajadhani kalakatta se dilli sthanaantarit
l aaurd chemsaphord	raulet ekt, jaliyaanvala bag htyakand
l aaurd iravin	gaandhi iravin samajhauta (1931 ee.)
l aaurd viliangadan	kamyoonal avard (1932 ee.)
l aaurd linalithago	prantiy chunav
l aaurd vevel	shimala sammelan, kaibinet mishan, sanvidhan sabha ki sthapana
l aaurd mauntabeten	bharat vibhajan evan bharat ki svatantrata

gavarnar-janaral (jab vah vaisar aauy hua karata tha, 1858 se 1947 ee. tak) 'eksileansi' ki shaili prayog kiya karate the. bharat mean any sabhi sarakari adhikariyoan par unaka varchasv hua karata tha. unhean 'yor eksileansi' se sambodhit kiya jata tha, tatha unake liye 'hiz eksileansi' ka prayog kiya jata tha. 1858-1947 ee. ke kal mean gavarnar-janaral ko freanch bhasha se 'r aauy' yani raja, aur 'vais' aangrezi se 'up', yani inhean milakar 'vaisar aauy' kaha jata tha. inaki patniyoan ko 'vaisarain' ke nam se sambodhit kiya gaya. unake liye 'har eksileansi', evan unhean 'yor eksileansi' kahakar sambodhit kiya jata tha. parantu jis samay briten ke maharaja bharat mean hote the, us samay yah upadhiyaan prayog nahian ki jati thian. adhikaansh gavarnar-janaral evan vaisar aauy piyar the, jo nahian the, unamean sar j aaun shor baironat evan k aaurd viliyam baiantik l aaurd the, kyoanki ve ek dyook ke putr the. keval pratham aur aantim gavarnar-janaral varen hestiangs tatha chakravarti rajagopalachari, aur kuchh asthayi gavarnar-janaral ko koee vishesh upadhi prapt nahian thi.

svadhin bharat mean gavarnar-janaral

bharat ke svadhin hone par shri rajagopalachary gavarnar-janaral ke pad par 25 janavari, 1950 tak rahe. usake bad 26 janavari, 1950 ko bharat ke ganatantr ban jane par gavarnar-janaral ka pad samapt kar diya gaya. l aaurd viliyam baiantik bangal mean fort viliyam ka antim gavarnar-janaral tha. vahian phir 1833 ee. ke chartar ekt ke anusar bharat ka pratham gavarnar-janaral bana. l aaurd kainiang 1858 ke bharatiy shasan vidhan ke anusar pratham vaisaray tha, tatha l aaurd linalithago antim vaisaray. l aaurd mauntabetan hindustan mean samrat ka antim pratinidhi tha.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh