गोबी मरुस्थल

[[chitr:Gobi-Desert.jpg|thumb|250px|gobi marusthal, mangoliya]] gobi marusthal eshiya mahadvip mean mangoliya ke adhikaansh bhag par phaila hua hai. yah marusthal sansar ke sabase marusthaloan mean se ek hai. 'gobi' ek mangoliyan shabd hai, jisaka arth hota hai- 'jalarahit sthan'. ajakal gobi maroosthal ek registan hai, lekin prachinakal mean yah aisa nahian tha. is kshetr ke bich-bich mean samriddhashali bharatiy bastiyaan basi huee thian. gobi marusthal pashchim mean pamir ki poorvi paha diyoan se lekar poorv mean khiangan parvatamalaoan tak tatha uttar mean altaee, khangaee tatha yablonoee parvatamalaoan se lekar dakshin mean altain tatha nanashan paha diyoan tak phaila hai. is marusthal ka pashchimi bhag tarim besin ka hi ek hissa hai.

vibhajan

yah sansar ka paanchavaan b da aur eshiya ka sabase vishal registan hai. sahara registan ki bhaanti hi is registan ko bhi tin bhagoan mean vibhakt kiya ja sakata hai-

1. takala makan registan
2. alashan registan
3. muas ya ordis registan

bhaugolik sthitiyaan

gobi registan ka adhikatar bhag retila n hokar chattani hai. yahaan registan ki jalavayu mean tezise badalav hota hai. yahaan n keval salabhar tapaman bahut jaldi-jaldi badalata hai, balki 24 ghantoan mean hi tapaman mean vyapak parivartan bhi a jata hai. gobi registan mean varsha ki ausat matra 50 se 100 mi.mi. hai. yahaan adhikatar varsha garmi ke mausam mean hi hoti hai. registan mean adhikatar nadiyaan barish ke mausam mean hi bahati haian.[[chitr:Gobi-Desert-1.jpg|thumb|250px|left|gobi marusthal, mangoliya]] at: keval varsha rritu mean hi nadi mean pani rahata hai. nikatavarti parvatoan se jal dharaean registan ki shushk bhoomi mean sama jati haian. yahaan kashthiy v sookha pratirodhi gunoan vale saikasol namak paudhe bahutayat mean milate haian. lagabhag patti vihin yah paudha aise kshetroan mean bhi ug ata hai, jahaan ki ret asthir hoti hai. apane is vishesh gun ke karan yah paudha bhoo-ksharan ko rokane mean sahayak hota hai. gobi registan 'bekitariyan ooant', jinake do koobad hote haian, ka avas sthal mana jata hai. kachhu jaganli kism ke gadhe bhi yahaan paye jate haian. sansar ke registan ke vishesh bhaloo isi registan mean pae jate haian. in bhaloooan ki prajati 'mazalaee' athava 'gobi' ab lupt hone ke kagar par pahuanch chuki hai. isake atirikt yahaan jangali gho de, gilahari v chhote kad ke barahasiange bhi paye jat haian.

vistar

sansar ke b de marusthaloan mean se ek gobi ka marusthal, jisaka vistar uttar se dakshin mean lagabhag 600 mil tatha poorv se pashchim mean lagabhag 1000 mil hai, tibbat tatha altaee parvatamalaoan ke bich chhichhale gart ke roop mean vidyaman hai. isaki prakritik bhoo-rachana dhaloo maidan ke saman hai, jisake charoan taraf parvatiy ooanchaiyaan haian. katav tatha sanksharan kriyaoan ke prabal hone se yah marusthal apani vishisht bhoorachana ke liye prasiddh hai. sookhi huee nadiyoan ki talahatiyaan tatha jhiloan ke tatoan par ooanchaee par sthit jal ke nishan yahaan ki jalavayu mean parivartan ke praman haian.

sabhyata avashesh

prachin kalin vibhinn sabhyataoan ke dyotak bhagnavashesh bhi is marusthal mean pae jate haian. yahaan garmi bahut zyada aur tez p dati hai tatha garmi mean ausat tapaman 45° se 65° sean. tatha ja de ka tap 15° sean. tak rahata hai. yahaan par kabhi-kabhi barf ke toofan tatha ushn baloo mishrit toofan bhi ate haian. yahaan ki vanaspatiyoan mean ghas tatha kaantedar jha diyaan mukhy roop se paee jati haian. jal ka yahaan pray: abhav hi rahata hai. karavaan margoan par 10 mil se 40 mil ki doori par kuean pae jate haian.

jiv-jantu

[[chitr:Gobi-Desert-2.jpg|thumb|250px|gobi marusthal, mangoliya]] is marusthal ke poorvi bhag mean jahaan dakshin-pashchim manasoon se kuchh varsha ho jati hai, vahaan tho di khetiba di hoti hai, evan bhe d, bakariyaan tatha any pashu pale jate haian. uttari-pashchimi simavarti kshetroan mean bhi bhe d bakariyaan pali jati haian. soodoor uttar mean kuchh jangal haian. uttar mean orakhan tatha usaki sahayak nadiyoan ki ghatiyoan mean chini bastiyaan haian. abadi bahut hi viral hai. mangol yahaan ki mukhy jati hai. uttar tatha dakshin ke ghas ke maidanoan mean adivasi log haian, jo khanabadoshoan ka jivan vyatit karate haian. karavaan marg adhikaansh poorv se pashchim disha mean haian, jin par chini vyapari kap de, joote, chay, tanbakoo, oon, cham de tatha samoor adi ka vyapar karate haian.

bharatiy sanskriti ke avashesh

gobi marusthal mean 'sar aurel ston' dvara puratattvik khudaee mean bauddh stoopoan, viharoan, bauddh evan hindoo devataoan ki moortiyaan, bahut si paandulipiyaan tatha bharatiy bhashaoan evan varnaksharoan mean bahut se alekhoan ke avashesh prapt hue haian. in avasheshoan ke bich ghoomate hue sar aurel ko yah anubhav hone laga tha ki, ve panjab ke kisi prachin gaanv mean ghoom rahe haian. 7vian shatabdi mean suprasiddh chini yatri hven tsaang isi gobi maroosthal ke raste se hi bharat mean aya aur phir chin vapas gaya. use is kshetr mean bauddh dharm aur bharatiy sanskriti ka pradhany dikhaee diya. jyoan-jyoan is kshetr mean registan badhata gaya, tyoan-tyoan yahaan par bharatiy sanskriti ke kendr vilupt hote gaye.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh