चाणक्य नीति- अध्याय 5
[[chitr:chanakya_niti_f.jpg|thumb|250px|chanaky niti]]
adhyay 5
- doha --
abhyagat sabako guru, nari guru pati jan .
dvijan agni guru charihooan, varanh vipr guru man ॥1॥
arth -- brahman, kshatriy tatha vaishy in tinoan ka guru agni hai. uparyukt charo varnoan ka guru brahman hai, stri ka guru usaka pati hai aur sansar matr ka guru atithi hai.
- doha --
agitap ghasi kati piti, suvaranh lakh vidhi chari .
tyagashil gun karm timi, charihi purush vichari ॥2॥
arth -- jaise ragadane se, katane se, tapane se aur pitane se, in char upayoan se suvarn ki pariksha ki jati hai, usi prakar tyag, shil, gun aur karm, in char batoan se manushy ki pariksha hoti hai.
- doha --
jaulauan bhay avai nahian, taulauan dare vichar .
aye shanka chhadi ke, chahiy kinh prahar ॥3॥
arth -- bhay se tabhi tak daro, jab tak ki vah tumhare pas tak n a jay. aur jan a hi jay to daro nahian balki use nirbhik bhav se mar bhagane ki koshish karo.
- doha --
ekahi garbh nakshatr mean, jayaman yadi hoy .
nahian shil sam hot hai, ber kaant sam hoy ॥4॥
arth -- ek pet se aur ek hi nakshatr mean utpann hone se kisi ka shil ek sa nahian ho jata. udaharan svaroop ber ke kaantoan ko dekho.
- doha --
nahi nisprih adhikar gahu, bhooshan nahian nihakam .
nahian achatur priy bol nahian, banchak saf kalam ॥5॥
arth -- nisprih manushy kabhi adhikari nahian ho sakata. vasana se shuny manushy shrriangar ka premi nahian ho sakata. jad manushy kabhi mithi vani nahian bol sakata aur saph-saph bat karane vala dhokhebaj nahian hota.
- doha --
moorakh dveshi panditahian, dhanahinahian dhanavanh .
parakiya svakiyahu ka, vidhava subhaga jan ॥6॥
arth -- moorkhoan ke pandit shatru hote haian. daridroan ke shatru dhani hote haian. kulavati striyoan ke shatru veshyayean hoti haian aur sundar manushyoan ke shatru kuroop hote hai.
- doha --
alas te vidya nashai, dhan auran ke hath .
alp bij se khet aru, dal dalapati binu sath ॥7॥
arth -- alasy se vidya, paraye hath mean gaya dhan, bij mean kami karane se kheti aur senapati vihin sena nasht ho jati hai.
- doha --
kul shilahian te dhariye, vidya kari abhyas .
gunate janahian shreshth kahan, nayanahian kop nivas ॥8॥
arth -- abhyas se vidya ki aur shil se kul ki raksha hoti hai. gun se manushy pahichana jata hai aur aankhean dekhane se krodh ka pata lag jata hai.
- doha --
vidya rakshit yog te, mriduta se bhoopal .
rakshit geh sutiy te, dhan te dharm vishal ॥9॥
arth -- dhan se dharm ki, yog se vidya ki, komalata se raja ki aur achchhi stri se ghar ki raksha hoti hai.
- doha --
ved shastr achar au, shastrahuan aur prakar .
jo kahate lahate vritha, log kalesh apar ॥10॥
arth -- ved ko, pandity ko, shastr ko, sadachar ko aur ashant manushy ko jo log badanam karana chahata haian, ve vyarth kasht karate haian.
- soratha --
darid nashan dan, shil durgatihian nashiyat .
budhdi nash ajna, bhay nashat hai bhavana ॥11॥
arth -- dan daridrata ko nasht karata hai, shil duravastha ko nasht kar deta hai, budhdi ajnan ko nasht kar deti hai aur vichar bhay ko nasht kar diya karata hai.
- soratha --
vyadhi n kam saman, ripu nahian doojo moh sam .
agni kop se an, nahian jnan se sukh pare ॥12॥
arth -- kam ke saman koee rog nahian hai, moh (ajnan) ke saman shatru nahian hai, krodh ke saman aur koee agni nahian hai aur jnan se badhakar aur koee sukh nahian hai.
- soratha --
janm mrityu lahu ek, bhogai hai ik shubh ashubh .
narak jat hai ek, lahat ek hi muktipad ॥13॥
arth -- sansar ke manushyoan mean se ek manushy janm maran ke chakkar mean padata hai, ek apane shubhashubh karmoan ka phal bhogata hai ek narak mean ja girata hai aur ek param pad ko prapt kar leta hai.
- doha --
brahmajnanihian svargatrin, zid indriy trinanar .
shoorahian trin hai jivani, nisprih kahan sansar ॥14॥
arth -- brahmajnani ke liye svarg tinake ke saman hai. bahadur ke lie jivan trin ke saman hai jitendriy ko nari aur nisprih ke lie sara sansar trin ke saman hai.
- doha --
vidya mitr videsh mean, ghar tiy mit saprit .
rogihi aushadh aru mare, dharm hot hai mit ॥15॥
arth -- paradesh mean vidya mitr hai, ghar mean stri mitr hai. rogi ko aushadhi mitr hai aur mare hue manushy ka dharm mitr hai.
- doha --
vyarthahian vrishti samudr mean, triptahian bhojan dan .
dhanikahian denoan vyarth hai, vyarth dip dinaman ॥16॥
arth -- samudr mean varsha vyarth hai. tript ko bhojan vyarth hai. dhanadhy ko dan dena vyarth aur din ke samay dipak jalana vyarth hai.
- doha --
doojo jal nahian megh sam, bal nahian atm saman .
nahian prakash hai nain sam, priy anaj sam an ॥17॥
arth -- megh jal ke saman uttam aur koee jal nahian hota. atmabal ke saman aur koee bal nahian hai. netr ke saman kisi mean tej nahian hai aur ann ke saman priy koee vastu nahian hai.
- doha --
adhani dhan ko chahate, pashu chahe vachal .
nar chahat hai svarg ko, suragan mukti vishal ॥18॥
arth -- daridr manushy dhan chahate haian. chaupaye vani chahate haian. manushy svarg chahatean haian aur devata log moksh chahate haian.
- doha --
satyahi te ravi tapat haian, satyahian par bhuvabhar .
chale pavanahoo saty te, satyahian sab adhar ॥19॥
arth -- saty ke adhar par prithvi ruki hai. saty ke sahare soory bhagavanh sansar ko garmi pahuanchate haian. saty ke hi bal par vayu vahata hai. kahane ka matalab yah ki sab kuchh saty mean hi hai.
- doha --
chal lakshmi au pranahoo, aur jivika dham .
mah chalachal jagath mean, achal dharm abhiram ॥20॥
arth -- lakshmi chanchal hai, pran bhi chanchal hi hai, jivan tatha ghar dvar bhi chanchal hai aur kahaan tak kahean yah sara sansar chanchal hai, bas dharm keval achal aur atal hai.
- doha --
nar mean naee dhoort hai, malin nari lakhahian .
chaupayan mean syar hai, vayas pakshin mahian ॥21॥
arth -- manushyoan mean naoo, pakshiyoan mean kaua, chaupayoan mean syar aur striyoan mean malin, ye sab dhoort hote haian.
- doha --
pitu acharaj janm pad, bhay rakshak jo koy .
vidya data paanch yah, manuj pita sam hoy ॥22॥
arth -- sansar mean pita paanch prakar ke hote haian. ऎse ki janm dene vala, vidyadata, yajnopavit adi sanskar karane vala, ann denevala aur bhay se bachanevala.
- doha --
rajatiy au guru tiy, mitratiyahoo jan .
nijamata aur sasu ye, paanchoan matu saman ॥23॥
arth -- usi tarah mata bhi paanch hi tarah ki hoti haian. jaise raja ki patni, guru ki patni, mitr ki patni, apani stri ki mata aur apani khas mata.
- iti chanakye panchamoadhyayah ॥5॥
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh