चाय

chay
chay|200px|center
vivaran	chay ek mahattvapoorn pey padarth hai aur sansar ke adhikaansh log ise pasand karate haian. chay mulayam evan nayi patti, band vanaspatik kali adi se taiyar ki jati hai.
itihas	chay ke paudhe ka utpadan bharat mean pahali bar sanh 1834 mean aangrez sarakar dvara parikshan ke roop mean vyaparik paimane par kiya gaya tha. sanh 350 mean chay pine ki paranpara ka pahala ullekh milata hai. sanh 1610 mean dach vyapari chin se chay yoorop le ge aur dhire-dhire ye samoochi duniya ka priy pey ban gaya.
tainin ki matra	chay ki tazi pattiyoan mean tainin ki matra 25.1% payi jati hai, jabaki sansadhit pattiyoan mean tainin ki matra 13.3% tak hoti hai.
krishi	chay ko aktoobar-navambar mean boya jata hai tatha pattiyaan chunane ka mausam varsh mean tin se char bar chalata hai. chay ke lie nyoonatam varsha 125 se 150 semi hona chahie tatha tapaman 21°C se 27°C tak upayukt hota hai.
mukhy utpadan rajy	bharat mean chay ke mukhy utpadan rajy asam, pashchim bangal, tripura, uttar pradesh, himachal pradesh, tamilanadu, karnatak aur keral haian.
pramukh niryatak desh	bharat, shrilanka, kiniya, chin, indoneshiya
vishesh	bharat se chay ka niryat vishv ke 80 se adhik deshoan ko kiya jata hai, jinamean mukhyatah briten, jarmani, ayaralaind, roos, misr, afaganistan, eeran, kanada, nidaralaind, astreliya, sanyukt rajy amarika, sanyukt arab ganarajy, irak, kuvait, nyoojilaind, turki adi deshoan ko hota hai.
any janakari	vishv mean chay ke utpadan mean bharat ka pahala sthan hai. vishv utpadan ka 27 pratishat aur vishv ke niryat ka 11 pratishat bharat se prapt hota hai.
bahari k diyaan	ti bord bharat

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chay (aangrezi:Tea) ek mahattvapoorn pey padarth hai aur sansar ke adhikaansh log ise pasand karate haian. chay mulayam evan nayi patti, band vanaspatik kali adi se taiyar ki jati hai. chay mean mukhyatah kaifin ka aansh paya jata hai. isaki tazi pattiyoan mean tainin ki matra 25.1% payi jati hai, jabaki sansadhit pattiyoan mean tainin ki matra 13.3% tak hoti hai. sarvottam chay kaliyoan se banayi jati hai. chay ki kheti mean 'lal kitt' tatha 'shaival' janit 'chitti rog' ka prakop hota hai. chay ke lie nyoonatam varsha 125 se 150 semi hona chahie tatha tapaman 21°C se 27°C tak upayukt hota hai. vishv mean chay ke utpadan mean bharat ka pahala sthan hai. vishv utpadan ka 27 pratishat aur vishv ke niryat ka 11 pratishat bharat se prapt hota hai.

itihas

chay ke paudhe ka utpadan bharat mean pahali bar sanh 1834 mean aangrez sarakar dvara parikshan ke roop mean vyaparik paimane par kiya gaya tha. yadyapi jangali avastha mean yah asam mean pahale se hi paida hoti thi. ianglaind ko isaka niryat asam ki chay kampani dvara kiya gaya. sanh 1815 mean kuchh aangrez yatriyoan ka dhyan asam mean ugane vali chay ki jha diyoan par gaya, jisase sthaniy qabaili log ek pey banakar pite the. bharat ke gavarnar-janaral l aaurd baiantik ne 1834 mean chay ki paranpara bharat mean shuroo karane aur usaka utpadan karane ki sanbhavana talash karane ke lie ek samiti ka gathan kiya. isake bad 1835 mean asam mean chay ke bag lagae ge. kahate haian ki ek din chin ke samrat 'shain nuang' ke samane rakhe garm pani ke pyale mean, kuchh sookhi pattiyaan akar girian, jinase pani mean rang aya aur jab unhoanne usaki chuski li to unhean usaka svad bahut pasand aya. bas yahian se shuroo hota hai chay ka safar. ye bat eesa se 2737 sal pahale ki hai. sanh 350 mean chay pine ki paranpara ka pahala ullekh milata hai. sanh 1610 mean dach vyapari chin se chay yoorop le ge aur dhire-dhire ye samoochi duniya ka priy pey ban gaya.

bhaugolik dashaean

chay ki kheti ke lie jin bhaugolik dashaoan ka dhyan rakha jata hai, vah is prakar haian-[[chitr:Tea-Factory-4.jpg|thumb|left|250px|karakhane mean rakhi sookhi chay, ooti]]

tapaman

chay chhaya priy paudha hai, jo halki chhaya mean b di tivragati se badhata hai. isake lie masik tapaman 22° se 34° ke bich upayukt mane ge haian. jab uchchatam tapaman 28° seantigred se niche gir jata hai ya ausat nyoonatam tapaman 18° seantigred se niche ho jata hai, to isaki vriddhi rook jati hai. asam mean 37° seantigred tapaman vale bhagoan mean bhi chay ka utpadan kiya jata hai. thandi pavanean aur ole chay ke lie hanikarak hote haian.

varsha

chay utpadan ke lie ardr jalavayu upayukt mani jati hai. yadi basant evan shit rritu mean varsha ho jae to chay ki pattiyoan ko varsh mean 4-5 bar to da ja sakata hai. varsha ka ausat 150-180 sentimitar hona chahie. isaka utpadan asam ke paha di bhagoan mean 125 se 375 sentimitar tak mean tatha darjiliang mean 250 se 500 sentimitar tak varsha vale bhagoan mean bhi hota hai. dakshin bharat mean chay kshetroan mean bhi varsha hoti hai. chay ke paudhe ke vikas ke lie j doan mean jal ka ekatrit hona hanikarak hota hai. isalie chay ke udyan samudr tal se 610 se 1,830 mitar ooanche paha di dhaloan par hi milate haian. himalay ka dakshini dhal evan pashchimi ghat ke pashchimi dhal sooryonmukhi haian aur adhik tap evan jalavrishti donoan hi prapt karate haian. isake atirikt yah dhal dhruvoan ki shital havaoan se surakshit rahata hai. atah in dhaloan par chay ka utpadan kiya jata hai.

mitti evan khad

chay ka utpadan paha doan ke dhaloan par ya dhalavaan bhoomi par bhi kiya ja sakata hai. yadi varsha ke atirikt jal bahane ki suvidha ho. bharat ke sarvattam chay ke udyan asam v meghalay ke halke dhaloo paha di bhagoan par, jo ki 1200 se 1800 mitar ooanchaee tak hai, par pae jate haian. isake lie mitti gahari aur gandhak vali hani chahie. bahudha vanoan ki saf ki gayi bhoomi chay ke lie achchhi mani jati hai. upajaoo, mulayam, baluee mitti mean yadi pranij athava rasayanik tattvoan ka adhiky ho to achchhi chay paida hoti hai. asam ke udyanoan mean chay ki jhadi़yoan ke chhaantane se jo tahaniyaan girati haian, unhean bhoomi mean phir se rop diya jata hai. isase mitti ko vanaspati tattv upalabdh hote rahate haian, darjiliang ki chay isalie sugandhit hoti hai, kyoanki vahaan ki mitti mean potash aur ph aausphoras adhik matra mean paya jata hai.

saste shramik

chay ki chunaee ke lie saste aur adhik matra mean shramikoan ki avashyakata p dati hai, kyoanki chay ki pattiyaan ek-ek kar to di jati haian, jinase komal pattiyaan nasht na hoan. apani komal aanguliyoan ke karan hi chay ke udyanoan mean stri mazadoor dvara pattiyaan to di jati haian. ab pattiyaan to dane ke lie dayanamoan se chalane vali mashinoan ka bhi prachalan ho gaya hai.

chay ki krishi

[[chitr:View-Of-Assam.jpg|thumb|250px|asam ke bagan mean chay ki pattiyaan chunati l dakiyaan]] chay ko aktoobar-navambar mean boya jata hai tatha pattiyaan chunane ka mausam varsh mean tin se char bar chalata hai. pahali bar aprail se joon tak, doosari bar julaee se agast tak aur tisari bar sitambar se aktoobar tak. paudhoan ko pahale chhoti kyariyoan mean ugaya jata hai. phir kuchh b da hone par anyatr rop diya jata hai. samay-samay par jha di ki chhantaee ki jati hai, jisase komal pattiyaan milati haian tatha jha di 1.5 mitar se adhik ooanchi nahian hone se patti chunane mean suvidha rahati hai. bharat mean chay ka prati hektear utpadan achchhe se achchhe udyan mean bhi 1800 kilogram se adhik nahian hai. desh mean kshetravar prati hektear utpadan is prakar hai- asam 1537, pashchim bangal 1411, tripura 623, uttar pradesh 382, himachal pradesh 132, tamilanadu 2002 karnatak 1886 aur keral 1484 . sampoorn bharat ka ausat ab badhakar 1800 kilogram ho gaya hai. uttar bharat ka 1800 kilogram aur dakshini bharat ka 2000 kilogram ho gaya hai. isase bhi chay utpadan mean vriddhi ho saki hai. bharat mean chay ke utpadak kshetr ek doosare se door-door haian. unaki mitti tatha jalavayu bhi ek doosare se bhinn hai, atah chay ki kismoan mean bhi antar hota hai. asam ki chay apani tej sugandh aur rang ke lie prasiddh hai, parantu pashchim bangal ke darjiliang kshetr mean paida hone vali chay bahut susvad aur madak hoti hai. dakshini bharat, visheshatah nilagiri aur kananadevaans kshetr, mean paida hone vali chay apani rang, madakata aur sugandh ke lie prasiddh hai. darjiliang ki chay n keval bharat mean hi varanh vishvabhar mean shreshth mani jati hai. is samay chay bharat ki pramukh mudradayini fasal hai, jisake niryat se bharat ko 1960-1961 mean 124 karo d rupe tatha 2007-2008 mean 2034 karo d rupaye ki videshi mudra prapt huee. vibhinn karoan ke roop mean sarakar ko 40 se 50 karo d rupaye ki ay hoti hai. chay paida karane mean lagabhag 10 lakh shramik lage hue haian, jinamean se 4 lakh se adhik to asam ke udyanoan mean hi karyarat hai.

prakar

chay ki kism ke anusar do prakar ki chay hoti hai-

1. chini kism - isaki jha di dedh se do mitar ooanchi hoti hai tatha pattiyaan kathor aur gahare rang ki 4 se 7 sentimitar lambi hoti haian. isaka prati hektear utpadan kam hota hai.
2. asam kism - isaki jha di 1.0 se 1.5 mitar ooanchi hoti hai tatha pattiyaan adhik mulayam aur halki hare rang tatha 1.5 se 3.0 sentimitar lambi hoti hai.

bharat mean pratyek udyan ke nikat hi chay taiyar karane ke lie phaiktari hoti hai, jahaan bhinn-bhinn dhang se hari ya kali chay taiyar dibboan mean paik ki jati hai. [[chitr:Tea-Factory-3.jpg|thumb|250px|left|chay karakhana, ooti]]

jalavayu kshetr

1. ushn jalavayu ki chay kshetroan ke antargat nilagiri paha diyaan, tamilanadu, tatha himalay ke dakshini dhal sammilit kie jate haian. yahaan jo chay paida ki jati hai, use 'ushn jalavayu' vali chay kaha jata hai. in kshetroan mean sadharan kism ki chay adhik hoti hai.
2. shital jalavayu ki chay poorvi himalay ki poorvi paha diyoan par asam mean vishesh roop se paida ki jati hai. sadharanatah yah 1200 se 1820 mitar tak ki ooanchaee par paida ki jati hai. uttamata ki drishti se yah madhyam shreni ki hoti hai.
3. shitoshn jalavayu ki chay uttarakhand ke kumayooan, deharadoon; himachal pradesh ke mandi, kaang da ghati evan pashchim bangal ke paha di dhaloan ki madhyavarti bhoomi par utpann ki jati hai. darjiliang, kumayooan, kaang da adi ziloan mean 2000 mitar tak ki ooanchaee par chay paida ki jati hai. is kshetr ka utpadan kam hota hai, kintu chay uttam prakar ki hoti hai. desh mean 13,256 chay ke udyan haian. asam mean chay ke 770 udyan, pashchim bangal mean 302, himachal pradesh mean 1385, uttarakhand mean 31, tripura mean 57, tamilanadu mean 6568, keral mean 4112 tatha karnatak mean 15 udyan haian. vartaman mean chay ke antargat 0.5 miliyan hektear bhoomi hai.

utpadak kshetr

thumb|250px|chay karakhana bharat mean chay ke kshetr himalay ke sampoorn paha di pradesh mean evan himachal pradesh aur panjab se prayaddhipiy bharat tak mean, arthath 330 uttari akshaanshoan se 100 uttari akshaanshoan ke bich, paye jate hai. chay utpadak pramukh mekhala mean 23° uttar aur 32° uttar akshaanshoan ke bich hi kendrit hai. kul kshetr 75 pratishat uttar poorvi bharat mean hai, jahaan se kul utpadan ka lagabhag 70 pratishat prapt hota hai. dakshin bharat mean kul kshetr ka 20 pratishat hai, jahaan se 25 pratishat utpadan milata hai. shesh 5 pratishat kshetr uttar aur uttar pashchimi bharat mean haian, jahaan se kul utpadan ka 5 pratishat prapt hota hai. uttar-poorvi bharat mean chay ka utpadan ek trikonatmak kshetr se prapt hota hai, jo 'darjiliang' (pashchim bangal), 'sadiya' (asam), aur 'chatagaanv' (baangladesh) mean vistrit hai. is trikon ke pramukh chay utpadak kshetr nimn haian-

1. brahmaputr nadi ki ghati, jahaan lagabhag 676 chay ke udyan haian aur asam ke kul chay ke kshetr ka 40 pratishat evan utpadan ka lagabhag 44 pratishat milata hai. yahaan mukhy utpadak sadiya se gopalapa da zile tak phaile haian, jinamean lakhimapur, shivasagar, dharaang, kamaroop, golapa da aur navagaanv zile haian. yahaan chay brahmaputr nadi ke uttari kinaroan par 450 mitar ki ooanchaee tak paida ki jati hai. bhoomi dhaloo hone ke karan atirikt jal bahakar chala jata hai. varsha ki matra ghati mean 400 sentimitar, damadama aur dibroog d mean 250 aur 225 sentimitar hoti hai. tapaman julaee mean 310 se 370 tak rahata hai. yah kabhi bhi 100 se niche nahian jata hai. pala kabhi nahian girata. adhikaansh utpadan julaee se navambar tak kiya jata hai, lagabhag 80 pratishat.
2. surama ghati mean kachhar zile mean tiloan par chay ke udyan sthit haian. yahaan janavari mean tapaman 10°C se julaee mean 32°C tak rahate haian tatha varsha ki matra 300 se 400 sentimitar tak hoti hai. yahaan kul chay ke kshetr ka 9 pratishat hai, jabaki utpadan kul 5 pratishat hota hai.
3. duar ke antargat ek 16 kilomitar lambi patti mean, jo himalay ki talahati mean koochabihar aur jalapaeegu di mean phaili hai, chay kuchh ooanche dhaloan par paida ki jati hai. varsha ki matra 300 sentimitar se adhik hoti hai, kintu dhaloo bhoomi hone ke atirikt jal bahakar chala jata hai. yahaan ke mukhy utpadak kshetr mal, chasala, nagarakata, madarihat, pashukova, jayanti, katrik aur kumaragram haian. ye sab mechchhi aur rai dak nadiyoan ke bich kshetr mean haian. yahaan se 18 pratishat chay milati hai.
4. darjiliang zile mean chay paha di dhaloan par sidhidar khetoan mean 90 se 1980 mitar ooanchaee tak paida ki jati hai. yahaan varsha ki matra 300 sentimitar tak hoti hai. yahaan chay kee prakar ki mittiyoan, bhoori, baluee, domat se lagakar pili domat mitti, lal bhoori van mitti mean paida ki jati haian. mukhy utpadak zile jalapaeegu di, purooliya aur koochabihar haian.

thumb|250px|left|chay ki pattiyoan ko barasati mahila

any kshetr

uttari bharat mean chay ke any utpadak kshetr nimnalikhit haian-

1. taraee kshetr, jo himalay ki talahati mean uttarakhand evan himachal pradesh mean phaila hai. uttarakhand mean, almo da aur gadhaval zile, himalay aur shivalik parvatoan ke bich, kumayooan, chamoli aur pithauragadh mean chay paida ki jati hai. yahaan ke mukhy udyan patti, benital, silakot, chaandapuramala, mujeti g doli talavari aur jootani haian.
2. jharakhand mean chay ka utpadan chhota nagapur ka pathar, poorniya, hazaribag, aur raanchi ziloan mean simit kshetroan mean kiya jata hai. yahaan nimn shreni ki chay hoti hai.
3. himachal pradesh mean chay ka utpadan kaang da aur mandi ziloan mean hai, yahaan se bharat ki lagabhag 66 pratishat hari chay utpann ki jati hai.
4. dakshin-pashchimi bharat mean chay ka kshetr samanyatah pashchim ghat ke dakshini bhagoan mean simit hai, jo 90 se 130 uttari akshaanshoan ke bich hai. yahaan chay ke udyog ghat ke oopari bhagoan mean lal mitti vale kshetroan mean paye jate haian. yahaan ke tapaman saman roop se ooanche rahate haian tatha varsha ki matra 400 sentimitar tak hoti hai. 40 pratishat chay ka utpadan julaee se navambar ke bich kiya jata hai, shesh aprail se joon tak.

• manipur, tripura, bihar ke kishanaganj aur arunachal pradesh bhi tho di matra mean chay paida karate haian.
• dakshin bharat ke chay udyan keral, tamilanadu aur karnatak rajyoan mean haian. keral mean madhy shravanakor, kananadevans, malabar, dakshini keral, vayanad aur kochchi ziloan mean, tamilanadu me anamalay, nilagiri, vayanad, madurai, kanyakumari, koyambatoor tatha tiroonelavelli ziloan mean aur karnatak mean kurg, shivamogga, kadoor, maisoor, hasan aur chikamangaluroo ziloan mean chay ka utpadan kiya jata hai.
• maharashtr mean ratnagiri, kanara aur satara zilo mean bhi kuchh chay paida ki jati hai.
• bharat mean sarvadhik chay asam evan sudoor poorvi bharat mean utpadit hoti hai, jahaan desh ke utpadan ki 59 pratishat chay utpadit ki jati hai. usake bad pashchim bangal ka sthan ata hai, jahaan desh ke kul utpadan ki lagabhag 21 pratishat chay hoti hai. shesh 20 pratishat mean any rajyoan ka sthan ata hai, jinamean dakshin bharat ke keral tatha tamil nadu ka pramukh sthan hai, shesh rajyoan mean karnatak, uttarakhand tatha himachal pradesh mean chay ugayi jati hai.

utpadan evan vyapar

[[chitr:Tea-Factory-2.jpg|thumb|250px|ooti ke ek karakhane mean chay chhanane ki prakriya]] bharat se chay ka niryat vishv ke 80 se adhik deshoan ko kiya jata hai, jinamean mukhyatah briten, jarmani, ayaralaind, roos, misr, afaganistan, eeran, kanada, nidaralaind, astreliya, sanyukt rajy amarika, sanyukt arab ganarajy, irak, kuvait, nyoojilaind, turki adi deshoan ko hota hai. kul niryat ka lagabhag 40 pratishat si.aee.es. deshoan ko jata hai. chay ka yah niryat kolakata, mumbee, kochchi, chennee aur mangalaur bandaragahoan se hota hai. desh ke utpadan ke lagabhag 25 pratishat niryat kiya jata hai. desh mean 75 pratishat chay khap jati hai, kyoanki desh mean pichhale char dashakoan mean chay ki khapat mean nirantar vriddhi huee hai. atah kul utpadan ke pratishat ke roop mean niryat mean kami huee hai. phir bhi bharat mean chay ki khapat prati vyakti pichhe kam hi hai. sanyukt rajy amarika mean 0.4 kilogram chay prati vyakti pichhe pi jati hai, ianglaind mean 3.5 kilogram, nidaralaind mean 3.9 kilogram, astreliya mean 1.8 kilogram chay pi jati hai. bharat mean yah ausat 1955-1956 mean 362 gram tha, jo vartaman mean 603 gram ho gaya hai. bharat mean chay ka niryat antarashtriy drishti se gir raha hai. 1955 mean bharat ka chay niryat mean hissa 37.8 pratishat tha, jo vartaman mean girakar 11.7 pratishat rah gaya hai. isaka karan chin, indoneshiya, baangladesh aur shrilanka se bhari pratiyogita tatha bharatiy chay ke paramparagat grahak deshoan gret-briten aur roos se chay ki lagatar kam hoti maang hai.
pahale bharatiy chay ke niryat mean briten ka pramukh sthan tha, kintu sabase adhik chay si.aee.es. deshoan v poorvi yoorop ke deshoan sanyukt rajy amerika, japan adi deshoan ko niryat ki jati hai. usake bad briten ka sthan ata hai. isake bad ee.si.em. ke desh v kanada ate haian.

chay ka utpadan

chay ka utpadan, khapat evan vyapar (matra : miliyan kilogram; mooly : karo d ru.)

utpadan	niryat	ayat	ghareloo khapat
varsh matra 1997 -98 835.64 1998-99 854.78 1999 835.35 2000-01 848.36 2001-02 847.25 2002-03 845.97 2003-04 878.65 2004-05 906.84 2005-06 948.94 2006-07 947-12 2007-08 ( aprॅl-navambar) 805.18	matra mooly 211.26 2003.15 205.86 2191.84 194.44 1932.66 203.55 1889.78 19.00 1695.78 184.4 1665.04 183.07 1636.99 205.81 1924.71 196.67 1793.58 218.15 2045.72 100.87 998.68	matra mooly 2.61 17.79 8.93 64.73 10.36 61.97 15.23 95.47 16.02 82.70 22.49 105.32 11.34 66.23 32.53 145.15 17.41 102.77 20.78 110.88 11.80 76.18	matra 597 615 633 653 673 693 714 735 757 771

vishv vitaran

thumb|250px|chay ke bagan mean kam karate kuchh log vishv mean lagabhag 26 lakh hekteyar bhoomi par chay ki krishi ki jati hai. vishv mean isaka varshik utpadan 20 lakh tan hai. chay utpadak deshoan mean bharat, shrilanka, chin, japan adi pramukh haian. any deshoan mean roos, jarjiya, turki, kiniya, malavi, yugaanda tatha mojambik pramukh utpadak desh haian. bharat lagabhag 4 lakh hekteyar bhoomi mean phaile lagabhag 1300 baganoan se 7000 lakh kigra chay prativarsh utpadan ka lagabhag 50% akele asam mean utpadit kiya jata hai. asam mean brahmaputr ghati, soorama ghati tatha sadiya kshetr mukhy chay utpadak kshetr haian. doosare sthan par pashchim bangal hai- yahaan darjiliang aur jalapaeegu di zile pramukh utpadak kshetr haian. dakshini bharat mean pramukh chay utpadak rajy kramashah tamilanadu, keral, karnatak adi hai. yahaan nilagiri, annamalaee aur kardemam paha di mukhy utpadak kshetr haian.

pramukh niryatak desh

1. bharat
2. shrilanka
3. kiniya
4. chin
5. indoneshiya
6. baangladesh adi.

chay ke prakar

mote taur par chay do tarah ki hoti hai :

1. prosesd ya sitisi (kat, tiyar aur karl) ya am chay
2. hari chay (prakritik chay).

sitisi chay (am chay)

thumb|sitisi chay yah vibhinn kanpani ke utpadoan ke tahat bikane vali danedar chay hoti hai, jo amataur par ghar, restaraan aur hotal adi mean istemal ki jati hai. isamean pattoan ko to dakar karl (mo dana) kiya jata hai. phir sukhakar danoan ka roop diya jata hai. is prakriya mean kuchh badalav ate haian. isase chay mean svad aur mahak badh jati hai. lekin yah hari chay jitani achchhi nahian banati aur n hi utani fayademand.

hari chay (grin ti)

thumb|hari chay yah chay ke paudhe ke oopar ke kachche patte se banati hai. sidhe pattoan ko to dakar bhi chay bana sakate haian. isamean prati aksikarak (eanti-aauksideant) sabase zyada hote haian. hari chay kafi fayademand hoti hai, khasakar agar bina doodh aur chini ke pi jae. isamean oorja (kailari) bhi nahian hotian. isi hari chay se ayurvedik (harbal) v karbanik (aaurgenik) adi chay taiyar ki jati hai.

ayurvedik chay (harbal ti)

hari chay mean kuchh j di-bootiyaan masalan tulasi, ashvagandha, ilayachi, dalachini adi mila dete haian to ayurvedik chay taiyar hoti hai. isamean koee ek ya tin-char harb milakar bhi dal sakate haian. yah bazar mean taiyar paiket mean bhi milati hai. yah sardi-khaansi mean kafi fayademand hoti hai, isalie log dava ki tarah bhi isaka prayog karate haian.

jaivik chay (aaurgenik ti)

jis chay ke paudhoan mean kitanashak (pestisaid) aur rasayanik urvarak (phartilaijar) adi nahian dale jate, use aaurgenik chay ya jaivik chay kaha jata hai. yah sehat ke lie zyada fayademand hai.

safed chay (vait ti)

thumb|safed chay kuchh dinoan ki komal pattiyoan se ise taiyar kiya jata hai. isaka halka mitha svad kafi achchha hota hai. isamean kaifin sabase kam aur prati aksikarak (eanti-aauksideant) sabase zyada hote haian. isake ek kap mean sirf 15 miligram kaifin hota hai, jabaki kali chay (blaik ti) ke ek kap mean 40 aur hari chay mean 20 mi.gra. kaifin hota hai.

kali chay (blaik ti)

thumb|kali chay koee bhi chay doodh v chini milae bina pi jae to use kali chay kahate haian. hari chay ya ayurvedik chay ko to amataur par doodh milae bina hi piya jata hai. lekin kisi bhi tarah ki chay ko kali chay ke roop mean pina hi sabase sehatamand hai. tabhi chay ka asali fayada milata hai.

turant chay (iansteant ti)

is shreni mean chay ke chhote-chhote baig ate haian, yani pani mean dalo aur turant chay taiyar. chay ke baig mean tainik esid hota hai. isamean vishanu virodhi (eanti-vayaral) aur jivanu virodhi (eanti-baiktiriyal) gun hote haian. inhian gunoan ki vajah se chay ke baig ko k aausmetiks adi mean bhi prayog kiya jata hai.

niboo ki chay (leman chay)

niboo ki chay sehat ke lie achchhi hoti hai, kyoanki chay ke jin prati aksikarak (eanti-aauksideants) ko sharir avashoshit nahian kar pata, niboo dalane se ve bhi avashoshit ho jate haian.

mashin vali chay

restaraan, daftar, relave steshan, eyaraport adi par amataur par mashin vali chay milati hai. is chay ka koee fayada nahian hota kyoanki isamean kuchh bhi prakritik avastha mean nahian hota.

any chay

ajakal stres riliviang (tanav rahit), rijoovinetiang (kayakalp), slimiang ti v ais ti bhi khoob chalan mean haian. inamean kee tarah ki j di-booti adi milaee jati haian. masalan, bhrami rileks karata hai to dalachini tajagi pradan karati hai aur tulasi hamari pratiraksha pranali ko mazaboot karati hai. isi tarah slimiang ti mean bhi aise tattv hote haian, jo vazan kam karane mean madad karate haian. inase chayapachay dar (metab aaulik ret) tho da badh jata hai, lekin yah sahara bhar hai. sirf isake sahare vazan kam nahian ho sakata. ais ti mean chini kafi hoti hai, isalie ise pine ka koee fayada nahian hai.

chay ke fayade

[[chitr:Tea-Factory-1.jpg|thumb|250px|ooti ke ek karakhane mean chay sookhane ki prakriya]]

• chay mean kaifin aur tainin hote haian, jo uttejak aushadhi hote haian. inase sharir mean phurti ka ahasas hota hai.
• chay mean maujood el-thiyenain namak amino-esid dimag ko zyada sakriy lekin shaant rakhata hai.
• chay mean eantijan hote haian, jo ise eanti-baiktiriyal kshamata pradan karate haian.
• isamean maujood eanti-aauksideant tatv sharir ki pratirodhak kshamata badhate haian aur kee bimariyoan se bachav karate haian.
• chay mean phloraid hota hai, jo haddiyoan ko mazaboot karata hai aur daantoan mean ki da lagane se rokata hai.

chay ke nuqasan

• din bhar mean tin kap se zyada pine se esiditi ho sakati hai.
• lauh tattvoan ko avashoshit karane ki sharir ki kshamata ko kam kar deti hai.
• kaifin hone ke karan chay pine ki lat lag sakati hai.
• zyada pine se khushki a sakati hai.
• pachan mean dikkat ho sakati hai.
• daantoan par dag a sakate haian lekin k aaufi se zyada dag ate haian.
• der rat pine se niand n ane ki samasya ho sakati hai.

chay ki mahatta

thumb|chay|180px

chay ki aushadhiy mahatta

chay ko kaiansar, haee k aaulestr aaul, elarji, yakrit aur dil ki bimariyoan mean fayademand mana jata hai. kee shodh kahate haian ki chay kaiansar v aaurtharaitas (jo doan ka dard) ki rokatham mean bhoomika nibhati hai aur baid k aaulestr aaul (el. di. el.) ko niyantrit karati hai. sath hi, hriday aur yakrit sanbandhi samasyaoan ko bhi kam karati hai.

chay ke gun

• chay ki pattiyoan ke pani ko gulab ke paudhe ki j doan mean dalana chahie.
• chay ki pattiyoan ko pani mean ubal kar bal dhone se chamak a jati hai.
• ek litar ubale pani mean paanch chay ke baig dalean aur paanch minat ke lie chho d dean. isamean tho di der ke lie pair dalakar baithe rahean. pairoan ko kafi rahat milati hai.
• chay ke do baig ko thande pani mean dubokar nicho d lean. phir donoan aankhoan ko band kar lean aur unake oopar ti baigs rakhakar kuchh der ke lie shaanti se let jaean. isase aankhoan ki soojan aur thakan utar jaegi.
• sharir ke kisi bhag mean soojan ho jae to us par garm pani mean bhigokar chay ke baig rakhean. isase dard kam hoga aur rakt parisancharan samany ho jaega.
• garm pani mean bhige hue chay ke baig ko rakhane se daant ke dard mean turant aram milata hai.

chay banane ka sahi tariqa

taza pani lean. use ek ubal ane tak ubalean. pani ko adhe minat se zyada nahian ubalean. ek sookhe bartan mean chay patti dalean. isake bad bartan mean pani u del dean. paanch-sat minat ke lie bartan ko dhak dean. isake bad kap mean chhan lean. svad ke mutabik doodh aur chini milaean. ek kap chay banane ke lie adha chammach chay patti kafi hoti hai. chay patti, doodh aur chini ko ek sath ubalakar chay banane ka tariqa sahi nahian hai. isase chay ke sare fayade khatm ho jate haian. isase chay kafi k dak bhi ho jati hai aur usamean k davapan a jata hai.

yah bhi janean

thumb|250px|kulh‌ d mean chay

kab piean

yooan to chay kabhi bhi pi sakate haian lekin sone se thik pahale chay pine se bachana chahie. darasal, rat ko sone aur aram karane se aant taza hoti hai. aise mean subah uthakar sabase pahale chay pina sahi nahian hai. der rat mean chay pine se niand ane mean dikkat ho sakati hai.

sath mean kya khaean

• jin logoan ko esiditi ki dikkat hai, unhean khali chay nahian pini chahie. sath mean ek-do biskut lean.
• hari chay ayurvedik pey hai, isalie ise khali hi pina behatar hai. sath mean kuchh n khaean to isaka gunakari asar zyada hota hai.

kitane kap piean

bina doodh aur chini ki ayurvedik chay to kitani bar bhi pi sakate haian. lekin doodh-chini dalakar aur sabhi chizean ek sath ubalakar banaee gee chay tin kap se zyada nahian pini chahie.

kitani garm piean

chay ko kap mean dalane ke 2-3 minat bad pina thik rahata hai. vaise jibh khud ek sanvedi aang hai. chay ke zyada garm hone par usamean jalan ho jati hai aur hamean pata chal jata hai ki chay zyada garm hai.

rakhi huee chay n piean

chay taza banakar hi pini chahie. adhe ghante se zyada rakhi huee chay ko thanda ya dobara garm karake nahian pina chahie. isi tarah ek hi patti ko bar-bar ubalakar pina aur bhi nuqasanadeh hai. aksar dhaboan aur gali-muhalle ki chay ki dukanoan par chay banane vale bartan mean purani hi patti mean aur patti dalakar chay banaee jati hai. isase chay mean nuqasanadayak tattv banane lagate haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• ti bord bharat
• chay ki kheti kab, kahaan aur kaise?

sanbandhit lekh

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