चौहान वंश
chauhan vansh rajapootoan ke prasiddh vashoan mean se ek hai. 'chavhan' ya 'chauhan' uttar bharat ki ary jati ka ek vansh hai. chauhan gotr rajapootoan mean ata hai. kee vidvanoan ka kahana hai ki chauhan saanbhar jhil, pushkar, amer aur vartaman jayapur (rajasthan) mean hote the, jo ab sare uttar bharat mean phaile chuke haian. isake atirikt mainapuri (uttar pradesh) evan alavar zile mean bhi inaki achchhi-khasi sankhya hai.
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prasiddh shasak
chauhan vansh ki anek shakhaoan mean 'shakanbhari chauhan' (saanbhar-ajamer ke as-pas ka kshetr) ki sthapana lagabhag 7vian shatabdi mean vasudev ne ki. vasudev ke bad poornatall, jayaraj, vigraharaj pratham, chandraraj, goparaj jaise anek samantoan ne shasan kiya. shasak ajayadev ne ‘ajamer’ nagar ki sthapana ki aur sath hi yahaan par sundar mahal evan mandir ka nirman karavaya. 'chauhan vansh' ke mukhy shasak is prakar the-
- ajayadev chauhan
- arnoraj (lagabhag 1133 se 1153 ee.)
- vigraharaj chaturth bisaladev (lagabhag 1153 se 1163 ee.)
- prithviraj tritiy (1178-1192 ee.)
rajasthan ke chauhan vansh
rajasthan mean chauhanoan ke kee vansh hue, jinhoanne samay-samay par yahaan shasan kiya aur yahaan ki mitti ko gauravaanvit kiya. 'chauhan' v 'guhil' shasak vidvanoan ke prashrayadata bane rahe, jisase janata mean shiksha evan sahityik pragati bina kisi avarodh ke hoti rahi. isi tarah nirantar sangharsh ke vatavaran mean vastushilp panapata raha. is samooche kal ki saundary tatha adhyatmik chetana ne kalatmak yojanaoan ko jivit rakha. chittau d, ba dauli tatha aboo ke mandir is kathan ke praman haian. chauhan vansh ki shakhaoan mean nimn shakhaean mukhy thian-
- saanbhar ke chauhan
- ranathambhaur ke chauhan
- jalaur ke chauhan
- chauhan vanshiy ha da rajapoot
saanbhar ke chauhan
chauhanoan ke mool sthan ke sanbandh mean manyata hai ki ve sapadalaksh evan jaangal pradesh ke as-pas rahate the. unaki rajadhani 'ahichchhatrapur' (nagaur) thi. sapadalaksh ke chauhanoan ka adipurush 'vasudev' tha, jisaka samay 551 ee. ke lagabhag anumanit hai. bijauliya prashasti mean vasudev ko saanbhar jhil ka nirmata mana gaya hai. is prashasti mean chauhanoan ko 'vatsagautriy' brahman bataya gaya hai. praranbh mean chauhan pratiharoan ke samant the, parantu guvak pratham, jisane 'harshanath mandir' (sikar ke pas) ka nirman karaya, svatantr shasak ke roop mean ubhara. isi vansh ke chandaraj ki patni rudrani yaugik kriya mean nipun thi. aisa mana jata hai ki vah pushkar jhil mean pratidin ek hazar dipak jalakar mahadev ki upasana karati thi.[1]
ajayaraj chauhan ne 1113 ee. mean ajamer nagar ki sthapana ki. usake putr arnoraj (anaji) ne ajamer mean anasagar jhil ka nirman karavakar janopayogi karyoan mean bhoomika ada ki. chauhan shasak vigraharaj chaturth ka kal sapadalaksh ka svarn yug kahalata hai. use 'visaladev' aur 'kavi bandhav' bhi kaha jata tha. usane ‘harakeli’ natak aur usake darabari vidvanh somadev ne 'lalit vigraharaj’ namak natak ki rachana karake sahity star ko ooancha uthaya. vigraharaj ne ajamer mean ek sanskrit pathashala ka nirman karavaya, jis par age chalakar qutubuddin aibak ne 'dhaee din ka jhop da' namak masjid ka nirman karavaya. vigraharaj chaturth ek vijeta tha. usane tomaroan ko parajit kar 'dhillika' (dilli) ko jita.
prithviraj chauhan aur muhammad gori
isi vanshakram mean prithviraj chauhan tritiy rajasthan aur uttari bharat ka pratibhashali raja tha. barahavian shatabdi ke antim charan mean shakambhari ke is chauhan shasak ne apani vijayoan se uttari bharat ki rajaniti mean ek vishisht sthan prapt kar liya tha. usane chandel shasak paramardidev ke deshabhakt senani 'alha' aur 'oodal' ko marakar 1182 ko mahoba ko jit liya. kannauj ke gah daval shasak jayachand ka dilli ko lekar chauhanoan se vaimanasy tha. halaanki prithviraj chauhan tritiy bhi apani digvijay mean kannauj ko shamil karana chahata tha. is prakar prithviraj chauhan tritiy aur jayachand ki mahattvakaanksha donoan ke vaimanasy ka karan ban gee. 'prithvirajaraso' donoan ke madhy shatruta ka karan jayachand ki putri sanyogita ko batata hai. prithviraj tritiy ne 1191 mean tarain ke pratham yuddh mean muhammad gori ko parast kar virata ka samuchit parichay diya tatha bharat mean turk akraman ko dhakka pahuanchaya.[1]
| kram sankhya | vansh ka nam | shakha ki sankhya |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | chauhan rajapoot | 14 shakha |
| 2. | rathaur rajapoot | 12 shakha |
| 3. | paramar ya panvar rajapoot | 16 shakha |
| 4. | solanki rajapoot | 6 shakha |
| 5. | parihar rajapoot | 6 shakha |
| 6. | gahalot rajapoot | 12 shakha |
| 7. | chandravanshi rajapoot | 4 shakha |
| 8. | senavanshi ya pal rajapoot | 1 shakha |
| 9. | makavan ya jhala rajapoot | 3 shakha |
| 10. | bhati ya yaduvanshi rajapoot | 5 shakha |
| 11. | kachhavaha ya kushavaha rajapoot | 1 shakha |
| 12. | tanvar ya tomar rajapoot | 1 shakha |
| 13. | rbhooanyar ya kaushik rajapoot | 1 shakha |
gauravapoorn adhyay
turkoan ke viruddh l de ge yuddhoan mean tarain ka pratham yuddh chauhanoan ki vijay ka ek gauravapoorn adhyay hai. parantu prithviraj chauhan dvara parajit turki sena ka pichha n kiya jana, is yuddh mean ki gee bhool ke roop mean ek kalankit prishth mana jata hai. is bhool ke parinamasvaroop 1192 mean muhammad gori ne tarain ke dvitiy yuddh mean prithviraj chauhan tritiy ko parajit kar diya. tarain ke doosare yuddh mean prithviraj ki gori se har ho gee, to usane atmasamman ko dhyan mean rakhate hue ashrit shasak banane ki apeksha mrityu ko prathamikata di. is har ka karan rajapootoan ka paramparagat sainy sangathan mana jata hai. prithviraj chauhan apane rajyakal ke aranbh se lekar ant tak yuddh l data raha, jo usake ek achchhe sainik aur senadhyaksh hone ko pramanit karata hai. sivay tarain ke dvitiy yuddh ke vah sabhi yuddhoan mean vijeta raha tha.
sahity tatha vidvanh sanrakshan
prithviraj svayan achchha guni hone ke sath-sath gunijanoan ka samman karane vala tha. jayanak, vidyapati gau d, vagishvar, janardan tatha vishvaroop usake darabari lekhak aur kavi the, jinaki kritiyaan usake samay ko amar banae hue haian. jayanak ne 'prithviraj vijay' ki rachana ki thi. 'prithvirajaraso' ka lekhak chandabaradaee bhi prithviraj chauhan ka ashrit kavi tha. 'prithviraj vijay' ke lekhak jayanak ke anusar prithviraj chauhan ne jivanaparyant yuddhoan ke vatavaran mean rahate hue bhi chauhan rajy ki pratibha ko sahity aur saanskritik kshetr mean pusht kiya. tarain ke dvitiy yuddh ke pashchath bharatiy rajaniti mean ek naya mo d aya. parantu isaka yah arth nahian tha ki is yuddh ke bad chauhanoan ki shakti samapt ho gee. lagabhag agami ek shatabdi tak chauhanoan ki shakhaean ranathambhaur, jalaur, ha dauti, nadaul tatha chandravati aur aboo mean shasan karati rahian aur rajapoot shakti ki dhuri bani rahian. inhoanne dilli ke sultanoan ki satta ka samay-samay par mukabala kar shaury aur adamy sahas ka parichay diya. poorv madhy kal mean parabhavoan ke bavajood rajasthan bauddhik unnati mean nahian pichh da. chauhan v guhil shasak vidvanoan ke prashrayadata bane rahe, jisase janata mean shiksha evan sahityik pragati bina avarodh ke hoti rahi. isi tarah nirantar sangharsh ke vatavaran mean vastushilp panapata raha. is samooche kal ki saundary tatha adhyatmik chetana ne kalatmak yojanaoan ko jivit rakha.[1]
ranathambhaur ke chauhan
ranathambhaur ke chauhan vansh ki sthapana prithviraj chauhan ke putr govind raj ne ki thi. yahaan ke pratibha sampann shasakoan mean hammir ka nam sarvopari hai. dilli ke sultan jalaluddin khilaji ne hammir ke samay ranathambhaur par asaphal akraman kiya tha. alauddin khilaji ne 1301 mean ranathambhaur par akraman kar diya. isaka mukhy karan hammir dvara alauddin khilaji ke viruddh mangol sharanarthiyoan ko ashray dena tha. qila n jit pane ke karan alauddin ne hammir ke senanayak 'ranamal' aur 'ratipal' ko lalach dekar apani or mila liya. hammir ne age badhakar shatru sena ka samana kiya, par vah viragati ko prapt hua. hammir ki rani rangadevi aur putri ne jauhar vrat dvara apane dharm ki raksha ki. yah rajasthan ka pratham jauhar mana jata hai. hammir ke sath hi ranathambhaur ke chauhanoan ka rajy samapt ho gaya. hammir ke bare mean prasiddh hai- "tiriya-tel, hammir hath, chadhe n dooji bar".
jalaur ki chauhan shakha
jalaur ki chauhan shakha ka sansthapak kirtipal tha. prachin shilalekhoan mean jalaur ka nam 'jabalipur' aur qile ka 'suvarnagiri' milata hai, jisako apabhransh mean 'sonagadh' kahate haian. isi parvat ke nam se chauhanoan ki yah shakha ’sonagara’kahalaee. is shakha ka prasiddh shasak kanh dade chauhan tha. dilli ke sultan alauddin khilaji ne jalaur ko jitane se poorv 1308 mean sivana par akraman kiya. us samay chauhanoan ke ek saradar, jisaka nam sataladev tha, durg ka rakshak tha. usane anek sthanoan par turkoan ko chhakaya. isalie usake shaury ki dhak rajasthan mean jam chuki thi. parantu ek rajadrohi bhavale namak sainik dvara vishvasaghat karane ke karan sivana ka patan ho gaya aur alauddin ne sivana jitakar usaka nam khairabad rakh diya. is vijay ke pashchath 1311 mean jalaur ka bhi patan ho gaya aur vahaan ka shasak kanh dadev viragati ko prapt hua. vah shooravir yoddha, deshabhimani tatha charitravan vyakti tha. usane apane adamy sahas tatha soojhaboojh se qile ke nivasiyoan, samantoan tatha rajapoot jati ka netritv kar ek apoorv khyati arjit ki thi.
ha da rajapoot
vartaman ha dauti kshetr par chauhan vanshiy ha da rajapootoan ka adhikar tha. prachin kal mean is kshetr par minaoan ka adhikar tha. aisa mana jata hai ki boonda mina ke nam par hi booandi ka namakaran hua. kuanbhakalin ranapur ke lekh mean booandi ka nam ‘vrindavati’ milata hai. rav deva ne minaoan ko parajit kar 1241 mean booandi rajy ki sthapana ki thi. booandi ke prasiddh qile taragadh ka nirman barasianh ha da ne karavaya tha. taragadh aitihasik kal mean bhitti chitroan ke lie vikhyat raha hai. booandi ke surjanasianh ne 1569 mean akabar ki adhinata svikar ki thi. booandi ki prasiddh chaurasi khanbhoan ki chhatari shatrusal ha da ka smarak hai, jo 1658 mean samoogadh ke yuddh mean aurangazeb ke viruddh shahi sena ki or se l data hua mara gaya tha. buddhasianh ke shasan kal mean marathoan ne booandi riyasat par akraman kiya tha.[1]
prarambh mean kota booandi rajy ka hi bhag tha, jise shahajahaan ne booandi se alag kar madhosianh ko sauanpakar 1631 ee. mean ne rajy ke roop mean manyata di thi. kota rajy ka divan jhala jalimasianh itihas charchit vyakti raha hai. kota riyasat par usaka poorn niyantran tha. kota mean aitihasik kal se aj tak krishna ki bhakti ka prabhav raha hai. isalie kota ka nam nandagram bhi milata haian. booandi-kota mean saanskritik upagam ke roop mean yahaan ki chitr shailiyaan vikhyat rahi haian. booandi mean pashu-pakshiyoan ka shreshth aankan hua hai, vahian kota shaili shikar ke chitroan ke lie vikhyat rahi hai.[3]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 rajasthan ke vividh rang (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 19 aprail, 2014.
- ↑ chauhan vansh ki shakhaean (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 12 aprail, 2014.
- ↑ sandarbh- madhyamik shiksha bord, rajasthan ki rajasthan adhyayan ki pustak
sanbandhit lekh
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