जाति व्यवस्था
jati vyavastha hianduoan ke samajik jivan ki vishisht vyavastha hai, jo unake acharan, naitikata aur vicharoan ko sarvadhik prabhavit karati hai. yah vyavastha kitani purani hai, isaka uttar dena kathin hai. sanatani hindoo ise daivi ya eeshvar prerit vyavastha manate haian aur rrigved se isaka sambandh jo date haian. lekin adhunik vidvanh ise manavakrit vyavastha manate haian jo kisi ek vyakti dvara kadapi nahian banayi gee varanh vibhinn kal ki paristhitiyoan ke anusar vikasit huee. yadyapi prachin dharmik granthoan mean manushyoan ko char varnoan mean vibhajit kiya gaya hai- brahman, kshatriy, vaishy aur shoodr tatha pratyek varn ka apana vishisht dharm niroopit kiya gaya hai tatha aantarjatiy bhoj athava aantarjatiy vivah ka nishedh kiya gaya hai, tathapi vastavikata yah hai ki hindoo hazaroan jatiyoan aur upajatiyoan mean vibhajit hai aur aantarjatiy bhoj tatha aantarjatiy vivah ke pratibandh vibhinn samay mean tatha bharat ke vibhinn bhagoan mean bhinn bhinn rahe haian. ajakal aantarjatiy bhoj sambandhi pratibandh visheshakar shaharoan mean pray: samapt ho gaye haian aur aantarjatiy vivah sanbandhi pratibandh bhi shithil p d gaye haian. phir bhi jati vyavastha padhe-likhe bharatiyoan mean prachalit hai aur ab bhi is vyavastha ke karan hianduoan ko any dharmavalambiyoan se sahaj hi alag kiya ja sakata hai.
vargikaran
aitihasik drishti se jati vyavastha arambhik vaidik kal mean bhi vidyaman thi, yadyapi us samay usaka roop aspasht tha. uttar vaidik yug aur sootrakal mean yah pushtaini ban gayi aur vibhinn peshe vibhinn jatiyoan ka pratinidhitv karane lage. vedapathi, karmakaandi aur purohiti karane vale 'brahman' kahalaye. desh ka shasan karane vale tatha yuddh kala mean nipun vyakti 'kshatriy' kahalae aur sarvasadharan, jinaka mukhy dhandha vyavasay aur vanijy tha, 'vaishy' kahalae. shesh log, jinaka dhandha seva karana tha, 'shoodr' nam se pukare jane lage. aitihasik kal mean maury shoodr mane jate the. megasthanij ne, jo chandragupt maury ke samay mean bharat aya tha, logoan ko sat jatiyoan mean vibhajit kiya hai jo pushtaini jatiyaan hone ke bajay vastav mean peshoan ke adhar par vargikrit jatiyaan thian. usane likha hai, darshanikoan ko chho dakar, jo samaj ke shirshasth sthan par the, any logoan ke lie aantarjatiy vivah athava pushtaini pesha badalana varjit tha. usake bad ke kal mean jo videshi vijetaoan ke roop mean athava apravasiyoan ke roop mean bharat ae, un sabako hindoo dharm mean aangikar kar liya gaya aur unake dhandhoan ke anusar unhean vibhinn jatiyoan mean sthan mil gaya. yuddh karane vale logoan ko kshatriy jati mean sthan mila aur ve 'rajapoot' kahalae. isi prakar goand adi adivasiyoan ko bhi, jinhoanne rajanitik drishti se mahattv prapt kar liya tha, kshatriyoan ke roop mean manyata prapt ho gayi. musalamanoan ke akraman evan desh ko vijay kar lene ke samay tak bharatiy samaj mean jati vyavastha ek gatishil sanstha thi. musalamanoan ke ane ke bad jati bandhan aur k de p d gaye. l daee ke maidan mean musalamanoan ka mukabala karane mean asamarth hone par hinduoan ne apani raksha nishkriy roop se jatiy pratibandhoan ki k daee mean aur vriddhi karate hue ki. is riti se bharat mean musalamanoan ke anek shatabdiyoan ke shasanakal mean hindoo tatha hindoo dharm ko jivit rakha gaya. adhunik kal mean jati pratha ki k daee hinduoan mean adhunik jnan aur vicharoan ke prasar ke phalasvaroop kafi shithil p d gayi hai. bharatiy ganatantr ki niti dhire-dhire jatiy bhedabhav aur pratibandhoan ko samapt karane ki hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ histri aauf kast in iandiya ; ee. senart, 'kast in iandiya' ; je. ech. hattan, 'kast in iandiya', 1946
- pustak- bharatiy itihas kosh |lekhak- sachchidanand bhattachary | prisht sankhya- 167 | prakashan- uttar pradesh hindi sansthan lakhanoo
bahari k diyaan
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