जिम कोर्बेट राष्ट्रीय पार्क
[[chitr:Elephants-Jim-Corbett-National-Park.jpg|thumb|250px|jangali hathiyoan ka jhuand, jim korbet rashtriy park]] jim korbet rashtriy park dilli se 240 ki.mi. uttar-poorv mean sthit ek pramukh darshaniy sthal hai. yah rashtriy abhayarany uttaraanchal rajy ke nainital zile mean ramanagar shahar ke nikat ek vishal kshetr ko gher kar banaya gaya hai. yah gadhaval aur kumaooan ke bich ramaganga nadi ke kinare lagabhag 1316 varg kilomitar kshetr mean phaila hai. is park ka mukhy karyalay ramanagar mean hai aur yahaan se paramit lekar paryatak is udyan mean pravesh karate haian. jab paryatak poorvi dvar se udyan mean pravesh karate haian to chhote-chhote nadi-nale, shal ke chhayadar vriksh aur phool-paudhoan ki ek anajani si sugandh unaka man moh leti hai. paryatak is prakritik sundarata mean sammohit sa mahasoos karata hai.
itihas
is park ka itihas kafi samriddh hai. kabhi yah park tihari gadhaval ke shasakoan ki niji sampatti hua karata tha. 'gorakha andolan' ke dauran 1820 ee. ke asapas rajy ke is hisse ko british shasakoan ko usake sahayog ke lie sauanp diya gaya tha. aangrezoan ne is park ka lak di ke lie kafi dohan kiya aur relaga diyoan ki sitoan ke lie tik ke pe doan ko bhari sankhya mean kata. pahali bar mejar raimaseee ne isake sanrakshan ki vyapak yojana taiyar ki. 1879 mean van vibhag ne ise apane adhikar mean le liya aur sanrakshit kshetr ghoshit kar diya. 1934 mean sanyukt prant ke gavarnar mailakam haili ne is sanrakshit van ko jaivik udyan ghoshit kar diya. is park ko 1936 mean gavarnar mailakam haili ke nam par 'haili neshanal park' ka nam diya gaya tha. yah bharat ka pahala rashtriy park aur duniya ka tisara sabase b da park bana.
namakaran
'jim korbet rashtriy park' se hokar ramaganga nadi bahati hai. azadi ke bad is park ka nam isi nadi ke nam par 'ramaganga rashtriy park' rakha gaya tha, lekin 1957 mean park ka nam 'jim karbet neshanal park' kar diya gaya. jis jim karbet ke nam par park ka namakaran kiya gaya, vah ek shikari tha, lekin paryavaran mean usaki kafi dilachaspi thi aur usane is park ko vikasit karane mean kafi sahayog diya tha.
hathi dvara sair
jim korbet rashtriy abhayarany ka bhraman keval hathi par savar hokar hi kiya ja sakata hai, kyoanki motar-gadiyoan ke shor se vany-jiv pareshan ho jate haian. hathi paryatakoan ko laanj se hi mil jate haian. hathi par baithakar paryatak jangal ki ooanchi-nichi pagadandiyoan, ooanchi-ooanchi ghas tatha shal ke pe doan ke bich se hokar gujarate haian. yahaan sher-bagh hi nahian hathiyoan ke jhuand, kulaanchean bharate hiranoan ka samooh, chhote-chhote nadi-nale, jharanoan ka git, ramaganga nadi ki tej dhara ka shor, shal vrikshoan ki ghani chhaya aur ghane jangal ka maun sab kuchh apane ap mean anokha hai. ramaganga nadi ke donoan taraf ghane jangal ke bich yah abhayarany prakriti ki anokhi chhata bikherata hai.
jaiv vividhata
bharat ke sabase mahattvapoorn 'projekt taigar' ke adhin ane vala yah park desh ka pahala rashtriy park hai. baghoan ki ghatati sankhya par rok lagane ke uddeshy se 1973 mean ise 'projekt taigar' ke adhin laya gaya.is abhayarany mean sher, bagh, hathi, hiran, guladar, saanbhar, chital, kak d, jangali sooar, bhaloo, bandar, siyar, nilagay adi janavar tatha kee tarah ke pakshi dekhe ja sakate haian. prabhatabela tatha saanjh dhalane ke vakt kee janavaroan ke jhuandoan ko dekhane ka to apana alag hi maja hai. isi vakt pakshiyoan ka kalarav b da hi madhur lagata hai.
jim korbet ka yogadan
kaha jata hai ki 1820 mean aangrezoan ne is bih d jangal ki khoj ki thi. us vakt yahaan khooankhar jangali janavaroan ka samrajy tha. britash shasan ne shuroo mean yahaan shal vrikshoan ka ropan karavaya aur is udyan ka nam 'd haili neshanal park' rakha. ajadi ke bad is udyan ka nam 'ramaganga neshanal park' rakha gaya. san 1957 mean ise 'jim korbet rashtriy udyan' ka nam diya gaya. jim korbet ek chatur aangrez shikari tha. usaka janm nainital ke kaladhooangi namak sthan mean hua tha. usane yahaan ke adamakhor baghoan ka shikar kar ilake ke logoan ko bhayamukt karaya tha. sthaniy log use "gora sadhu" kahate the. kaladhooangi mean usake nivas ko ab ek shanadar myoojiyam ka roop de diya gaya hai. isamean jim karbet ke chitr, usaki kitabean, sheroan ke sath usaki tasvirean, us samay ke hathiyar, kee tarah ki bandookean aur vany-jivan se sanbandhit kee prakar ki pathaniy samagri dekhane ko milati hai. shant vatavaran aur ghane vrikshoan ki chhaya mean bane is myoojiyam ke aangan mean baithana bahut achchha lagata hai.[1]
paryatakoan ki suvidhaean
is abhayarany mean paryatan vibhag dvara thaharane aur udyan mean bhraman karane ki vyavastha hai. udyan ke andar hi l aauj, kaintin v laibreri haian. udyan karmachariyoan ke avas bhi yahian haian. laibreri mean vany jivoan se sanbandhit anek pustakean rakhi haian. pashu-pakshi premi yahaan baithe ghantoan adhyayan karate rahate haian. yahaan ke l aaujoan ke samane lak di ke machan bane haian, jinamean lak diyoan ki sidhiyoan dvara chadha jata hai aur baithane ke lie kursiyoan ki vyavastha hai. sham ke samay sailani yahaan baithakar doorabin se door-door tak phaile prakritik saundary tatha abhayarany mean svachchhand vicharan karate vany jivoan ko dekh sakate haian. sailani yahaan akar prakritik saundary ka ji bhar kar anand utha sakate haian. yahaan ke vanarakshak takid kar jate haian ki der rat tak bahar n rahean aur n hi rat ke samay kamaroan se bahar nikalean. aisi hi hidayatean yahaan jagah-jagah par likhi huee bhi haian. isaki vajah hai kabhi-kabhi rat ke samay aksar jangali hathiyoan ke jhuand ya koee khooankhar jangali janavar yahaan tak a jate haian.[1]
kaise pahuanchean
jim korbet rashtriy udyan samudr tal se 400 se 1100 mitar tak ki ooanchaee par phaila hai. isaka sabase ooancha kshetr kaanda hai. is udyan mean ghoomane ka sabase achchha mausam 15 navambar se 15 joon hai. isi dauran yah sailaniyoan ke lie khula rahata hai. yahaan pahuanchane ke lie do relave steshan haian- ramanagar aur haldvani. ramanagar se 'dhikala'[2] ke lie 47 ki.mi. ki pakki s dak hai. udyan dilli se matr 240 kilomitar door hai. s dak marg se 290 kilomitar hai. basoan, taiksiyoan aur kar dvara yahaan 5-6 ghante mean pahuancha ja sakata hai.
sarakar ka sanrakshan
bharat sarakar ne 1935 mean vany jivan (sanrakshan) adhiniyam ke tahat deshabhar mean rashtriy udyanoan aur abhayaranyoan ke netavark mean unake avas ka sanrakshan kiya hai. 1973 mean jab bagh pariyojanaoan ki shurooat ki gee thi, us samay 14 rajyoan mean 23 arakshit van kshetr banae ge the. bad mean do aur kshetroan ko isake antargat laya gaya, jisase ab inaki sankhya 25 ho gee hai. isake antargat kajiranga, dudhava, ranathambhaur, sariska, baandipur, kanha, sundaravan adi abhayaranyoan ki sthapana ki gee. 1993 mean jim karbet park is yojana ke tahat aya. vaijnanik, arthik, saundaryaparak, saanskritik aur paristhitikiy moolyoan ki drishti se bharat mean vany jivoan ki vyavaharik sankhya banae rakhana tatha logoan ke labh, shiksha aur manoranjan ke lie ek rashtriy virasat ke roop mean jaivik mahatv ke aise kshetroan ko sadaiv ke lie surakshit banae rakhana is yojana ka mukhy uddeshy hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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