थोरियम

thoriyam (aangrezi:Thorium) avart sarani ke 'aiktinaid shreni' ka pratham tattv hai. pahale yah chaturth aantarvarti samooh ka aantim tattv mana jata tha, parantu ab yah jnat hai ki, jis prakar laianthenam (La) tattv ke pashchath‌ 14 tattvoan ki lenthenaid shrriankhala praanrabh hoti hai, usi prakar aiktiniyam (Ac) ke pashchath‌ 14 tattvoan ki doosari shrriankhala aranbh hoti hai, jise 'ektinaid shrriankhala' kahate haian. thoriyam ke ayask mean keval ek samasthanik (dravyaman sankhya-232) paya jata hai, jo isaka sabase sthir samasthanik hai. parantu yooreniyam, rediyam tatha aiktiniyam ayaskoan mean isake kuchh samasthanik sadaiv vidyaman rahate haian, jinaki dravyaman sankhyaean 227, 228, 230, 231 tatha 234 haian. inake atirikt 224, 225, 226, 229, evan 233 dravyaman vale samasthanik kritrim upayoan dvara nirmit hue haian.

thoriyam ke antargat thoriyenait, elainait tatha mojanait khanijo ko shamil kiya jata hai. bharat mean thoriyonait ka poornatah abhav hai. jabaki any dono khanijoan ki prapti bhi kam matra mean hi hoti hai.

thoriyam ki khoj

thoriyam ek pramukh dhatu hai, jisaki khoj 1828 ee. mean barziliyas ne 'thorait' ayask se ki thi. yadyapi isake anek ayask jnat haian, parantu monezait isaka sabase mahattvapoorn strot haian, jisamean thoriyam tatha any viral mridaoan ke f aausfet rahate haian.

prapti sthan

sansar mean monezait ka sabase b da bhaandar bharat ke keral rajy mean haian. bihar pradesh mean bhi thoriyam ayask ki upasthiti jnat huee hai. thoriyam ki prapti ke pramukh kshetr hai. tamilanadu mean madurai zile ka masoor taluka kshetr, aandhr pradesh mean karimanagar, medak, timapur tatha basavapuram kshetr, jharakhand mean hazaribaga zile ke paito, barabar, parasavad, dhabuadih tatha bansodharava kshetr tatha rajasthan mean pali^[1] evan bhilava da^[2]. inake atirikt monezait amarika, astraliya, brazil aur malaya mean bhi prapt hai.

thoriyam dhatu ka nirman

maunezait ko saandr salphyoorik aml ki prakriya kar aanshik kshariy vilayan milane se thoriyam f aausfet ka avakshep banata hai. isako salphyoorik ya haidroklorik aml mean ghulakar phir f aausfet avakshipt karate haian. is kriya ko doharane par thoriyam ka shuddh ph aausphet milata hai. thoriyam kloraid ko sodiyam ke sath nirvat mean garam karane se thoriyam dhatu milati hai. thoriyam ayodaid ke vashp ko garam tangstan tantu par pravahit karane se, ya thoriyam aauksaid (ThO2) par kailshiyam ki prakriya dvara bhi, thoriyam dhatu prapt ho sakati hai.

upayog

thoriyam aauksaid athava thoriya ka atyadhik upayog uddipt gais maitaloan mean hota hai. isake atirikt yah utprerak ke roop mean bhi prayukt hua hai. thoriyam ke karbanik yaugik charm rogoan ki chikitsa mean kam ae haian. thoriyam mean rediyadharmita ka gun hai. isaki dravyaman sankhya 232 vala samasthanik nyutr aaun akraman dvara yooreniyam 233 mean parinat ho jata hai. yooreniyam 233 ka shithil nyootr aaun akraman dvara khandan sanbhav hai aur yah paramanu oorja sanbandhi upayogoan mean kam a sakata hai. is prakar thoriyam bhi ek oorjashil padarth hai. bhavishy mean, visheshakar bharat mean, paramanu oorja ke liye isaka bahut upayog sanbhav hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ bhadavan tatha bhilava da kshetr
↑ saradarapura kshetr

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] van tatha bhilava da kshetr

[2] saradarapura kshetr

[1]

[2]