डिमेट्रियस
damitri athava dametriyas
thumb|chitrakar dvara dimetriyas ka sikke se banaya hua chitr
demetriyas apane pita 'yoothidemas' ki mrityu ke bad raja bana tha. sambhavatah sikandar ke bad demetriyas pahala yoonani shasak tha, jisaki sena bharatiy sima mean pravesh kar saki thi. usane ek b di sena ke sath lagabhag 183 ee.poo. mean hindukush parvat ko par kar siandh aur panjab par adhikar kar liya. demetriyas ke bharatiy abhiyan ki pushti patanjali ke mahabhashyan 'gargi sanhita' evan malavikagnimitramh se hoti hai. is prakar demetriyas ne pashchimottar bharat mean iando-yoonani satta ki sthapana ki. isane sakal ko apani rajadhani banaya tha. demetriyas ne bharatiy rajaoan ki upadhi dharan kar yoonani tatha kharoshthi lipi mean sikke bhi chalavaye the.
samrajy vistar
'damitri' athava 'dametriyas' hindi-yoonani shasak tha. kharavel ke hathi guhpha ke lekhoan mean dametriyas ki sena sahit upasthiti pataliputr se 70 kilomitar dakshin poorv mean sthit rajagrih mean batayi gaya hai. siriyan samrat entiyokas ke sath sandhi aur vivah sambandh ho jane ke anantar baiktriya ke rajavansh ki bahut unnati huee. usane samip ke anek pradeshoan ko jitakar apane samrajy ka vistar kiya. baiktriya ke is utkarsh ka pradhan shrey demetriyas ko hai, jo siriyan samrat entiyokas tritiy ka jamata tha. [[chitr:Demetrios-Coin.jpg|thumb|250px|left|dimetriyas ka sikka, baiktriya]] baiktriya ke rajaoan ke itihas ka parijnan unake sikkoan ke dvara hota hai, jo ki achchhi b di sankhya mean bharat v any deshoan mean prapt hue haian. grik lekhak straibo ke anusar demetriyas aur minandar ke samay baiktriya ke yavan rajy ki simaean door-door tak pahuanch gee thian. uttar mean chin ki sima se lagakar dakshin mean saurashtr tak in baiktriyan rajaoan ka samrajy vistrit tha.
dimetriyas ka shasan
190 ee. poo. mean ya isase kuchh poorv demetriyas baiktriya ke rajasianhasan par aroodh hua. usake rajyarohan se poorv hi yuthidimas ne hindukush parvat ko parakar us rajy ko jit liya tha, jis par subhagasen ka shasan tha. isalie hairat, kandhar, sistan adi mean usake sikke b di sankhya mean upalabdh hue haian. demetriyas ne bhi ek b di sena ke sath bharat par akraman kiya. grik vivaranoan mean use bharat ka raja likha gaya hai, aur isamean sandeh nahian ki bharat ki vijay karate hue vah door tak madhy desh mean chala aya tha. is samay bharat mean maury vansh ke nirbal rajaoan ka shasan tha aur magadh ki sainyashakti kshin ho chuki thi. sikandar ke akraman ke samay panjab mean kath, malav, kshudrak adi jo shaktishali ganarajy the, is samay ve apani svatantrata kho chuke the aur unaki sainy shakti nasht ho gee thi. yavanoan ke akraman ko rokane ki uttaradayita ab un maury samratoan par thi, jinhean bharatiy sahity mean 'adharmik' aur 'pratijnadurbal' kaha gaya hai. ye samrat yavanoan ka muqabala kar sakane mean asamarth rahe.
itihasakar matabhed
patanjali muni ne 'mahabhashy' mean 'arunath yavanah saketamh, arunath yavanah madhyamikamh,' likhakar jis yavan akraman ka sanket kiya hai, vah sambhavatah demetriyas ka hi akraman tha, jo sambhavatah us samay (185 ee. poo. ke lagabhag) hua tha, jabaki antim maury raja brihadrath magadh ke rajasianhasan par aroodh hua. [[chitr:Udayagiri-Caves-Khandagiri.jpg|thumb|250px|udayagiri gufaean, bhuvaneshvar, u disa
Udayagiri Caves, Bhubaneswar, Orissa]] senani pushyamitr ne use marakar jo svayan rajy prapt kar liya, usaka karan bhi sambhavatah yahi tha, ki yavan akraman ka muqabala n kar sakane se sena aur janata brihadrath ke viruddh ho gee thi. shri jayasaval adi katipay itihasakaroan ke anusar kaliangaraj kharavel ke hathigumfa shilalekh mean bhi demetriyas ke akraman ka ullekh hai. shri jayasaval ne is shilalekh ke path ko jis roop mean sampadit kiya hai, usake anusar vahaan likha hai- "athavean varsh...gorathagiri ko to dakar rajagrih ko gher dabaya. in karmoan ke avadan (virakatha) ke sanad se yavanaraja dimit ghabaraee sena aur vahanoan ko kathinata se bachakar mathura ko bhag gaya." par bahusankhyak itihasakaroan ko shri jayasaval ka yah path svikary nahian hai. ve is lekh mean 'dimit' ke path ko sahi nahian manate. par isamean sandeh hian ki hathigumfa lekh mean ek aise yavan raja ka ullekh avashy hai, jo kharavel akraman ke samachar se ghabara kar mathura ki or bhag gaya tha. yah asambhav nahian hai, ki yah yavan raja demetriyas hi ho.
anek itihasakaroan ka mat hai, ki gargi sanhita ke 'yug puran' mean jis yavan raja ke akraman ka ullekh hai, aur jo mathura, paanchal aur saket ki vijay karata hua pataliputr tak pahuanch gaya tha, vah bhi yahi dimit ya demetriyas tha. yadyapi gargi sanhita mean is yavan akraman ka ullekh maury raja shalishuk ke vrittant ke sath kiya gaya hai. par yah sambhav nahian hai, ki yah demetriyas ke akraman ka hi nirdesh karata ho, kyoanki prachin sahity ke ye vivaran poornataya spasht nahian hai. demetriyas jo magadh ya madhy desh mean nahian tik saka, usaka ek pradhan karan kaliangaraj kharavel ki sainyashakti thi. yavan sena ke bharat mean door tak chale ane par kharavel apani sena ke sath usaka muqabala karane ke lie age badha, aur usane yavanoan ko pashchim mean mathura ki or khade d diya. yahi samay hai, jab ki pataliputr mean senani pushyamitr ne nirbal maury raja brihadrath ki hatya kar svayan rajy prapt kar liya tha.
demetriyas ka akraman 185 ee. poo. ke lagabhag hua tha, aur maury raja usaka muqabala karane mean asamarth the. maury vansh ke patan ka yahi pradhan karan tha. sambhavatah kharavel ne isi samay door pashchim ki or age badhakar yavanoan ko parast kiya tha. par is prasang mean yah nahian bhoolana chahie ki demetriyas ka akraman aur kharavel ka samay adi vishayoan par itihasakaroan mean bahut matabhed hai. demetriyas ke bharatiy akraman ke sambandh mean katipay any nirdesh bhi upalabdh hote haian. 'siddhaantakomudi' mean dattamitri namak ek nagari ka ullekh hai, jo sauvir desh mean sthit thi. sambhavatah yah dattamitri nagari demetriyas ke dvara hi basaee gee thi. 'gargi sanhita' ke 'yugapuran' mean 'dharmagit' namak ek yavan raja ka ullekh hai, jise jayasavalaji ne demetriyas ya dimitr ka roopantar mana hai.
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sanbandhit lekh