डेरियस प्रथम

deriyas pratham athava 'dara pratham' athava 'darayabahu' (lagabhag ee. poo. 522-486) eeran ke akhamani vansh ka tisara sabase shaktishali aur itihas prasiddh raja tha. use itihas mean dharmik sahishnuta tatha apane shilalekhoan ke lie jana jata hai. vah farasi samrajy ke sansthapak 'sairas' ke bad akhamani vansh ka sabase prabhavashali shasak mana jata hai.

rajagaddi tatha vidroh

kaanbisis ke bad histaspis ka l daka 'deriyas pratham' ya 'dara pratham' parshiya ki gaddi par baitha. use praranbh mean jabaradast vidrohiyoan ka samana karana p da tha. vidrohiyoan mean sabase prabal 'gaumata' nam ka ek vyakti tha, jisane eeran ke sianhasan par adhikar kar liya tha. lekin deriyas ke sahayakoan ne shighr hi gaumata ka vadh kar diya. isake bad bhi parshiya ke anek praantoan ne deriyas pratham ke viruddh vidroh kar svatantr hone ka prayatn kiya. elam, baibiloniya, midiya, arminiya, lidiya evan misr tatha parshiya tak mean vidroh hue, lekin sahasi aur pratibhashali deriyas pratham ne samast vidrohiyoan ko kuchalakar parasik samrajy ko pun: sudridh kar diya. lagabhag tin varsh use vidroh dabane mean lage. isake bad faras ke vistrit samrajy mean shaanti sthapit ho gee.

samrajy

deriyas pratham ke bahistan abhilekh (lagabhag ee. poo. 519) mean gandhar ke logoan ko bhi usaki praja bataya gaya hai. 'hamadan', 'parasipolis' tatha 'naksherustam' se prapt usake ek any abhilekh mean bharatiyoan ka ullekh bhi usaki praja ke roop mean kiya gaya hai. herodotas ke anusar gandhar usake samrajy ka satavaan prant aur bharat arthath sindhu ghati bisavaan prant tha. deriyas pratham ko apane bharatiy samrajy se kafi rajasv prapt hota tha aur sath hi yahaan par se usaki sena ke lie sainik bhi bheje jate the. is prakar bharat aur faras ke bich atyant prachin kal se hi sambandh tha, jo ki dinoandin badhata hi gaya. phalasvaroop bahut se farasi shabd bharat mean prachalit ho ge. faras ke vicharoan ne kuchh aansh tak bharatiyoan vicharoan ko bhi prabhavit kiya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh