धनानंद
dhananand athava dhananand magadh desh ka ek raja tha. isaki rajy-sima vyas nadi tak phaili thi. magadh ki sainik shakti ke bhay se hi sikandar ke sainikoan ne vyas nadi se age badhana asvikar kar diya tha. pali granthoan mean magadh ke tatkalin shasak ka nam[1] dhananand bataya gaya hai. isake atirikt pali granthoan mean nau nandoan ke nam tatha unake jivan se sambandhit kuchh batean bhi bataee gee haian. in granthoan se hamean pata chalata hai ki nandavansh ke nau raja, jo sab bhaee the, bari-bari se apani ayu ke kram se (vuddhapatipatiya) gaddi par baithe. dhananand unamean sabase chhota tha. sabase b de bhaee ka nam ugrasen nand bataya gaya hai; vahi nandavansh ka sansthapak tha.[2]
jivan parichay
chandragupt ki tarah hi usaka prarambhik jivan bhi atyant romaanchapoorn tha. vah moolat: simaant pradesh ka nivasi tha.[3] ek bar dakuoan ne use pak d liya aur use malay namak ek simaant pradesh mean le ge [4]aur use is mat ka samarthak bana liya ki lootamar karana zamin jotane se achchha vyavasay hai. vah apane bhaiyoan tatha sage-sambandhiyoan sahit dakuoan ke ek giroh mean bharati ho gaya aur shighr hi unaka neta ban baitha. ve asapas ke rajyoan par dhave marane lage[5] aur simaant ke nagaroan par chadhaee karake yah chunauti di : ‘ya to apana rajy hamare havale kar do ya yuddh karo[6]’ dhire-dhire ve sarvabhaum satta par adhikar karane ke svapn dekhane lage.[7] is prakar ek dakoo raja rajaoan ka raja ban baitha.[2]
chanaky ka apaman
kuchh bhi ho itana to nishchit hai ki jis samay chanaky pataliputr aya tha, us samay dhananand vahaan ka raja tha. vah apane dhan ke lobh ke lie badanam tha. vah ’80 karo d (koti) ki sampatti’ ka malik tha aur "khaloan, goand, vrikshoan tatha pattharoan tak par kar vasool" karata tha. tiraskar mean usaka nam dhananand rakh diya gaya tha, kyoanki vah ‘dhan ke bhandar bharane ka adi’ tha.[8] kathasaritsagar mean nand ki ’99 karo d svarn mudraoan’ ka ullekh milata hai. kaha jata hai ki usane ganga nadi ki tali mean ek chattan khudavakar usamean apana sara khazana ga d diya tha.[9] usaki dhan sampada ki khyati dakshin tak pahuanchi. tamil bhasha ki ek kavita mean usaki sampada ka ullekh is roop mean kiya gaya hai ki "pahale vah patali mean sanchit huee aur phir ganga ki badh mean chhip gee."[10] parantu chanaky ne use bilkul hi doosare roop mean dekha. ab vah dhan batorane ke bajae, use dan-puny mean vyay kar raha tha; yah kam danashala namak ek sanstha dvara sangathit kiya jata tha. jisaki vyavastha ka sanchalan ek sangh ke hathoan mean tha, jisaka adhyaksh koee brahman hota tha. niyam yah tha ki adhyaksh ek karo d mudraoan tak ka dan de sakata tha aur sangh ka sabase chhota sadasy ek lakh mudraoan tak ka. chanaky ko is sangh ka adhyaksh chuna gaya. parantu, honi ki bat, raja ko usaki kuroopata tatha usaka dhrisht svabhav achchha n laga aur usane use padachyut kar diya. is apaman par kruddh hokar chanaky ne raja ko shap diya, usake vansh ko nirmool kar dene ki dhamaki di aur ek nagn ajivik sadhu ke bhesh mean usake changul se bach nikala.
dhananand aur chandragupt
grik vivaranoan ke anusar nand ki sena mean 2,00,000 padati 20,000, ashvarohi, 2,000 rath aur 3,000 hathi the. kartiyas ne to nand ki sena ke padati sainikoan ki sankhya do lakh ke bajay chh:lakh likhi hai. is shaktishali sena ko parast karane ke lie chanaky aur chandragupt ko vikat yuddh ki avashyakata huee thi. bauddh granth 'milindapanhoan' ke anusar is yuddh mean 100 koti padati, 10 hazar hathi, 1 lakh ashvarohi aur 5 hazar rath kam aye the. is vivaran mean avashy hi atishayokti se kam liya gaya haian. par yah spasht hai ki chandragupt aur nand ke yuddh ki vikatata aur usamean hue dhan-jan ke vinash ki smriti chirakal tak qayam rahi thi, aur janata usaki bhayankarata ko bhool nahian saki thi. milindapanho ke anusar nand ki sab sena, sampatti, shakti aur yahaan tak ki buddhi bhi nasht ho gee, to use chanaky aur chandragupt ke sammukh atmasamarpan kar dene ke lie vivash hona p da. parast hue nand ka chanaky ne ghat nahian kiya, apitu use apani do patniyoan aur ek kanya ke sath pataliputr se bahar chale jane ki anumati pradan kar di. sath hi, utani sampatti bhi use apane sath le jane di, jitani ki ek rath mean a sakati thi. par any prachin anushruti mean chanaky aur chandragupt dvara nand ke vinash ka ullekh hai.[11] nandavansh ka aantim shasak dhananand bahut durbal aur atyachari tha. kautily ki sahayata se chandragupt maury ne 322 ee. poorv mean nandavansh ko samapt karake maury vansh ki nianv dali.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ (jisaka ullekh sanskrit granthoan mean keval nand ke nam se kiya gaya hai,)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 chandragupt maury aur usaka kal |lekhak: radhakumud mukharji |prakashak: rajakamal prakashan |prishth sankhya: 34-36 |
- ↑ (pachchant-vasik)
- ↑ (mudrarakshas mean malay ka ullekh milata hai)
- ↑ (ratthan vilumapamano vicharanto)
- ↑ (rajjam va deantu yuddhan va).
- ↑ (sianhali bhasha mean mahavans tika ka moolapath)
- ↑ (mahavans tika)
- ↑ (mahavans tika)
- ↑ (aiyyangar krit-biginiangs aauf sauth iandiyan histri, prishth 89)
- ↑ maury samrajy ka itihas |lekhak: satyaketu vidyalankar |prakashak: shri sarasvati sadan nee dilli |prishth sankhya: 147 |
sanbandhit lekh