नज़ीर अकबराबादी

nazir akabarabadi nazir akabarabadi|200px|center poora nam nazir akabarabadi any nam vali muhammad (vastavik nam) janm 1735 janm bhoomi dilli mrityu 1830 abhibhavak muhammad faruk pati/patni tahavarunissa begam santan gulazar ali (putr) aur imami begam (putri) karm bhoomi agara karm-kshetr shayar mukhy rachanaean banjaranama, door se aye the saqi, faqiroan ki sada, hai duniya jisaka nam, shahare ashob adi bhasha arabi, farasi, urdoo, panjabi, brajabhasha, marava di, poorabi aur hindi nagarikata bharatiy inhean bhi dekhean kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi

nazir akabarabadi ki rachanaean banjaranama -nazir akabarabadi faqiroan ki sada -nazir akabarabadi hai duniya jisaka nam -nazir akabarabadi n surkhi guancha-e-gul mean tere dahan ki -nazir akabarabadi rotiyaan -nazir akabarabadi richh ka bachcha -nazir akabarabadi adami nama -nazir akabarabadi bachapan -nazir akabarabadi basant (i) -nazir akabarabadi basant (ii) -nazir akabarabadi basant (iii) -nazir akabarabadi shahare ashob bhag-1 -nazir akabarabadi shahare ashob bhag-2 -nazir akabarabadi dekh baharean holi ki -nazir akabarabadi holi ki bahar -nazir akabarabadi door se aye the saqi -nazir akabarabadi balapan-baansuri bajaiya ka -nazir akabarabadi bukhl ki buraiyaan -nazir akabarabadi jab kheli holi nand lalan -nazir akabarabadi holi pichakari -nazir akabarabadi eed ul fitar -nazir akabarabadi darasanae paigambare khuda -nazir akabarabadi shri krishna ji ki tarif mean -nazir akabarabadi guru nanak shah -nazir akabarabadi julf ke phande -nazir akabarabadi arasi -nazir akabarabadi pahuanchi -nazir akabarabadi jhalak -nazir akabarabadi ishq ki masti -nazir akabarabadi pet -nazir akabarabadi rakhi -nazir akabarabadi

nazir akabarabadi (aangrezi: Nazeer Akbarabadi, janm: 1740 - mrityu: 1830) urdoo mean nazm likhane vale pahale kavi mane jate haian. samaj ki har chhoti-b di khoobi ko nazir sahab ne kavita mean tabdil kar diya. tathakathit sahityalochakoan ne nazir sahab ko am janata ki shayari karane ke karan upekshit kiya. kak di, jalebi aur til ke laddoo jaisi vastuoan par likhi gee kavitaoan ko alochak kavita manane se inkar karate rahe. bad mean nazir sahab ki 'utkrisht shayari' ko pahachana gaya aur aj ve urdoo sahity ke shikhar par virajaman chand namoan ke sath baizzat gine jate haian. lagabhag sau varsh ki ayu pane par bhi is shayar ko jite ji utani khyati nahian prapt huee jitani ki unhean aj mil rahi hai. nazir ki shayari se pata chalata hai ki unhoanne jivan-roopi pustak ka adhyayan bahut achchhi tarah kiya hai. bhasha ke kshetr mean bhi ve udar haian, unhoanne apani shayari mean jan-sanskriti ka, jisamean hindoo sanskriti bhi shamil hai, digdarshan karaya hai aur hindi ke shabdoan se parahez nahian kiya hai. unaki shaili sidhi asar dalane vali hai aur alankaroan se mukt hai. shayad isilie ve bahut lokapriy bhi hue.

jivan parichay

dilli ke 'muhammad faruk' ke ghar barah bachche paida hue kiantu ek bhi jivit nahian raha. 1735 ee. mean terahavean bachche ke janm ke samay pita ne piroan aur fakiroan se taviz lakar apane navajat shishu ke jivan ki dua maangi. buri nazar se bachane ke lie is balak ke nak aur kan chhidavae ge aur ise 'vali muhammad' nam diya gaya. age chalakar vali muhammad ne ‘nazir’ takhallus se shayari ki aur 'akabarabad' mean rahane ke karan nazir akabarabadi ke nam se prasiddhi prapt ki.

janm

nazi़r ki janmatithi ka kisi ko pata nahian hai. d aau. saksena ka khayal hai ki ve nadirashah ke dilli mean hamale ke samay 1739 ya 1740 ee. mean paida hue the. pro. shahabaz ke kathananusar unaka janm 1735 ee. mean hua tha. khair, yah aantar koee khas nahian hai. unaka janmasthan dilli tha. keval ek tazakire ke anusar ve agara mean paida hue the lekin any tazakiroan mean janmasthan dilli hi ko mana gaya hai.

bachapan

1739 ee. mean dilli par nadirashah ka akraman hua par ‘nazir’ ke bachapan ko isase kya lena-dena tha!

dil mean kisi ke haragiz nai sharm nai haya hai
aga bhi khul raha hai pichha bhi khul raha hai
pahane phire to kya hai nange phire to kya hai
yaan yooan bhi vahava hai aur vooan bhi vah va hai ...
kuchh kha le is tarah se kuchh us tarah se kha le
kya aish lootate haian masoom bhole-bhale॥

dilli par musibatoan ke paha d ek ke bad ek toot pade़. 1748, 1751 aur 1756 mean ahamad shah abdali ke akraman lagatar hote rahe. dillivasiyoan par maut ka saya mandara raha tha. charoan or dar aur khau़f ka mahaul tha. nazir ke nana 'navab sulatan khaan' agara ke qiledar the. dilli ke bure halat dekhakar ‘nazir’ dilli se apani nanihal agarachale ge. us samay unaki ayu 22-23 varsh ki thi. unhoanne 'noori daravaze' par ek makan liya aur phir vahian ke hokar rah ge.

vyaktitv

‘nazir’ ka huliya pharahatulla beg yooan likhate haian -
‘nazir’ ka rang guandum-gooan (gehuana), kad miyana, peshani ooanchi aur chau di, aankhean chamakadar aur beni (nak) buland thi. dadhi khashakhashi aur mooanchhean b di rakhate the. khi dakidar pag di, gadhe ka aangarakha, sidha parda, nichi choli, usake niche kurata, ek baraka pajama, ghitali jooti, hath mean shanadar chh di, uangaliyoan mean firoze aur aqik ki aangoothiyaan.’’

agara se pyar

ek bar jab vajid ali shah ne unhean lakhanoo ane ka nimantran diya to nazir apane ghode़ par savar vahaan jane ko nikal pade़. jaise-jaise tajamahal aankhoan se door hua vaise-vaise unaka dil baithane laga. akhirakar ghode़ ko palataya aur phir kabhi agara chho dane ka khayal bhi man mean nahian laya.

vivah

agara mean hi 'tahavarunissa begam' se ‘nazir’ ne shadi ki, jinase unaki do santane huee. tahavarunissa begam 'ahadi abdurrahaman-khaan chagataee' ki navasi aur 'muhammad rahaman khaan' ki beti thian. muhammad rahaman khaan malikoan ki gali mean rahate the jo 'tajaganj muhalle' mean thi. ‘nazir’ ki do santanean thian, ek l daka 'gulazar ali' aur ek l daki 'imami begam'. imami begam ke ek l daki huee jisaka nam 'vilayati begam' tha. vilayati begam pro. shahabaz ke vaqt mean zinda thian aur unhoanne ‘zi़ndagani-e-benazir ke lie bahut si avashyak samagri di. yah urdoo sahity ka saubhagy hi hai ki imami begam ki l daki vilayati begam sanh‌ 1900 ee. mean zianda thi, jab 'aurangabad k aaulej' ke profesar 'maulavi saiyyad muhammad abdul gafoor ‘shahabaz’ ‘nazir’ ki lekhani par khoj kar rahe the. vilayati begam hi ki madad se pro. shahabaz ne ‘nazir’ ke kalamoan ko sanjoya aur ise duniya ke samane bataur ‘zindagani-e-benazir’ pesh kiya varana ‘nazir’ ke sath hi unake kalam bhi shayad dafan ho jate.

nazir akabarabadi ki pramukh rachanaean

banjaranama faqiroan ki sada jab kheli holi nand lalan richh ka bachcha hai duniya jisaka nam rotiyaan basant (i) basant (ii) basant (iii) holi ki bahar holi pichakari door se aye the saqi dekh baharean holi ki n surkhi guancha-e-gul mean tere dahan ki shahare ashob bhag-1 shahare ashob bhag-2 darasanae paigambare khuda shri krishna ji ki tarif mean guru nanak shah ishq ki masti pet rakhi

duniya mean apana ji koee bahala ke mar gaya
dil tangiyoan se aur koee ukta ke mar gaya
aqil tha vah to ap ko samajha ke mar gaya
be-akl chhati pit ke ghabara ke mar gaya
dukh pa ke mar gaya koee sukh pa ke mar gaya
jita raha n koee har ik a ke mar gaya॥

bhasha jnan

'mirza farahatullah beg' ka kathan hai ki ‘nazir’ ath bhashaean janate the - arabi, farasi, urdoo, panjabi, brajabhasha, marava di, poorabi aur hindi. nazir ne apani shayari sidhi-sadi urdoo mean am janata ke lie ki. us zamane mean ilmo-adab shahi darabaroan mean palati-panapati thi, par nazir hi ek aise shayar haian jinhoanne apane ap ko darabaroan se door rakha. navab sadat ali khaan ne unhean lakhanoo bulavaya aur bharatapur ke navab ne unhean nyauta bheja, par n unhean akabarabad chho dana tha n unhoanne agara chhoda़.

nazir ka kavy

‘nazir’ bahut purane zamane mean paida hue the. unhoanne lambi umr paee. unake marane ke lagabhag sau varsh bad unaki rachanaoan ko aitihasik mahattv mila. sambhavatah kisi aur sahityakar ko kirti itani der se nahian mili. isilie yah bhi sunishchit hai ki ‘nazir’ ki kirti ka sthayitv bhi any kaviyoan ki apeksha adhik hoga. abhi to sambhavatah ‘nazir’ ke kavy ki manyata ka shaishavakal hi hai. ‘nazir’ ko unnisavian shatabdi ke alochakoan ne, jinamean navab mustafa-khaan ‘shefta’ pramukh haian, nikrisht koti ka kavi mana hai. navab ‘shefta’ dvara likhit urdoo kaviyoan ke tazakire gulashane-be-khar ki rachana ke bahut pahale hi nazir paralokavasi ho ge the. kintu yadi ‘shefta’ jaisa vidvanh unake jivanakal hi mean unhean nikrisht koti ka kavi karar deta to bhi unhean chinta n hoti. nazir ne kabhi khud ko ooancha kavi nahian kaha, hamesha apane ko sadharanata ke dharatal par hi rakha. unhoanne apane vyaktitv ka jo bhi chitran kiya hai, usamean apana huliya biga dakar rakh diya hai. sahityik kirti ke pichhe dau dane ki to bat hi kya, unhoanne lakhanoo aur bharatapur ke darabaroan ke nimantranoan ko asvikar karake jis tarah milati huee kirti ko bhi thokar mar di, use dekhakar aj ke zamane mean jabaki sahity kshetr mean har taraph kuantha ka bolabala dikhaee deta hai, hamari aankhean ashchary se phati rah jati haian. ham samajh hi nahian pate ki ‘nazir’ kis mitti ke bane the.

nazir ki shayari

‘nazir’ ki shayari ko roshani mean lane ka doosara strot the unake shagird - lala bilasaray ke l dake- harabakhsharay, moolachandaray, manasukharay, vansidhar aur shankaradas. nazir in l dakoan ko 17 rupaye masik ke vetan par padhaya karane the. is chhoti si ay ne unhean mufalisi ka ahasas bhi dilaya tha. unhoanne likha-

jab adami ke hal pe ati hai mufalisi
kis-kis tarah se usako satati hai mufalisi
pyasa tamam roj bithati hai mufalisi
bhookha tamam rat sulati hai mufalisi
yah du:kh vo jane jis pe ki ati hai mufalisi॥

jab bhi ‘nazir’ koee she'r ya kalam kahate, ye l dake k aaupi mean likh lete. inhian k aaupiyoan se ‘nazir’ ke kalamoan ki janakari mili. chhoti si amadani mean bhi apani zindagi ijzat se guzarean, yahi unaki tamanna rahati.

yah chahata hooan ab maian sau dil ki arazoo se
rakhiyo ‘nazir’ ko tum do jag mean abaroo se॥

dharmanirapeksh shayar

nazir ek dharmanirapeksh shayar the.

unhean kuran aur pothi mean ek hi malik nazar aya jata hai haram mean koee kuran bagal mar kahata hai koee dair mean pothi ke samachar pahuancha hai koee par bhatakata hai koee khvar baitha hai koee aish mean phirata hai koee jar har an mean, har bat mean, har dhang mean pahachan ashik hai to dilabar ko har ik rang mean pahachan॥

unhoanne nanak ke samane bhi matha teka kahate haian jinhean nanak shah poore haian agah guru vah kamil rahabar jag mean haian yooan raushan jaise mah guru.. makasood murad ummid sabhi bar late haian dilakhvah guru nit lutfo-karam se karate haian ham logoan ka nirvah guru is bakhshis ke is azamat ke haian baba nanak shah guru sab sis jhuka aradas karo aur haradam bolo vah guru

krishna ke gun bhi gae tarif karooan ab maian kya us murali bajaiyya ki nit seva kuanj phiraiya ki aur ban ban goo-charaiya ki gopal, bihari, banavari, dukhaharana, mel karaiya ki giradhari, suandar, shyam baran aur haladhar joo ke bhaiya ki yah lila hai us nand-lalan, manamohan, jasumati-chhaiya ki rakh dhyan suno dandaut karo, jay bolo kishan kanhaiya ki॥

shaili

‘nazir’ ne jivan ka adhyayan b di sookshmata se kiya tha. sadharan si ghatana ko bhi ve asadharan tarike se bayan karate the. ve aise vishay par bhi shayari kar dete the jis par kisi any shayar ka dhyan bhi n jata ho.

ja doan mean phir khuda ne khilavae til ke laddoo
har ik khvaanche mean dikhalae til ke laddoo
kooche gali mean har ja bikavae til ke laddoo
hamako bhi dil se haiange khush ae til ke laddoo!

nazir prakriti ke bahut qarib the. unhean pakshi-palan ka bhi shauq tha. unhoanne itane pakshiyoan ke nam ginavae haian ki aj ki pidhi inhean janati bhi nahian hogi.

chandool, agan, abalake, chhappaan, bane, daiyar
maina v baiye, kilakile, bagule bhi saman-bar
tote bhi kee taur ke tuiyyaan koee lahavar
rahate the bahut janavar us pe d ke oopar..

shayari ki drishti se bhale hi ‘nazir’ ne radif, kafiya, uchcharan aur dhvani sauandary ka khayal n rakha ho par unaki rachanaoan ki saralata mean sarasata hai. unhoanne maut ko bhi ek kavita ke roop mean dekha tha.

marane mean adami hi kafan karate haian taiyar
nahala-dhula uthate haian kaandhoan pe kar savar
kalama bhi padhate jate haian rote haian zar-zar
sab adami hi karate haian murade ke karabar
aur vah jo mar gaya hai so hai vo bhi adami.

nazir ne apani shayari mean alankaroan ka sahara nahian liya par roopakoan ka atyadhik prayog kiya jisaki jhalak ‘hansanama’, ‘banjaranama’, ‘richh ka bachcha’ jaisi rachanaoan mean milati hai.

jab chalate chalate raste mean yah gaun teri rah jaegi
ik baghiya teri mitti par phir ghas n charane pavegi
yah khep jo toone ladi hai sab hissoan mean bant jaegi
dhi, poot, jamaee, beta kya, banjarin pas n avegi
sab thath p da rah jaega jab lad chalega banjara ॥

ek veshya motibaee par ‘nazir’ ki nazar padi़ aur ve itane fida hue ki usaki khubasoorati ka bayan is khoobasoorati se kiya-

doorez karishma, naz sitam
dhamazoan ki jhukavat vaisi hai
mizagaan ki sinan nazaroan ki ani
abaroo ki khichavat vaisi hai
palakoan ki jhapak, putali ki phirat
suramoan ki ghulavat vaisi hai.....

nazir ne apani javani mean khoob rangaraliyaan manaee. javani ke ahasasat unhoanne is tarah bayan kie-

kya tujhase ‘nazir’ ab maian javani ki kahooan bat
is sin mean guzarati hai ajab phesh se aukat
mahaboob parizad chale ate haian din-rat
sairean haian, baharean haian, tavajean hai, mudarat...
is dhab ke maze rakhati hai aur dhang javani
ashik ko dikhati hai ajab rang javani ॥

ab zara divali par unaki kavita ki banagi dekhie--

jahaan mean yaro ajab tarah ka hai ye th‍yauhar.
kisi ne naqad liya aur koee kare udhar ..  
khilaune, khaliyoan, batashoan ka garm hai bazar 
har ek dukan mean charagoan ki ho rahi hai bahar .. 
mithaeeyoan ki dukanean laga ke halavaee.
pukarate haian kah--lala divali hai aee  ..
batase le koee, baraphi kisi ne tulavaee. 
khilaune valoan ki un se jh‍yada hai ban aee  ..

pahala divan

• fraansisi shodhakarta garsin d tessi ka kathan hai ki ‘nazir’ ka pahala divan 1820 mean devanagari lipi mean likha gaya tha. mirza farahatulla beg ne joon 1942 mean haidarabad ke aga haidar hasan ke madhyam se do divan chhapae the. abhi bhi ‘nazir’ ki farasi mean likhi kritiyaan nazme-gazian, kadre-matin, bazme-aish, rana-e-zeba adi dilli vishvavidyalay ke granthalay mean surakshit hai.
• ‘nazir’ ke kavy ko sabase pahale 1900 ee. mean aurangabad k aaulej ke pradhyapak maulavi sayyad muhammad abdul gaphoor ‘shahabaz’ ne nikala. is shatabdi mean ‘nazir’ par jo kuchh likha gaya hai usaka udhar pro. shahabaz ki prasiddh pustak ‘zindagani-e-benazir’ hai. is pustak mean jo khoj-samagri hai usase adhik age badhana kisi aur ke lie sambhav n hua, yadyapi yah bhi sahi hai ki pro. shahabaz ne isamean alochak se adhik prashansak ka ravaiya apanaya hai.
• nazir ne budhape mean bhi apani ziandadili nahian chho di thi. ve janate the ki budhapa kitana takaliphadeh hota hai par sachchaee ko bhi unhoanne hansate-hansate bayan kiya.

ab ake budha़pe ne kie aise adhoore
par jh d ge, dum jh d gee, phirate hai landoore...
sab chiz ka hota hai bura hay budha़pa
ashik ko to allah n dikhalae budha़pa

• ‘nazir’ ne apana lamba jivan-safar svatantrata aur svachchhandata se guzara par aant mean tin varsh ve pakshaghat se pi dit rahe aur apane ghar ke aangan ke do pe doan ke bich apane pran taj die. yahaan aj bhi har baras basant ke tyauhar par tajaganj mohalle mean log jama hote haian aur is janata ke shayar ko dhol-tashoan, nach-ganoan ke bich shraddhaanjali arpit karate haian. aisa sama bandh jata hai mano ‘nazir’ ki rooh kah rahi ho:

yaan lutfo-karam tumane kie ham pe haian jo jo
tum saban ki e khoobi hai kahaan ham se bayaan ho
takasir koee ham se huee hote to bakhsho
lo yaro ham ab javeange kal apane vatan ko
ab tumako mubarak rahe yah pe d tumharo.

nazir aur holi

nazir ne urdoo shayari mean am jivan ke rang bikhere aur aise vishayoan par likha, jinh‍hean aj bhi sahith‍y ka vishay nahian mana jata. unh‍hoanne ata-dal, roti, rupaya, paisa, pankh, phal-phool aur sabhi th‍yoharoan par likha. nazir ne holi ke vishay mean likha-…

jab phagun rang jhamakate hoan
jab phagun rang jhamakate hoan tab dekh baharean holi ki.
aur daf ke shor kh dakate hoan tab dekh baharean holi ki.
pariyoan ke rang damakate hoan tab dekh baharean holi ki.
khoom shish-e-jam chhalakate hoan tab dekh baharean holi ki. ...poora padhean

khyati

miyaan ‘nazir’ ne lagabhag sau varsh ki ayu paee. unaka nidhan san 1830 mean hua. bharat jaise desh ka nivasi hokar bhi itani lambi umr pana apane jivan ke adhikar ka avashyakata se adhik upayog karana kaha jaega. kintu itani lambi umr ke bavajood ‘nazir’ ko aantim kshanoan tak kavi ke roop mean khyati n mili. unake marane ke lagabhag sattar varsh bad tak bhi alochakagan unhean ek pramukh kavi ke roop mean manane se inakar karate rahe. bisavian shatabdi mean likhe urdoo sahity ke kuchh pramukh itihasoan- 'abdul hee' krit ‘gule ra़na’ aur 'abdussalam nadavi' krit ‘sherulahind’ mean ‘nazir’ ka kahian ullekh bhi nahian kiya gaya. bisavian shatabdi ke madhy kal mean akar miyaan ‘nazir’ ubhare aur ubhare to aise ubhare ki alochakoan ke pas unaki nisprihata, dharmik sahishnuta, desh-prem, bhratri-bhav paini drishti ki prashansa karane ke atirikt aur koee chara hi nahian rah gaya. unaka sab thath p da rah jaega jab lad chalega banjara jaisi kavitaean, jo unnisavian shatabdi ke alochakoan ki drishti mean upahasaspad samajhi jati thian, ab kavita-premiyoan ke gale ka har ho gee haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• Father of Urdu Nazms :Nazir Akbarabadi
• nazir aqabarabadi (kavitaean)
• yani hai maanjha khoob manjha unaki dor ka
• bazar ke becharoan ka sach 'agara bazar'
• jab phagun rang jhamakate hoan (yoo-tyoob par dekhean)
• nazir akabarabadi
• nazir akabarabadi ki likhi krishh‍n lila--yaro suno braj ke lutaiya ka balapan
• najir akabarabadi aur unaki shayari
• nazir akabarabadi 1735-1830