भीमसेन जोशी

bhimasen joshi
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poora nam	pandit bhimasen gururaj joshi
janm	4 faravari, 1922
janm bhoomi	gadag, karnatak
mrityu	24 janavari, 2011
mrityu sthan	pune, maharashtr
abhibhavak	gururaj joshi
santan	shrinivas joshi (putr)
karm bhoomi	bharat
karm-kshetr	shastriy gayan
mukhy rachanaean	'mile sur mera tumhara'
vishay	shastriy sangit
puraskar-upadhi	bharat rath‍n, padm vibhooshan, sangit natak akadami puraskar, padm bhooshan, padm shri
prasiddhi	hindustani shastriy gayak
nagarikata	bharatiy
any janakari	pandit joshi kirana gharane ke gayak haian. unhean unake khyal shaili aur bhajan gayan ke vishesh roop se jana jata hai.

pandit bhimasen joshi (aangrezi: Bhimsen Joshi; janm- 4 faravari, 1922, g dag, karnatak; mrityu- 24 janavari, 2011, pune, maharashtr) kirana gharane ke mahattvapoorn shastriy gayak the. unhoanne 19 sal ki umr se gayan shuroo kiya tha aur ve sat dashakoan tak shastriy gayan karate rahe. bhimasen joshi ne karnatak ko gauravanvit kiya hai. bharatiy sangit ke kshetr mean isase pahale em. es. subbulakshmi, ustad bismilla khan, pandit ravishankar aur lata mangeshakar ko 'bharat ratn' se sammanit kiya ja chuka hai. unaki yogyata ka adhar unaki mahanh sangit sadhana hai. desh-videsh mean lokapriy hindustani shastriy sangit ke mahanh gayakoan mean unaki ginati hoti thi. apane ekal gayan se hindustani shastriy sangit mean ne yug ka sootrapat karane vale pandit bhimasen joshi kala aur sanskriti ki duniya ke chhathe vyakti the, jinhean desh ke sarvochch nagarik samman 'bharat rath‍n' se sammanit kiya gaya tha. 'kirana gharane' ke bhimasen gururaj joshi ne gayaki ke apane vibhinh‍n tarikoan se ek adbhut gayan ki rachana ki. desh ka sabase b da nagarik samman milane ke bare mean jab unake putr shrinivas joshi ne unhean bataya tha to bhimasen joshi ne pune mean kaha tha ki-

"maian un sabhi hiandustani shastriy gayakoan ki taraph se is samman ko svikar karata hooan jinhoanne apani ziandagi sangit ko samarpit kar di."

janm

karnatak ke 'g dag' mean 4 faravari, 1922 ee. ko bhimasen joshi ka janm hua tha. unake pita 'gururaj joshi' sthaniy haee skool ke hedamastar aur kann d, aangrezi aur sanskrit ke vidvanh the. unake chacha ji.bi joshi charchit natakakar the tatha unhoanne dharava d ki manohar granthamala ko protsahit kiya tha. unake dada prasiddh kirtanakar the.

sangit mean ruchi

bhimasen joshi jis pathashala mean shiksha prapt karate the, vahaan pathashala ke raste mean 'bhooshan gramofon sh aaup' thi. grahakoan ko sunae ja rahe ganoan ko sunane ke lie kishor bhimasen kh de ho jate the. ek din unhoanne 'abdul karim khan' ka gaya 'rag vasant' mean 'phagava' 'brij dekhan ko' aur 'piya bina nahi avat chain' thumari suni. kuchh hi dinoan pashchath unhoanne kuandagol ke samaroh mean savaee gandharv ko suna. matr gyarah varshiy bhimasen ke man mean unhean guru banane ki ichchha prabal ho uthi. putr ki sangit mean ruchi hone ka pata chalane par inake pita gururaj ne 'agasara chanappa' ko bhimasen ka sangit shikshak niyukt kar diya. ek bar panchakshari gavee ne bhimasen ko gate hue sunakar chanappa se kaha, "is l dake ko sikhana tumhare bas ki bat nahian, ise kisi behatar guru ke pas bhejo."

guru ki khoj

ek din bhimasen ghar se bhag nikale. us ghatana ko yad kar unhoanne vinod mean kaha- "aisa karake unhoanne parivar ki parampara hi nibhaee thi." manzil ka pata nahian tha. rel mean bina tikat baith gaye aur bijapur tak ka saphar kiya. ti.ti. ko rag bhairav mean 'jago mohan pyare' aur 'kaun-kaun gun gave' sunakar mugdh kar diya. sath ke yatriyoan par bhi unake gayan ka jadoo chal nikala. sahayatriyoan ne raste mean khilaya-pilaya. aantat: vah bijapur pahuanch gaye. galiyoan mean ga-gakar aur logoan ke gharoan ke bahar rat guzar kar do hafte bit gaye. ek sangit premi ne salah di, ‘sangit sikhana ho to gvaliyar jao.’ thumb|left|bhimasen joshi unhean pata nahian tha ki gvaliyar kahaan hai. vah ek any tren par savar ho gaye aur is bar pune, maharashtr pahuanch gaye. unhean nahian pata tha ki ek din pune hi unaka sthayi nivas sthan banega. rel ga diyaan badalate aur rel karmiyoan se bachate-bachate bhimasen akhir gvaliyar pahuanch gaye. vahaan ke 'madhav sangit vidyalay' mean pravesh le liya. kiantu bhimasen ko kisi kaksha ki nahian, ek guru ki zaroorat thi. bhimasen tin sal tak guru ki khoj mean bhatakate rahe. phir unhean 'karavallabh sangit sammelan' mean vinayakarav patavardhan mile. vinayakarav ko ashchary hua ki savaee gandharv usake ghar ke bahut pas rahate haian. savaee gandharv ne bhimasen ko sunakar kaha, "maian ise sikhaooanga yadi yah ab tak ka sikha hua sab bhula sake.” dedh sal tak unhoanne bhimasen ko kuchh nahian sikhaya. ek bar bhimasen ke pita unaki pragati ka hal janane ae, unhean ashchary hua ki vah apane guru ke ghar ke lie pani se bhare b de-b de gh de dho rahe haian. bhimasen ne apane pita se kaha- "maian yahaan khush hooan. ap chinta n karean."

pahala sangit pradarshan

varsh 1941 mean bhimasen joshi ne 19 varsh ki umr mean manch par apani pahali prastuti di. unaka pahala elbam 20 varsh ki ayu mean nikala, jisamean kann d aur hindi mean kuchh dharmik git the. isake do varsh bad vah rediyo kalakar ke taur par muanbee mean kam karane lage. apane guru ki yad mean unhoanne varshik 'savaee gandharv sangit samaroh' prarambh kiya tha. pune mean yah samaroh har varsh disanbar mean hota hai. bhimasen ke putr bhi shastriy gayak evan sangitakar haian.

buland avaz tatha sanvedanashilata

pandit bhimasen joshi ko buland avaz, saansoan par bejo d niyantran, sangit ke prati sanvedanashilata, junoon aur samajh ke lie jana jata tha. unhoanne 'sudha kalyan', 'miyaan ki to di', 'bhimapalasi', 'darabari', 'multani' aur 'ramakali' jaise anaginat rag chhe d sangit ke har manch par sangit pramiyoan ka dil jita. pandit mohanadev ne kaha, "unaki gayiki par kesarabaee kerakar, ustad amir khan, begam akhtar ka gahara prabhav tha. vah apani gayiki mean saragam aur tihaeeyoan ka jamakar prayog karate the. unhoanne hindi, kann d aur marathi mean dheroan bhajan gae the.

jugalabandi

thumb|200px|patni ke sath bhimasen joshi bhimasen joshi ko khayal gayaki ka skool kaha jata hai. sangit ke chhatroan ko bataya jata hai ki khayal gayaki mean rag ki shuddhata aur ragadari ka sabase sahi tarika sikhana hai to joshi ji ko suno. unhoanne kann d, sanskrit, hiandi aur marathi mean dheroan bhajan aur abhang bhi gae haian jo bahut hi lokapriy haian. bhimasen joshi ne pan. hariprasad chaurasiya, pan. ravishankar aur bal murali krishnaa jaise diggajoan ke sath yadagar jugalabandiyaan ki haian. yuva pidhi ke gayakoan mean ramapur sahasavan gharane ke ustad rashid khan ke sath bhi unhoanne gaya hai lekin samakalin shastriy gayan ya vadan joshi ji ka man nahian lubha pata tha. un par ek d aaukyoomeantri banate hue gulazar ne poochha- "ajakal ke jo gayak haian unhean sunate haian to kaisa lagata hai?" is par joshi ji ka javab tha- "hamane to b de gulam ali, ustad amir khaan aur guruji ko suna hai. vah kan mean basa hua hai. aj bahut sare gane vale haian, samajhadar haian, achchhi taiyari bhi hai, lekin unaka gana dil ko chhoo nahian pata."

gayaki ke bhimasen

bhimasen joshi us sangit ke pakshadhar the, jisamean rag ki shuddhata ke sath hi usako baratane mean bhi vah siddhi ho ki sunane vale ki aankhean muand jaean, vah kisi aur lok mean pahuanch jae. bhimasen joshi ki gayaki svayan mean is parikalpana ki misal hai. unhean gayaki ka bhimasen mean banane mean unake daur ka bhi b da yogadan hai. ye vah daur tha, jab maik nahian hote the, ya phir nahian ke barabar hote the. isalie gayaki mean svabhavik damakham ka hona bahut zaroori mana jata tha. gayak aur pahalavan ko barabari ka darja diya jata tha. joshi ji ke samane b de gulam ali khaan, faiyaz khaan, abdul karim khaan aur abdul vahid khaan jaise siniyars the jo gale ke sath hi sharir ki bhi varjish karate the aur gate vakt jinhean maik ki zaroorat hi nahian hoti thi. samakalinoan mean bhi kumar gandharv the, mallikarjun mansoor jaise akha debaz gayak the.

savaee gandharv mahotsav

ek samay tha, jab shastriy sangit darabaroan mean, gharanoan mean kaid tha. gandharv mahavidyalay, prayag sangit samiti aur bhatakhande vishvavidyalay jaisi sansthaoan ke ane ka asar ye hua ki am logoan ke bich shastriy sangit ki pahuanch tezise badhane lagi. lekin sath hi sangit ki gunavatta ke star par b da hras hua. joshi ji bhi manate the ki sansthaoan mean kalakar paida nahian kie ja sakate, kalakar banane ke lie guru ke samane samarpan hi ek rasta hai. bhimasen joshi deshabhar mean ghoom-ghoomakar kalakaroan ko khojate the aur apane guru ki yad mean shuroo kie ge 'savaee gandharv mahotsav' mean unhean manch dete the. pune mean ayojit hone vale is samaroh ki khyati itani hai ki yahaan prastuti dene ka avasar pakar koee bhi kalakar gauravanvit mahasoos karata hai.

pasandida rag

miya ki to di, marava, pooriya dhanashri, darabari, ramakali, shuddh kalyan, multani aur bhimapalasi bhimasen joshi ke pasandida rag rahe. lekin mauka milane par unhoanne filmoan ke lie bhi gaya. unhean desh ka bhi bharapoor pyar mila. sangit natak akadami, padm bhooshan samet anaginat samman ke bad 2008 mean joshi ji ko 'bharat ratn' se navaja gaya.

puraskar v samman

thumb|pan. bhimasen joshi
Pt. Bhimsen Joshi

• bhimasen joshi ko 1972 mean 'padm shri' se sammanit kiya gaya.
• 'bharat sarakar' dvara unhean kala ke kshetr mean san 1985 mean 'padm bhooshan' puraskar se sammanit kiya gaya.
• pandit joshi ko san 1999 mean 'padm vibhooshan' pradan kiya gaya tha.
• 4 navambar, 2008 ko desh ka sarvochch nagarik samman 'bharat rath‍n' bhi joshi ji ko mila. kala aur sanskriti ke kshetr se sanbandhit unase pahale satyajit re, karnatak sangit ki kokila em.es.subbalakshmi, pandit ravishankar, lata mangeshakar aur ustad bismilla khaan ko 'bharat ratn' mil chuka tha. bhimasen joshi doosare shastriy gayak rahe, jinhean 'bharat ratn' pradan kiya gaya tha.
• 'sangit natak akadami puraskar' se bhi unhean sammanit kiya ja chuka tha.

avismaraniy sangit

pandit bhimasen joshi ko mile sur mera tumhara ke lie yad kiya jata hai, jisamean unake sath balamurali krishnaa aur lata mangeshakar ne jugalabandi ki. 1985 se hi ve ‘mile sur mera tumhara’ ke jariye ghar-ghar mean pahachane jane lage the. tab se lekar aj bhi is gane ke bol aur dhun pandit ji ki pahachan bane hue haian.

filmoan ke lie gayan

pandit bhimasen joshi ne kee filmoan ke lie bhi gane gae. unhoanne ‘tanasen’, ‘sur sangam’, ‘basant bahar’ aur ‘anakahi’ jaisi kee filmoan ke lie gayiki ki. pandit ji sharab pine ke shaukin the, lekin sangit kairiyar par isaka prabhav p dane par 1979 mean unhoanne sharab ka poori tarah se tyag kar diya.

kirana gharana

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

vibhinh‍n gharanoan ke gunoan ko milakar bhimasen joshi adbhut gayan prastut karate the. joshi ji kirana gharane ke sabase prasiddh gayakoan mean se ek mane jate the. unhean unaki khyal shaili aur bhajan gayan ke lie vishesh roop se jana jata hai.

nidhan

bhimasen joshi b de sade iansan the. unhean kar chalane ka shauk tha. marsidij ki karean unaki kamazori thian. javan the to tairaki, yog aur futab aaul khelane ka shauk rakhate the. sharab pina unaka shauk tha, lekin kahate haian ki kॅriyar par asar hote dekhakar unhoanne pina chho d diya tha. sangitajnoan ke bich ek kahavat hai- "jab tak kala javan hoti hai, tab tak kalakar boodha ho chuka hota hai." joshi ji bhi tan se boodhe hue aur unaka nidhan 24 janavari, 2011 ko pune, maharashtr mean hua. aj ke sangit jagath mean bhimasen joshi ghar ke ek b de bujurg ki tarah the. bujurg, jinake roop mean ek poora ka poora yug hamare bich maujood rahata hai, jinaki upasthiti hi shubh ka, suraksha ka ahasas deti hai, batati hai ki ham anath nahian hue haian. joshi ji ke jane ke sath hi samakalin sangit ke sir se ek b de-bujurg ka hath uth gaya.

logoan ke vichar

pandit bhimasen joshi ke vishay mean kee logoan ne apane vichar vyakt kiye haian, jaise-

• ‘hindustani myoojik tude’ kitab mean lekhak dipak es raja ne bhimasen joshi ke lie likha hai ki "joshi 20vian sadi ke sabase mahanh shastriy gayakoan mean se ek the. unhoanne hindi, kann d aur marathi mean khyal, thumari aur bhajan gayan se tin pidhiyoan ko anandit kiya. unaki apani alag gayan shaili thi.
• raja ke anusar, "joshi ne savaee gandharv se gayiki ka prashikshan liya tha. unake sangit kairiyar mean ek se badhakar ek bejo d upalabdhiyaan shamil haian. joshi ji 'gramophon kanpani aauf iandiya' (echemavi) ka 'plaitinam puraskar' pane vale ekamatr bharatiy shastriy sangit gayak the.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• bhimasen joshi bharat ratn se sammanit
• sounak.com kirana gharana

sanbandhit lekh

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