प्रताप नारायण मिश्र
pratap narayan mishr
| |
| poora nam | pandit pratap narayan mishr |
| janm | 24 sitambar, 1856 |
| janm bhoomi | unnav, uttar pradesh |
| mrityu | 6 julaee, 1894 |
| abhibhavak | pandit sankatadin |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | hindi sahity |
| bhasha | hindi, urdoo, bangala, farasi, aangrezi aur sanskrit. |
| prasiddhi | lekhak, kavi, patrakar, nibandhakar, natakakar. |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| sanbandhit lekh | bharatendu harishchandr |
| any janakari | mishr ji bharatendu mandal ke pramukh lekhakoan mean se ek the. unhoanne hindi sahity ki vividh roopoan mean seva ki. ve kavi hone ke atirikt uchch koti ke maulik nibandh lekhak aur natakakar the. |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
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pratap narayan mishr (aangrezi: Pratap Narayan Mishra; janm- 24 sitambar, 1856, unnav, uttar pradesh; mrityu- 6 julaee, 1894) ko adhunik hindi nirmataoan mean se ek mana jata hai. ve hindi kh di boli aur bharatendu yug ke unnayak kahe jate haian. pratap narayan mishr ne ek lekhak, kavi aur patrakar ke roop mean vishesh prasiddhi paee thi. mishr ji ki bharatendu harishchandr mean anany shraddha thi. vah svayan ko unaka shishy kahate the tatha devata ke saman unaka smaran karate the. bharatendu jaisi rachana shaili, vishayavastu aur bhashagat visheshataoan ke karan hi pratap narayan mishr ko 'pratibharatendu' ya 'dvitiyachandr' adi kaha jane laga tha. mishr ji dvara likhe hue nibandhoan mean vishay ki paryapt vividhata hai. desh-prem, samaj-sudhar evan sadharan manoranjan adi unake nibandhoan ke mukhy vishay the. unhoanne 'brahman' namak masik patr mean har prakar ke vishayoan par nibandh likhe the.
janm tatha shiksha
pratap narayan mishr ka janm 24 sitambar, 1856 ee. mean uttar pradesh ke unnav zile mean vaije gaanv mean hua tha. ye katyayan gotriy aur kanyakubj brahman pandit sankatadin ke putr the. pita yuvavastha mean hi kanapur mean akar bas ge the aur ek jyotishi ke roop mean apani jivika chalate the. mishr ji akshararanbh ke pashchath apane pita se hi jyotish padhane lage. kiantu udhar ruchi n hone se pita ne unhean aangrezi pathashala mean bharti kara diya. tab se kee skooloan ka chakkar lagane par bhi vah pita ki lalasa ke viparit padhaee-likhaee se virat hi rahe aur pita ki mrityu ke pashchath 18-19 varsh ki avastha mean unhoanne skooli shiksha se apana piand chhu da liya. is prakar mishr ji ki shiksha adhoori hi rah gee. kiantu unhoanne pratibha aur svadhyay ke bal se apani yogyata paryapt badha li. ve hindi, urdoo aur bangala to achchhi janate hi the, isake sath hi farasi, aangrezi aur sanskrit mean bhi unaki achchhi gati thi.[1]
hindi ke prati anurag
pratap narayan mishr chhatravastha se hi "kavivachanasudha" ke gady-pady-may lekhoan ka niyamit path karate the, jisase hindi ke prati unaka anurag utpann hua. lavanau gayakoan ki toli mean ashu rachana karane tatha lalit ji ki ramalila mean abhinay karate hue unase kavy rachana ki shiksha grahan karane se vah svayan maulik rachana ka abhyas karane lage. isi bich vah bharatendu harishchandr ke sanpark mean ae. unaka ashirvad tatha protsahan pakar ve hindi gady tatha pady rachana karane lage. 1882 ke as-pas "premapushpavali" prakashit hua aur bharateandu ji ne usaki prashansa ki to pratap narayan mishr ka utsah bahut badh gaya.
masik patr ka sampadan
15 march, 1883 ko thik holi ke din apane kee mitroan ke sahayog se mishr ji ne 'brahman' namak masik patr nikala. yah apane roop-rang mean hi nahian, vishay aur bhasha-shaili ki drishti se bhi bharateandu yug ka vilakshan patr tha. sajivata, sadagi baankapan aur phakk dapan ke karan bharateandu kalin sahityakaroan mean jo sthan pratap narayan mishr ji ka tha, vahi tatkalin hindi patrakarita mean is patr ka tha, kiantu yah kabhi niyat samay par nahian nikalata tha. do-tin bar to isake band hone tak ki naubat a gee thi. isaka karan mishr ji ka vyadhimandir sharir or arthabhav tha. kiantu ramadin sianh adi ki sahayata se yah kisi-n-kisi prakar sanpadak ke jivan kal tak nikalata raha. unaki mrityu ke bad bhi ramadin sianh ke sanpadakatv mean kee varshoan tak nikala, parantu pahale jaisa akarshan ve usamean nahian la paye the.[1]
sahayak sanpadak
age ke samay mean san 1889 mean pratap narayan mishr 25 rupaya masik ke vetan par "hindisthan" ke sahayak sanpadak hokar kalakaankar ae. un dinoan pandit madanamohan malaviy usake sanpadak the. yahaan balamukuand gupt ne mishr ji se hindi sikhi. madanamohan malaviy ke hatane par mishr ji apani svachchhand pravritti ke karan vahaan n tik sake. kalakaankar se lautane ke bad vah pray: rugn rahane lage. phir bhi samajik, rajanitik, dharmik karyoan mean poorvavath ruchi lete aur "brahman" ke liye lekh adi prastut karate rahe. 1891 mean unhoanne kanapur mean "rasik samaj" ki sthapana ki. kaangres ke karyakramoan ke atirikt 'bharatadharmamandal', 'dharmasabha', 'gorakshini sabha' aur any sabha samitiyoan ke sakriy karyakarta aur sahayak bane rahe. kanapur ki kee naty sabhaoan aur gorakshini samitiyoan ki sthapana pratap narayan mishr ji ke prayatnoan se hi huee thi.
rachanaean
- kavy - 'kanapur mahatmy', 'tripyantamh', 'tarapati pachisi', 'dangal khand', 'prarthana shatak', 'prem pushpavali', 'phalgun mahatmy', 'braidala svagat', 'man ki lahar', 'yuvaraj kumar svagatante', 'lokokti shatak', 'shokashru', 'shrriangar vilas', 'shri prem puran', 'holi hai', 'divane barahaman' aur 'sphut kavitaean'.[2]
uparyukt rachanaoan mean se 'tripyantamh', 'tarapati pachisi', 'prem pushpavali', 'braidala svagat', 'man ki lahar', 'yuvarajakumar svagatantean', 'shokashru', 'prem puran' tatha 'holi' 'pratap narayan mishr kavitavali' mean sangrahit haian.
- naty-sahity - 'kali kautuk' (roopak), 'juari khuari' (prahasan, apoorn), 'hathi hamir', 'sangit shakuntal' ('abhijnan shakuntalamh' ke adhar par rachit giti roopak), 'bharat durdasha' (roopak), 'kali pravesh' (gitiroopak), 'doodh ka doodh aur pani ka pani' (bhan, apoorn).
- nibandh - 'pratap narayan granthavali bhag ek' - isamean mishr ji ke lagabhag 200 nibandh sangrahit haian.
- atmakatha - 'pratap charitr' (apoorn) - yah pratap narayan granthavali bhag ek mean sankalit hai.
- upanyas (anoodit) - 'amarasianh', 'indira', 'kapal kuandala', 'devi chaudharani', 'yugalaanguliy' aur 'rajasianh radharani' - sabhi upanyas prasiddh kathakar bankim chandr ke upanyasoan ke anuvad haian.
- kahani (anoodit) - 'katha bal sangit', 'katha mala', 'charitashtak'.
- sangrahit rachanaean - 'manas vinod' (pady), 'rasakhan shatak' (pady), 'rahiman shatak' (pady), aur 'sati charit' (gady).
samalochana
mishr ji bharatendu mandal ke pramukh lekhakoan mean se ek the. unhoanne hindi sahity ki vividh roopoan mean seva ki. ve kavi hone ke atirikt uchch koti ke maulik nibandh lekhak aur natakakar the. hindi gady ke vikas mean mishr ji ka b da yogadan raha hai. achary ramachandr shukl ne pandit balkrishna bhatt ke sath mishr ji ko bhi mahatv dete hue apane hindi sahity ke itihas mean likha hai- "pandit pratap narayan mishr' aur pandit balkrishna bhatt ne hindi gady sahity mean vahi kam kiya, jo aangrezi gady sahity mean edisan aur stil ne kiya."
shaili
pratap narayan mishr ki shaili mean varnanatmak, vicharatmak tatha hasy vinod shailiyoan ka saphal prayog kiya gaya hai. inaki shaili ko do pramukh prakaroan mean baanta ja sakata hai-
- vicharatmak shaili
- vyangyatmak shaili
vicharatmak shaili
sahityik aur vicharatmak nibandhoan mean mishr ji ne is shaili ko apanaya hai. kahian-kahian is shaili mean hasy aur vyangy ka put milata hai.[1] is shaili ki bhasha sanyat aur ganbhir hai. 'manoyog' shirshak nibandh ka ek aansh is prakar hai- "isi se logoan ne kaha hai ki man sharir roopi nagar ka raja hai. aur svabhav usaka chanchal hai. yadi svachchh rahe to bahudha kutsit hi marg mean dhavaman rahata hai."
vyangyatmak shaili
is shaili mean mishr ji ne apane hasy aur vyangy poorn nibandh likhe haian. yah shaili mishr ji ki pratinidhi shaili hai, jo sarvatha unake anukool hai. ve hasy aur vinod priy vyakti the. atah pratyek vishay ka pratipadan hasy aur vinod poorn dhang se karate the. hasy aur vinod ke sath-sath is shaili mean vyangy ke darshan hote haian. vishay ke anusar vyangy kahian-kahian b da tikha aur marmik ho gaya hai. is shaili mean bhasha saral, saras aur pravahamayi hai. usamean urdoo, farasi, aangrezi aur gramin shabdoan ka prayog hua hai. lokoktiyaan aur muhavaroan ke karan yah shaili adhik prabhavapoorn ho gee hai.
bhasha
kh di boli ke roop mean prachalit janabhasha ka prayog pratap narayan mishr ne apane sahity mean kiya. prachalit muhavaroan, kahavatoan tatha videshi shabdoan ka prayog inaki rachanaoan mean hua hai. bhasha ki drishti se mishr ji ne bharatendu harishchandr ka hi anusaran kiya aur jan sadharan ki bhasha ko apanaya. bharatendu ji ke saman hi mishr ji bhasha kritimata se door haian. vah svabhavik haian. panditaoopan aur poorvipan adhik hai. usamean gramin shabdoan ka prayog svachchhandata poorvak hua hai. sanskrit, arabi, farasi, urdoo, aangrezi, adi ke prachalit shabdoan ko bhi grahan kiya gaya hai. bhasha vishay ke anukool hai. ganbhir vishayoan par likhate samay aur ganbhir ho gee hai. kahavatoan aur muhavaroan ke prayog mean mishr ji b de kushal the. muhavaroan ka jitana suandar prayog unhoanne kiya hai, vaisa bahut kam lekhakoan ne kiya hai. kahian-kahian to unhoanne muhavaroan ki jh di-si laga di hai.
nidhan
pratap narayan mishr jitane parihas priy aur jiandadil vyakti the, utane hi aniyamit, aniyantrit, laparavah aur kahil the. rog ke karan unaka sharir yuvavastha mean hi jarjar ho gaya tha. to bhi svasthy raksha ke niyamoan ka vah sada ullanghan karate rahe. isase unaka svasthy dinoan din girata gaya. 1892 ke aant mean vah ganbhir roop se bimar p de aur lagatar dedh varshoan tak bimar hi rahe. aant mean 38 varsh ki avastha mean 6 julaee, 1894 ko das baje rat mean 'bharateandumandal' ke is nakshatr ka avasan ho gaya.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 sv. pandit pratap narayan mishr (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 24 agast, 2013.
- ↑ hindi ke gaurav pratap narayan mishr (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 25 sitambar, 2013.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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