प्रतिभा पाटिल

pratibha patil
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poora nam	pratibha devi sianh patil
janm	19 disambar, 1934
janm bhoomi	jalagaanv, maharashtr
abhibhavak	narayan rav patil (pita)
pati/patni	d aauktar devisianh ramasianh shekhavat
santan	rajendr sianh shekhavat (putr), jyoti rathaur (putri)
nagarikata	bharatiy
prasiddhi	bharat ki bhootapoorv mahila rashtrapati
parti	kaangres
pad	bharat ki barahavian rashtrapati evan rajasthan ki poorv rajyapal
kary kal	25 julaee 2007 - 25 julaee 2012
shiksha	em.e., snatakottar, qanoon ki upadhi
vidyalay	rajakiy mahavidyalay jalagaanv, maharashtr, vidhi mahavidyalay, mumbee
bhasha	hindi, aangrezi
jel yatra	1977 mean indira gaandhi ke sath 10 din ke lie jel geean.
any janakari	tebal tenis mean mahavidyalay aur vishvavidyalay ka pratinidhitv kiya. ek kushal khila di ke roop mean unhoanne kee puraskar bhi prapt kie. mahavidyalay ki 'byooti kvin' (saundary samrajni) banane ka saubhagy bhi prapt hua.

pratibha devi sianh patil (janm- 19 disambar, 1934 jalagaanv, maharashtr) svatantr bharat ke 60 sal ke itihas mean, madhy vitt parivar se uthakar desh ke sarvochch pad tak pahuanchane vali pratham mahila rashtrapati haian. inhean bharat ka barahavaan nirvachit rashtrapati banane ka gaurav prapt hua haian. inaka rashtrapati banana nari shakti ke sandarbh mean ek mahattvapoorn adhyay sabit hua hai. bharat ke lokataantrik itihas mean 21 julaee, 2007 ka din is karan kafi mahattvapoorn mana jata rahega, kyoanki desh ki azadi ke sath varsh bad ek mahila ko pratham bar ek rashtrapati ke roop mean nirvachit hone ka mauqa mila. 25 julaee, 2007 ko shrimati pratibha patil ne rashtrapati pad ki shapath grahan ki aur desh ki pratham mahila banane ka gaurav bhi prapt kar liya. pratibha patil kaangres parti ke sath kafi lambe samay se ju di rahi haian, aur rashtrapati pad ke lie chune jate samay vah rajasthan ki rajyapal thian.

janm evan parivar

pratibha patil ka janm 'jalagaanv' ke 'nadagaanv' namak gram mean 19 disambar, 1934 ko hua tha. inake pita ka nam 'narayan rav patil' tha, jo peshe se sarakari vakil the. us samay desh paradhinata ki janjiroan mean jak da hua tha. aise mean yah kalpana karana ki desh svadhin hoga aur svadhin bharat ki mahamahim rashtrapati nadagaanv gram ki ek beti banegi, sarvatha asambhav hi tha.

vidyarthi jivan

pratibha patil ke pita sarakari vakil the, is karan parivar mean beti ki shiksha ke lie anukool mahaul tha. pratibha patil ne arambhik shiksha nagarapalika ki prathamik kanya pathashala se arambh ki thi. kaksha char tak ki padhaee shrimati pratibha patil ne usi pathashala mean ki. phir inhoanne jalagaanv ke naye aangrezi skool mean kaksha paanch mean dakhila le liya. vartaman mean us skool ko 'ar.ar. vidyalay' ke nam se jana jata hai. vidyalay star ki pariksha uttirn karate hue bhi pratibha patil ne apane vyaktitv ka vikas any gatividhiyoan mean lipt rahate hue kiya. bhashan, vad-vivad evan khelakood ki gatividhiyoan mean bhi pratibha patil ka vaishishty bhav ubharakar samane aya. vah matr shaikshik pustakoan mean hi lipt nahian rahati thian, varanh vyaktitv ke sabhi pahaluoan ki or unaka dhyan tha. pratibha patil ko shastriy sangit ke prati bhi gahara lagav tha. tebal tenis ki bhi vah nipun khila di thian.

kushal khila di

jab pratibha patil ne jalagaanv ke moolaji jetha (em.je. k aaulej) vishvavidyalay mean pravesh kiya, to unaka vyaktitv kisi dabboo nari jaisa nahian tha. vah mahavidyalay tak apani bahumukhi pratibha ke karan pahuanchi thian. unhoanne tebal tenis mean mahavidyalay aur vishvavidyalay ka pratinidhitv kiya. ek kushal khila di ke roop mean unhoanne kee puraskar bhi prapt kie. em.e. karane ke bad pratibha patil ne apane kairiyar ka chunav karake qanoon ki padhaee karane ka nishchay kiya. rajakiy mahavidyalay jalagaanv se shrimati pratibha patil ne snatakottar upadhi prapt ki. yah bhi ullekhaniy hai ki sadagi ki pratimoorti pratibha patil ko mahavidyalay ki byooti kvin (saundary samrajni) banane ka saubhagy bhi prapt hua. isake bad unhoanne vidhi mahavidyalay, mumbee se qanoon ki upadhi prapt ki.

pita ka prabhav

kisi bhi vyakti ki manasikata par usake as-pas ke mahaul, desh-kal evan paristhitiyoan ka samagr prabhav p data hai. at: yah sambhav hi nahian tha ki pratibha patil in sabase achhooti rahatian. phir parivar ka mahaul bhi aisa tha, jahaan samasyaoan tatha prashnoan ko lekar kee vyakti unake pita ke pas ate rahate the. tab vakil pita unaka qanooni samadhan prastut karate the. pratibha apane pita narayan rav ko logoan ki samasyaoan evan savaloan ka samadhan karate hue dekha karati thian. is karan logoan ki samasyaean door karane ki abhivritti bhi unake svabhav mean vikasit ho rahi thi.

dampaty v vyavasayik jivan

patil parivar ki beti pratibha patil ka panigrahan sanskar d aauktar devisianh ramasianh shekhavat ke sath 31 varsh ki umr mean 7 julaee, 1965 ko sampann hua tha. peshe se shikshak devisianh shekhavat mool roop se rajasthan ke sikar zile ke gaanv chhoti losal ke nivasi the, lekin kafi samay poorv unake poorvaj jalagaanv (maharashtr) mean sthayi roop se a base the. shrimati pratibha patil ke ek beta aur ek beti haian. donoan ka vivah ho chuka hai. unake bete ka nam 'rajendr sianh shekhavat' aur beti ka nam 'jyoti rathaur' hai. dadi evan nani ke roop mean unhean ath bachchoan ka pyar mila hai. pratibha patil ne vidhi vishvavidyalay, mumbee se qanoon ki upadhi prapt karane ke pashchath apane pita shri narayan rav patil ki bhaanti vakalat karane lagian. vakalat ke peshe ke sath-sath jalagaanv ki garib evan adivasi mahilaoan ke utthan mean bhi vah mahattvapoorn yogadan dene lagian. us samay tak shrimati pratibha patil ka rajaniti mean jane ka koee irada nahian tha. vakalat ka pesha bhi achchha chal raha tha. unhoanne jalagaanv mean apani ek svatantr pahachan saphal edavoket ke roop mean bana li thi.

rajanitik jivan

jab pratibha patil samajik karyoan se ju di thian, tab kaangres ke neta anna sahab kelakar ne unamean chhipi rajanitik pratibha ko pahachana. anna sahab kelakar ne pratibha ko kaangres se jo d liya aur vah parti ki karmanishth sadasya ban geean. lekin us samay tak pratibha patil ki rajanitik mahatvakaankshaean shoony thian. phir aya 1962 ka vah daur, jo pratibha patil ke jivan ki dasha aur disha tay karane ke lie prarabdh ne poorv nirdharit kar rakha tha. anna sahab kelakar ne pratibha ko sakriy rajaniti mean ane ka nimantran dete hue vidhanasabha chunav l dane ka agrah kiya. jalagaanv ke edalabad vidhanasabha kshetr se inhean kaangres ka tikat prapt hua. maharashtr ke vidarbh kshetr ke jalagaanv zile mean vidhanasabha ki ek sit se aise chehare ko tikat prapt hua tha, jise rajaniti ka koee anubhav nahian tha. pratibha ki sadagi aur nishkalank chhavi ne edalabad ke matadataoan ko rijhane mean poori madad ki. pratibha ne bhi chunav prachar mean poori shakti laga di thi. log unaki sabhaoan mean bhari tadad mean a rahe the aur kaangres ki us mahila ummidavar ke vicharoan se prabhavit ho rahe the.

mantri pad

phir pratibha ne b de antar se chunav ki vaitarani par kar li. ek gair rajanitik mahila ne saphalata ka paracham laharakar rajaniti mean pravesh kiya. is prakar 1962 mean matr 27 varsh ki umr mean hi pratibha rajaniti mean sthapit ho geean. 1967 ke maharashtr vidhanasabha chunavoan mean unhean pun: chuna gaya. tab 1967 se 1972 tak inhoanne bataur rajyamantri jan svasthy, avas, paryatan, sansadiy kary adi mahattvapoorn vibhag saphalata ke sath sambhala. unake karyoan ki prashansa bhi huee. vibhinn vibhagoan se ju de rahane ka pratibha ko yah atirikt labh mila ki unhean mantralayik prashasan ka poorn vyavaharik jnan ho gaya. vah 1972 ke maharashtr vidhanasabha chunav mean bhi vijayi rahian. is bar unhean rajy ka kaibinet mantri banaya gaya. inhoanne paryatan, samaj kalyan aur avas vibhagoan ki zimmedari saphalatapoorvak nibhaee.

rajyasabha ke lie chunav

1979 mean kaangres parti ko maharashtr vidhanasabha chunav mean bahumat nahian prapt ho saka. isake bavajood pratibha patil pun: chunav jitakar vidhanasabha mean pahuanchi. tab julaee, 1979 se faravari, 1980 tak unhoanne vipakshi neta ki bhoomika ada ki. 1980 ke maharashtr vidhanasabha chunav mean pratibha lagatar paanchavian bar vijayi hueean. is bar unhoanne 1982 se 1985 tak kaibinet mantri ke taur par gramin vikas, samaj kalyan evan nagarik apoorti tatha avas mantralayoan ka karyabhar poori zimmedari ke sath sambhala. kaangres ke kendriy alakaman ki drishti pratibha ke karyoan par kendrit thi. yahi karan hai ki unaki yogyataoan ko dekhate hue inhean rashtriy rajaniti ke paridrishy par lana avashyak samajha gaya. inhean 1985 mean rajyasabha ke lie chun liya gaya. 1986 mean pratibha ko do varsh ke lie rajyasabha ke upasabhapati pad ka dayitv sauanpa gaya. is nayi zimmedari ko bhi unhoanne bakhoobi aanjam diya. unhoanne sadan sanchalan ka dayitv pad ki garima ke anukool kiya. 1990 mean apana karyakal samapt hone tak pratibha patil rajyasabha mean rahian. usake bad unhoanne apane grih kshetr jalagaanv mean jakar samajik samasyaoan ka samadhan karana arambh kar diya.

rajyapal ka pad

1991 mean kaangres parti ne shrimati pratibha patil ko amaravati sit se lokasabha ke lie apana ummidavar banaya. yah kaangres ka in par kiya gaya vishvas tha. isake poorv unhean kabhi bhi lokasabha ka tikat prapt nahian hua tha. amaravati sit se vah lokasabha ke lie chuni geean. kaangres parti ke lie pratibha patine ne apane jivan ke amooly varsh diye the. unaki samaj aur kaangres parti ke prati pratibaddhata ko dekhate hue 2004 mean unhean ek sarvatha nayi zimmedari pradan ki gee. is bar vah janapratinidhi nahian thian, balki unaka chayan rajasthan ke rajyapal pad ke lie kiya gaya tha. us samay rajasthan mean bharatiy janata parti ki sarakar thi aur vahaan bataur mahila mukhyamantri vasuandhara raje siandhiya thian.

sankatakalin paristhitiyaan

shrimati pratibha patil ko rajasthan ke rajyapal ke roop mean kary karane ka koee poorv anubhav nahian tha, tathapi ve rajyapal pad ki garima ke vishay mean poorn janakari rakhati thian. baharahal unaka rajasthan ka rajyapal banana is drishti se chunautipoorn kary tha, ki vahaan bharatiy janata parti ki lokataantrik sarakar thi aur svayan pratibha patil poorv mean kaangres ki rashtriy star ki rajanitijn rah chuki thian. rajasthan ki rajyapal ke roop mean unhoanne n keval apane kartavyoan ko achchhi tarah aanjam diya, balki bharatiy janata parti ki lokataantrik sarakar ke sath mazabooti se kh di bhi najar aeean. rajyapal ke roop mean shrimati pratibha patil ka maryadit acharan prashansa ka vishay tab bana, jab rajasthan mean gurjaroan ne arakshan ki maang ko lekar hiansak pradarshan kie aur s dak tatha rel marg ko badhit kar diya. usase ek qadam age badhakar yah bhi hua ki mina samaj ke log janajati arakshan mean bantavare ka virodh karane ke lie gurjar samaj ke mukabale mean a kh de hue. kuchh sthanoan par donoan samudayoan mean hiansak takarav bhi hua. rajasthan jaisa shant pradesh arakshan ke karan jatiy hiansa ki chapet mean a gaya tha. rajanitik dooradarshita se hi is takarav ko tala ja sakata tha.

dhairyapoorn vyaktitv

yah vah samay tha, jab sampoorn pradesh aur desh ki nigahean pratibha patil par lagi thian. logoan ko ummid thi ki 'l aau end aaurdar' ke poornataya viphal hone par rajyapal dvara rashtrapati shasan ki anushansa ki jaegi. lekin pratibha patil ne lokataantrik sarakar ko mauqa diya ki vah pradesh mean qanoon vyavastha ko pun: patari par lae. vah bhi tab jabaki sarvochch nyayalay ne rajasthan ki prashasanik sthiti par tikhi pratikriya vyakt ki thi. yadi koee any duragrahi rajyapal hota, to sarvochch nyayalay ki tippani ko dhal banakar rajasthan mean rashtrapati shasan lagoo karane ki anushansa kar sakata tha, lekin shrimati pratibha patil ne aisa nahian kiya. kendr mean yoo.pi.e. gathabandhan vali sarakar thi aur vam morcha usake sath tha. nivartaman rashtrapati e.pi. je. abdul kalam ka karyakal samapt hone ke bad unhean pun: rashtrapati chuna ja sakata tha. kaangres adhyaksh shrimati soniya gaandhi chahati thian, ki sarvadaliy sahamati se rashtrapati pad ke lie nam tay kar liya jae. is disha mean unhoanne apani or se pahal karake bhajapa tatha any rajanitik partiyoan se is vishay par charcha karane ka prastav kiya.

rashtrapati kalam ki anichchha

isamean koee sandeh nahian tha, ki yadi 'misail main' e.pi.je. abdul kalam ke nam par am sahamati ka prastav age badhata to unaka lagatar doosara karyakal nishchit tha. lekin kuchh samay pahale jab 'misail main', rashtrapati abdul kalam se pun: rashtrapati banane ke vishay mean midiya ne poochha to unhoanne anichchha zahir kar di. is karan shrimati soniya gaandhi ke samane unake nam par mazabooti se vichar kie jane ki koee avashyakata hi nahian thi. mahanh vyaktitv aur krititv ke dhani abdul kalam bharat ke sachche sapoot haian. unaka sampoorn jivan bharat ki unnati ke prayasoan mean hi gujara hai. kee rajanitik samikshakoan ka anuman hai ki yadi misail main ke sandarbh mean vipaksh ne us samay soniya gaandhi se batachit ki hoti, jab sarvasammati se rashtrapati nirvachit karane ka prastav kiya gaya tha, to unake nam par am sahamati avashy ban jati. lekin vipaksh dvara prastav thukara diye jane ke karan misail main ke pun: rashtrapati banane ki sambhavana dhoomil ho gee.

rashtrapati ka pad

rashtrapati pad ke lie yooan to kee namoan par charcha ki gee, lekin ant mean do nam rah ge the, jo yoo.pi.e. aur vam morcha dvara antim roop se vicharit hone the. donoan nam mahila ummidavaroan ke the-ek, gaandhivadi vicharadhara vali nirmala deshapande aur doosari, rajasthan ki tatkalin rajyapal shrimati pratibha patil. phir shrimati pratibha patil ke nam par donoan daloan dvara sahamati hote hi vipaksh ki ray lene ka iantazar nahian kiya gaya. pratibha patil ki ummidavari ghoshit hone ke pashchath basapa suprimo aur uttar pradesh ki tatkalin mukhyamantri mayavati ne pratibha patil ko samarthan dene ka bharosa dilaya, jo yoo.pi.e. tatha tatha vamadaloan ke lie rahat ka sandesh tha. isi prakar maharashtr mean shivasena pramukh bal thakare ne bhi maharashtriyan mahila ke rashtrapati banane ki rah ko hamavar banane ka irada zahir kar diya. isase pratibha patil ka rashtrapati bhavan mean jana nishchit ho gaya.

pad v gopaniyata ki shapath

14 joon, 2007 ko natakiy ghatanakram ke bad antat: yoo.pi.e. aur vamadaloan ne rashtrapati pad ke ummidavar ka nam antim roop se tay kar liya. vah nam tha-rajasthan ki tatkalin rajyapal shrimati pratibha patil shekhavat ka. shrimati pratibha patil se mauant aboo mean phon par bat karake unhean rashtrapati pad hetu ummidavar banaye jane ki janakari di gee. pratibha patil ne kuchh kshan hairani mean gujarane ke bad apani svikriti de di. tab midiya ko rashtrapati pad hetu pratyashi ki janakari di gee. is prakar ek mah se chal rahi vartaoan aur anishchitataoan par viram lag gaya. navanirvachit rashtrapati shrimati pratibha patil ne budhavar 25 julaee, 2007 ko aupacharik roop se desh ke sarvochch sanvaidhanik pad ka dayitv grahan kiya. unhean dopahar ke 2.30 baje sansad ke kendriy bhavan mean mukhy nyayadhish ke.ji. balakrishnan ne pad evan gopaniyata ki shapath dilaee. isake sath hi e.pi. je. abdul kalam bhi aupacharik roop se rashtrapati bhavan se vida ho ge. shrimati pratibha patil ne aangrezi mean shapath grahan ki.

shapath lene ke bad shrimati pratibha patil ne parampara ka nirvah karate hue nivartaman rashtrapati e.pi.je. abdul kalam se sit parivartit ki. tabhi unake samman mean sansad ke bahar 21 topoan ki dhvani gooanj uthi. yah karyakram 20 minat tak chala tha. is samaroh mean pradhanamantri manamohan sianh, lokasabha adhyaksh somanath chatarji, rajyasabha ke karyavahak sabhapati ar. rahaman khan, poorv uparashtrapati bhairosianh shekhavat, yoo.pi.e. adhyaksh soniya gaandhi, poorv pradhanamantri atal bihari vajapeyi evan indrakumar gujaral, lokasabha mean pratipaksh ke neta lalkrishna adavani aur rajyasabha mean pratipaksh ke neta jasavant sianh sahit mantri, rajyoan ke rajyapal tatha mukhyamantri maujood the.

mahattvapoorv p dav

1. 27 varsh ki umr mean 1962 ke dauran rajanitik jivan arambh kiya aur kaangres ke tikat par pratham bar maharashtr vidhanasabha pahuanchian. paryatan, samaj kalyan evan avas mantralay ka karyabhar dekha.
2. edalabad aur jalagaanv ki sitoan se lagatar paanch bar chunav jitakar vidhanasabha sadasy ke roop mean apani chhavi banaee.
3. 1985 mean rajyasabha ke lie kaangres pratyashi ke roop mean chuni geean.
4. pratibha patil neharoo-gaandhi parivar ke kafi najadik rahian aur unaki prabal samarthak thian.
5. shrimati indira gaandhi ko jab disambar 1977 ke dauran giraphtar kiya gaya to shrimati pratibha patil ne usaka virodh karate hue svayan bhi giraphtari di aur das din ke lie jel bhi geean.
6. maharashtr mean jab kaangres sarakar pun: satta mean lauti to vah sambhavit mukhyamantriyoan mean ek mazaboot davedar thian, lekin sanjay gaandhi ke vishvasapatr rahe e.ar. aantule ko mukhyamantri pad mila.
7. 1988-1990 mean rajiv gaandhi ne pratibha patil ko maharashtr pradesh kaangres kameti ka pramukh manonit kiya.
8. pratibha patil ne 'neshanal fedareshan aauf araban koaauparetiv baiank aauf kredit sosayati' ke nideshak pad par bhi kary kiya. vah neshanal koaauparetiv yooniyan aauf indiya ki adhishasi sadasy bhi rahian.
9. shrimati pratibha patil dasavean lokasabha chunav mean bhi kaangres (aee) ke tikat par amaravati sit se chuni geean. apana karyakal poorn karane ke bad unhoanne sakriy rajaniti se sannyas le liya.
10. ath varsh ki sakriy rajaniti se sannyas ke bad 2004 mean pratibha patil ko rajasthan ka rajyapal banakar ek nee zimmedari sauanpi gee.
11. maharashtr ki or se rajanitijn rahate hue rajyapal ka pad grahan karane vali mahila ke roop mean vah pratham, vaise dvitiy thian. unake poorv basant dada patil ne yah upalabdhi hasil ki thi.
12. inhoanne rajasthan mean jab rajyapal ka padabhar grahan kiya, tab vahaan mukhyamantri vasundhara raje evan vidhanasabha adhyaksh sumitra sianh bhi mahilaean hi thian.
13. 19 julaee, 2007 ko hue rashtrapati chunav hetu yoo.pi.e. ne pratibha patil ko ummidavar banaya, jinaka samarthan valadaloan ne bhi kiya.
14. pratibha patil ne rajyapal rahate hue rajasthan sarakar ke vivadaspad dharm parivartan nishedh bil ka virodh kiya.

samajik gatividhiyaan

1. mahila kalyanarth dilli evan mumbee mean karyakari mahilaoan ke lie avasagrih sthapit kiya.
2. janajati yuvaoan ke lie jalagaanv mean abhiyaantriki mahavidyalay (ianjiniyariang kalej) ki sthapana ki.
3. shram sadhana trast ki karyakari trasti rahian.
4. jalagaanv shugar faiktri ki adhyaksha bhi rahian.
5. sarakari nikay ke roop mean 'mahila vikas mandal' sthapit kiya.
6. jalagaanv mean netrahinoan ke lie 'audyogik prashikshan sansthan' ki sthapana ki aur garib bachchoan (vimukt jamati tatha adivasi) ke lie bhi vidyalay ki sthapana ka kary kiya.
7. jalagaanv mean 'mahila koaauparetiv baiank' ki sthapana ki.

vibhinn padoan par kary

1. 1962 se 1985 tak maharashtr rajy vidhanasabha ki sadasy rahian.
2. 1967 se 1972 tak jan svasthy, paryatan, vidhanasabha evan sansadiy mamaloan ke vibhag mean maharashtr sarakar mean upamantri pad par rahian.
3. 1972 se 1974 tak pratibha patil maharashtr sarakar ke samaj kalyan mahakame mean kaibinet mantri bhi rahian.
4. 1974-1975 mean janasvasthy mantralay evan samaj kalyan mantralay ka kary maharashtr sarakar mean kaibinet mantri ke roop mean sambhala.
5. 1975-1976 mean punarvas evan saanskritik mamaloan ka vibhag kaibinet mantri ke roop mean sambhala.
6. 1977-1980 tak maharashtr vidhanasabha mean vipaksh ki neta rahian.
7. 1982-1985 tak maharashtr sarakar mean kaibinet mantri ke taur par sivil saplaee evan samaj kalyan vibhag ka padabhar sambhala.
8. joon 1985 se 1990 tak rajyasabha ke lie chuni geean.
9. 18 navambar, 1986 se 5 navambar, 1988 tak rajyasabha ki upasabhapati ke roop mean kary kiya.
10. 1991 mean lokasabha ke dasavean chunav mean amaravati sit se pratham bar saansad chuni geean.
11. 2004 se 2007 tak rajasthan ki rajyapal rahian.
12. 25 julaee, 2007 ko bharat ki pratham mahila rashtrapati banian. inaka karyakal 25 julaee, 2012 ko samapt hua.

bharat ke rashtrapati

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