बीजक

bijak
bijak|150px|center
kavi	kabir
mool shirshak	bijak
sanpadak	abhilash das
prakashak	parakh prakashan kabir sansthan, pritam nagar, sulemasaray, ilahabad - 211001
prakashan tithi	sanh 1990
desh	bharat
bhasha	hiandi
vidha	ramaini, shabd
bhag	pratham

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'bijak' kabir vani ka pramanik granth kaha jata hai. yah kabir dvara hi likha gaya hai, isamean sandeh hai. kabir ne jis bhasha aur shaili mean apani vani kahi hai, vah unake sahityik evan shastriy nishtha ka praman nahian deti. kabir ki sakhi yah kahati hai- kabir sansa door karu, pustak deee bahay.

aur janashruti yah kahati hai ki masi kagad chhooyo nahian, kalam gahi nahian hath. tab unhoanne bijak granth likha hoga, isamean bahut sandeh hota hai.

maukhik upadesh

kabir ne to apane siddhant aur upadesh maukhik roop mean hi diye. unhoanne sadaiv "kahai kabir suno bhaee santo" hi kaha, "likhai kabir padho bhaee santo" jaisi pankti kabhi nahian likhi. at: jo vani unhoanne kahi, vah maukhik roop mean hi pracharit huee. yah bat avashy kahi ja sakati hai ki jo kuchh bhi unhoanne kaha, use unake shishyoan ne likha aur kabir ke nam se pracharit kiya. yah bhi sambhav hai ki shishyoan ki bahut si vani kabir ke nam se hi pracharit huee ho. yahi karan hai ki aj kabir ke nam se lagabhag 61 granth milate haian, jinamean se kafi sankhya aise granthoan ki hai, jo kabir ke bad likhe gaye aur jinamean un siddhantoan ki charcha hai, jinamean bahyachar aur karmakand ka niroopan vishesh roop se hua. kabir ne bahyachar aur karmakand ki sadaiv hi ninda ki. at: ve granth kabir dvara nirmit nahian ho sakate.

bijak mool granth

kabirapanthiyoan tatha samany pathakoan mean 'bijak' kabir sahab ke siddhantoan ka mool granth mana jata hai. kaha jata hai ki kabir ki chori se unaka ek bhakt bhagavanadas 'bijak' ki prati ko le bhaga. kahate haian bijak lekar bhagane ke karan hi yah bhagavanadas 'bhaggoo' ke nam se nindit hua. 'bijak' ki tika likhane vale 'vishvanath sianh joo dev' ne kabir sahab ke dvara kahi gayi bijak ke sambandh mean kuchh chaupaiyoan ka nirdesh kiya hai-

"bhaggoodas ki khabari janaee. le charanamrit sadhu piyaee..
kooo ap kah kalianjar gayoo. bijak granth chorai le gayoo..
sataguru kah vah nigura panthi. kah bhayau lai bijak granthi..
chori kari vai chor kahaee. kah bhayo b d bhakt kahaee.
bijamool ham pragat chihnaee. bij n chihno durmit laee.."

kabirapanthi 'mahatma pooran saheb' ne kabir sahab ke mukhy granth mool bijak ki jo tika likhi hai, usake anusar 'bijak' ke nimnalikhit gyarah aangoan ka nirdesh aur vistar nimn prakar se diya hai-

1. ramaini - 84,
2. .shabd - 115,
3. .jnan chauantisa -34,
4. vipramatisi - 1,
5. . kahara - 12,
6. vasant - 12,
7. chachar - 2,
8. beli - 2,
9. birahuli - 1,
10. . hiandola - 3,
11. . sakhi - 353.

• is bhaanti bijak mean chhandoan ki kul sankhya 619 hai.

'bijak' shabd taantrik upasana se sambaddh jnat hota hai. bauddh tantr mean jin sootroan se rahasyamay tattv ki upalabdhi hoti hai, unhean 'bij sootr' ya 'bijakshar' ka nam diya gaya. isi 'bijakshar' mean mantroan ki srishti mani gayi. is bhaanti bijakshar se shabd tattv ka bhi bodh hua. bauddh dharm ki vajrayani parampara se kalantar mean sant sampraday ke srot milate haian. is sant sampraday mean shabd ka bahut mahattv hai. sant sampraday ke kavy mean 'shabd' aur 'sakhi' ka vishisht arth aur mahattv samajha jata hai. isi 'bijak' granth mean 'ramaini' (37) mean 'bijak' ke sambandh mean vivechan kiya gaya hai-

"ek sayan sayan n hoee. doosar sayan n jane koee..
tisar sayan sayan dikhaee. chauthe sayan tahaan le jaee..
pachaye sayan n jane koee. chhathaye ma sab gail bigoee..
satayaan sayan jo janahu bhaee. lok ved moan deu dekhaee.."

"bijak vitt batavai. jo vitt gupta hoy.
aise shabd batavai jivako. bujhe birala koy." - sakhi

uparyukt uddharan mean 'bijak' ka sambandh 'shabd' se hi jo da gaya hai. sayan ki mimaansa nimn prakar se samajhi ja sakati hai-

• ek sayan-brahm,
• doosar sayan-maya,
• tisar sayan-trigun-(bhakti, jnan aur yog),
• chauthe sayan-charoan ved,
• pachayean sayan- paanchoan tattv (akash, vayu, agni, jal, prithvi),
• chhathayean sayan-man ke dosh (kam, krodh, lobh, moh, mad, matsar),
• satayaan sayan-shabd.

is bhaanti 'bijak' vastavik tattv ka bodhak hai. yah tattv sansar mean gupt rahata hai. 'bijak' ke dvara hi brahm ke vastavik tattv (shabd) ka bodh hota hai, jisase samast srishti ka nirman hua hai.

bijak ka mudran

kabir ki vaniyoan mean 'bijak' ka mudran sabase pahale hua. isaka karan hai ki kabirapanthi 'bijak' ko sarvadhik pramanik tatha adaraniy granth manate haian. riva naresh 'shri vishvanath sianh' ki tika ke sath 'bijak' 1872 ee. se pahale mudrit hua tha. padari premachand, poornadas, padari ahamadashah, maharshi shivavrat lal, vicharadas, sadhu lakhan das, hanuman das, bhagavan sahab, gosvami sahab, maharaj raghavadas, hansadas adi anek vidvanoan tatha santoan ne 'bijak' ka moolapath tika sahit sampadit karake prakashit karaya hai.

anuvad

• ahamadashah ne 'bijak aauf kabir' ka aangrezi anuvad kiya hai.
• hanuman das ne sanskrit mean 'bijak' ki vyakhya prastut ki hai. isaka prakashan phatuha patana se hua hai.
• kabir ki sampoorn granthavali ka sampadan shyamasundar das ne kiya hai. isaka prakashan 1928 ee. mean nagari pracharini sabha se hua.
• kabir rachanavali ka sampadan ayodhyasianh upadhyay ne kiya hai. inake alava padoan tatha sakhiyoan ke alag-alag sankalan prakashit haian. zyadatar sankalan kabirapanth se ju de santoan ne hi kiya hai.
• 'achary kshitimohan sen' ne kabir shirshak se char bhagoan mean kabir ki rachanaoan ka sankalan kiya hai.
• d aauktar parasanath tivari ne saiank doan granthoan ki chhanabin karake granthoan ko kabir krit n hone ka praman prastut kiya hai. tivari ji ne dadoo panthi shakha ki paanch pratiyoan, niranjani shakha ki ek prati, guru granth sahab, do bijakoan, do shabdavaliyoan, tin sakhi granthoan, ek sarvangi ek gunagajanama tatha achary sen ki rachanaoan ki tulana karake kabir granthavali ka mool path nirdharit karane ka prayatn kiya hai.

bhasha

niranjani donoan shakhaoan se sambandhit pratiyoan par rajasthani bhasha ka vyapak prabhav hai. inaki nirantar pratilipiyaan hoti rahian aur bhasha ka roopantaran hota raha. sakhiyoan par rajasthani ka prabhav apekshakrit adhik hai. padoan (sabad) tatha ramainiyoan par yah prabhav kam hai. d aauktar parasanath tivari ne is bhed ka koee karan nirdisht nahian kiya. vastav mean sakhiyoan mean jo chhand apanaya gaya hai, vah apabhransh ka dooha chhand hai. apabhransh bhasha ka kendr rajasthan, gujarat tatha sindh raha hai. apabhransh ka prachar-prasar lagabhag sampoorn hindi pradesh mean hua. uttaravarti apabhransh mean poorvi kshetr ke kaviyoan ne rachanaean ki haian. sarahapa aur kanhapa ke 'doha kosh' ki bhasha avahatth hai. yah bhasha rajasthan se abhiroan ke sath poorvi bharat mean kavy bhasha ke roop mean pahuanchi thi. vidyapati ne bhi apani do rachanaoan 'kirtilata' aur 'kirti pataka' mean isi bhasha ko madhyam banaya tha. sarahapa se lekar vidyapati tak bhasha ke dohare roopoan ka prayog parilakshit hota hai. in kaviyoan ne gitoan ki rachana poorvi bhasha mean ki hai aur dohoan tatha prabandh kavyoan ki rachanaean paramparit kavyabhasha avahatth mean ki haian. kabir ka bhashik adarsh isi parampara ke anuroop hai. isilie unaki bhasha mean rajasthani tattvoan ki apalabdhata ashcharyajanak nahian hai.

bijak kabir ka sarvadhik pramanik granth

bijak ke atirikt kabir ke nam se prachalit any vaniyaan kabir ke dvara hi kahi gayi haian, kyoanki unamean prakshepoan ki bharamar hai. parantu yah bhi nahian kaha ja sakata ki 120 varsh ke lambe jivan mean unhoanne bijak ke atirikt aur kuchh kaha hi nahian hai. bijak ke atirikt bhi unaki bahut sari vaniyaan haian; parantu unaki samast vaniyoan mean bijak sarvadhik pramanik hai. prasiddh vaishnav sant nabhadas ji maharaj ne kabir ki prashansa karate hue jo chhappay kaha hai, usaki ek pankti hai- "hindoo turuk praman ramaini shabdi sakhi."

ramaini, shabd aur sakhi ka yah kram kisi aur 'kabir vani' mean nahian, apitu 'bijak' mean hi hai. bijak hi aisa granth hai, jisamean kabir ka krantikari svaroop poorn roop ubhara hai.

bijak padoan ka goodhatv aur sootratv

bijak mean kabir ne apane namavachi kabir, kabira, kabira, kabiran, kabiran adi anek shabdoan ka prayog kiya hai. aisa unhoanne kyoan kiya, spasht roop se kuchh nahian kaha ja sakata. kuchh tikakaroan ke khyal se ye shabd ekarthabodhak haian aur kabir ne in sabaka prayog apane lie hi kiya hai, keval chhand pravah banaye rakhane ke lie matraoan mean her-pher hai. kuchh any tikakaroan ke khyal se uparokt sabhi shabd bhinn-bhinn arth bodhak haian. parantu donoan drishti ekaangi haian. uparyukt sabhi shabd har jagah kabir ke nam evan vyaktitv se bhinn arth rakhate haian, aisi bat nahian hai, parantu har jagah in sabaka ek hi arth kiya jae to poore arth ki sangati hi nahian baith sakati. udaharanarth-

bhrami bhrami kabira phirai udas; kabiran ot ram ki pakari,
ant chale pachhitaee; kabiran bhakti bigariya,
kankar patthar dhoy; jhootha khasam kabiran jana;
kabira banauri gavai; tatha tamahan bhrami-bhrami rahal kabira.

bijak hamean barabas hi sootr granthoan ki yad dilata hai, jisamean chhota-sa vaky bahut b de arthagaanbhiry evan bhav ko chhipaye rahata hai. bijak mean roopak, pratik, anyoktikathan, ulatavaansi shaili, kahian poorvapaksh ki manyataoan ka pradarshan karane ke lie kahe gaye vachan adi hone se har siddhant ke manane ko apane darshanik siddhant ki sthapana ke lie jagah mil jati hai.

bijak ki anek tikaean

deshi-videshi anek vidvanoan dvara bijak ko pramanik kabir sahity manakar usaki ab tak darjanoan tikaean ho chuki haian tatha aj bhi hoti ja rahi haian. bijak ki ab tak huee anek tikaean aisi haian, jinaki bhasha-shaili purani hone se vah aj sabaki samajh mean thik se nahian ati. kuchh mean to arth atyant aspasht evan bhramak ho gaya hai. aur kuchh tikaean to aisi huee haian, jinamean sare pakhand evan kuritiyoan ko jalakar rakh kar dene vala kabir ka krantikari vidagdhatmak roop hi ojhal ho gaya hai aur vahaan par kabir ko paramparaposhit bhaktakavi banakar rakh diya gaya hai tatha unhean kisi adrishy, ajnat shakti ke age gi dagi dane vala bhavuk bhakt bana dala gaya hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

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