भगवद्गीता -राधाकृष्णन भाग-5

3.pramukh tikakar

gita shatabdiyoan se hindoo dharm ka ek prachin dharm granth mani jati rahi hai, jisaki pramanikata upanishadoan aur ‘brahmasootr’ ke barabar hai aur ye tinoan milakar pramanik granthatrayi (prasthanatray) kahalati haian. vedant ke acharyoan ke lie yah avashyak ho gaya ki ve apane vishesh siddhantoan ko in tin pramanik granthoan ke adhar par uchit thaharaean aur isilie unhoanne in par tikaean likhi, jinamean unhoanne yah pratipadit kiya ki kis prakar ye moolagranth unake vishisht drishtikon ki shiksha dete haian. upanishadoan mean parabrahm ke svabhav ke sambanadh mean aur sansar ke sath usake sambandh ke bare mean vibhinn prakar ke sujhav vidyaman haian. brahmasootr itana samajik aur aspasht hai ki usamean se anek prakar ke arth nikal lie gaye haian. gita mean apekshakrit adhik susangat drishtikon prash‍tut kiya gaya hai, isalie un tikakaroan ka kam apekshakrit‍adhik kathin ho jata hai, jo usaki vyakhya apana matalab nikalane ke lie karana chahate hai, bharat mean bauddh dharm ke hmas ke bad vibhinn mat uth kh de hue, jinamean se pramukh advait arthath dvait ka n hona vishishtadvait arthath sopadhik advait, dvait arthath do ki satta ko svikar karana aur shuddh dvait arthath vishuddh advait the. gita ki vibhinn tikaean acharyoan dvara unake apane sampradayoan ke samarthan aur doosare sampradayoan ke khandan ke lie likhi gee. ye sab lekhak gita mean apane-apane dharmik vicharoan aur adhividya ki pranaliyoan ko dhooandh pane mean samarth hue, kyoanki gita ke lekhak ne yah sujhav prastut kiya hai ki yah shashvat saty, jise ham khoj rahe haian aur jisase any sab saty nikale haian, kisi ek akele gur mean baandhakar band nahian kiya ja sakata.
phir, is dharmagranth ke adhyayan aur manan se hamean utana hi adhik jivit saty aur adhyatmik prabhav prapt ho sakata hai, jitana grahan kar pane mean ham samarth haian. shankarachary ki tika (eesavi sanh 788-820) is samay vidyaman tikaoan me sabase prachin hai. isase purani bhi any tikaean thi, jinaka nirdesh shankarachary ne apani bhoomika mean kiya hai, parantu ve is samay prapt nahian hoti. shankarachary ne is bat ko zor dekar kaha hai ki vasvavikata ya brahm ek hi hai aur usase bhinn doosari vastu koee nahian hai. yah dikhaee p dane vala vividh-roop sansar apane-ap mean vastavik nahian hai; yah keval un logoan ko vastavik pratit hota hai, jo ajnan mean (avidya) mean jivan bitate haian. is sansar mean phans jana ek bandhan hai, jisamean ham sab phanse hue haian. yah durdasha hamare apane prayatnoan se nahian hataee ja sakati. karm vyarth haian aur ve hamean is avastavik vishv-prakriya (sansar) se, karan aur kary ki antahin parampara se mazabooti se jak d dete haian. keval is jnan se, ki vishvavyapi brahm aur vyakti ki atma ek hi vastu hai, hame mukti mil sakati hai. jab yah jnan utpann ho jata hai, tab jiv vilin ho jata hai; bhatakana samapt ho jata hai aur hamean poorn anand aur param sukh prapt hota hai.

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sanbandhit lekh

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