भगवद्गीता -राधाकृष्णन भाग-7
paramatma is sansar ka banane vala hai aur svayan paramatma se hi yah sansar bana bhi hua hai. atma aur sharir ki upama sansar ki eeshvar par poorn nirbharata ko soochit karane ke liy prayukt ki gee hai, thik usi prakar jaise ki sharir atma par nirbhar hota hai. yah sansar keval eeshvar ka sharir nahian hai, apitu avashisht bhag hai, eeshvarasy sheshah, aur yah vakyaansh sansar ki poorn parashritata aur gaunata ka soochak hai. sab prakar ki chetana mean yah poorvadharana vidyaman hai ki ek karta hoga aur ek karm ho; aur yah chetana se bhinn hai, jise ramanuj ne ashrit tattv (dharmabhoot dravy) mana hai, jo svayan bahar nikal pane mean samarth hai. ahan (jiv) avastavik nahian hai aur mukti ki dasha mean vah lupt nahian ho jata. upanishadh ke prasang, tath tvamh asi, ‘vah too hai’ ka arth yah hai ki “eeshvar maian svayan hooan;” thik usi prakar, jaise meri atma mere sharir ka atm hai. paramatma atma ko sanbhalane vala, usaka niyantran karane vala mool tattv hai’ thik usi prakar, jaise atma sharir ko sanbhalane vala mool tattv hai. paramatma ek haian; isalie nahian ki donoan thik ek hi vastu haian, balki isalie ki paramatma atma ke andar nivas karata hai aur usake andar tak pravisht hua hai. vah antarik margadarshak hai, antaryami, jo atma ke andar khoob gaharaee mean nivas karata hai aur is roop mean usake jivan ka mool tattv hai.
parantu antarvhyapita tadroopada (tadatmy) nahian hai. kal aur shashvatata, donoan mean hi jiv strashta se prithakh rahata hai. ramanuj ne gita par apani tika mean ek prakar ka vaiyaktik rahasyavad vikasit kiya hai. manaviy atma ke sugupt sthanoan mean paramatma nivas karata hai; parantu atma use tab tak pahachan nahian pati, jab tak atma ko muktidayak jnan prapt nahian ho jata. yah muktidayak jnan hamean apane sampoorn man aur atma dvara paramatma ki seva karane se prapt ho sakata hai. poorn vishvas keval un logoan ke lie sambhav hai, jinhean daiviy kripa isake lie varan kar (chun) leni hai. ramanuj yah svikar karata hai ki gita mean jnan, bhakti aur karm in tinoan ka varnan hai. parantu usaka mat hai ki gita ka mukhy bal bhakti par hai. ramanuj ne pap ki ghrinitata, bhagavanh ko pane ki tivr lalasa, paramatma ke sarvavijayi prem mean vishvas aur shraddha ki anubhooti aur eeshvar dvara varan kar lie jane ki anubhooti par zor diya hai. ramanuj ke lie bhagavanh vishnu hai. vahi keval ekamatr sachcha devata hai, jisake divy gaurav mean any koee sajhi nahian hai. mukti vaikunth ya svarg mean paramatma ki seva aur sahachary ka nam hai. madhv ne (eesavi sanh 1199-1276 tak) bhagavadgita par do granth ‘gitabhavy’ aur ‘gita-tatpary’ likhe. usane gita mean se dvaitavad ke siddhant khoj nikalane ka prayatn kiya hai. usaka kathan hai ki atma ko ek arth mean paramatma ke sath tadroop manana aur doosare arth mean usase bhinn manana atm-virodhi batean haian.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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