भारतीय डाक
| prakar | bharat sarakar ki aijeansi |
| udyog | sandeshavahak |
| sthapana | 1 aprॅl, 1854 |
| mukhyalay | nee dilli |
| karmachari | 4,66,903[1] |
| vebasait | bharatiy dak |
| sanbandhit lekh | dak sanchar, dak tikat, dakaghar, dak soochak sankhya (pinakod), postakard |
| uddeshy | mel, parsal, dhan-hastaantaran, baiankiang, bima aur khudara sevaoan ko tezi aur vishvasaniyata ke sath muhaiya karana. |
| any janakari | bharatiy dak desh mean sabase b da ritel netavark hai. samay ka sath dete hue is ne dher sari suvidhaean shuroo kian jinamean maniardar aur bachat baiank mahatvapoorn hai. |
bharatiy dak (aangrezi: India Post) bharat sarakar dvara sanchalit dak seva hai jo braand nam ke taur par iandiya post ya bharatiy dak ke nam se kam karati hai. bharatiy dak pranali ka jo unnat aur parishkrit svaroop aj hamare samane hai, vah hazaroan saloan ke lanbe saphar ki den hai. aangrezoan ne 150 sal pahale alag-alag hissoan mean apane tariqe se chal rahi dak vyavastha ko ek sootr mean pirone ki jo pahal ki, usane bharatiy dak ko ek naya roop aur rang diya. par aangrezoan ki dak pranali unake samarik aur vyaparik hitoan par keandrit thi. bharat ki azadi ke bad hamari dak pranali ko am adami ki zarooratoan ko keandr mean rakh kar vikasit karane ka naya daur shuroo hua. niyojit vikas prakriya ne hi bharatiy dak ko duniya ki sabase b di aur behatarin dak pranali banaya hai. rashtr nirman mean bhi dak vibhag ne aitihasik bhoomika nibhaee hai aur isaki upayogita lagatar bani huee hai. am adami dakagharoan aur dakiya (postamain) par bahut bharosa karata hai. tamam utar-chadhav ke bavajood itana jan vishvas koee aur sanstha nahian arjit kar saki hai. yah sthiti kuchh saloan mean nahian bani hai. isake pichhe barasoan ka shram aur seva chhipi hai.[[chitr:Post-office-kolkata.jpg|thumb|left|dakaghar, kolakata]]
lakshy
- desh ke pratyek nagarik ke jivan ko mahasoos karate hue duniya mean apani sabase b di dak netavark ki sthiti ko banaye rakhana.
- mel, parsal, dhan-hastaantaran, baiankiang, bima aur khudara sevaoan ko tezi aur vishvasaniyata ke sath muhaiya karana.
- dhan ke mooly ke adhar par grahakoan ko seva muhaiya karana.
- yah sunishchit karana ki karmachariyoan ko hamari mukhy shakti hone par garv mahasoos ho aur grahakoan ki seva manav sparshata ke sath kar sakean.
- samajik seva suraksha ko jari rakhana aur bharat sarakar ke manch ke rup mean apane ap ko aantim mil ke rup mean saksham rakhana.[2]
shuruat
aj bharatiy dak ke nam se prasiddh is pranali ki shurooat 1 aktoobar, 1854 ko ek mahanideshak ke niyantran vale 701 dakagharoan ke netavark ke sath huee. 1854 ke 'dakaghar adhiniyam' ne dakaghar prabandhan ka sampoorn ekadhikar aur patroan ke sanvahan ka visheshadhikar sarakar ko pradatt karate hue tatkalin dak pranali ko sanshodhit kiya. isi sal 'rel dak seva' ki bhi sthapana huee aur bharat se briten aur chin ke bich 'samudri dak seva' bhi shuroo ki gee. isi varsh desh bhar mean pahala vaidh dak tikat bhi jari kiya gaya. samajik badalav ko gati pradan karane ki bhoomika nibhata hua vartaman bharatiy dak vibhag parampara aur adhunikata ka samavesh hai.[[chitr:Post-office-lucknow.jpg|left|thumb|dakaghar, lakhanoo]] ek lakh 55 hazar se bhi zyada dakagharoan vala yah tantr vishv ki sabase b di dak pranali hai.[3]
desh ka sabase b da netavark
bharatiy dak desh mean sab se b da ritel netavark bhi hai. samay ka sath dete hue is ne dher sari suvidhaean shuroo kian jinamean maniardar aur bachat baiank mahatvapoorn hai. yah desh ka pahala bachat baiank tha aur aj isake 16 karo d se bhi zyada khatedar haian aur dakagharoan ke khate mean do karo d 60 lakh karo d se bhi adhik rashi jama hai. dak vibhag ka kahana hai ki dak vibhag ka salana rajasv 1570 karo d se bhi adhik hai. vartaman avashyakataoan ko dekhate hue ee-gavarneans, ee-post aur spid post ityadi ki shurooat ki ja chuki hai. bharatiy dak ne apane vishesh dak tikatoan ke dvara mahatvapoorn avasar, vyakti aur ghatana ko farst de kavar yani pratham divas avaran se pradarshit bhi kiya hai.[3]
dakiya
harek paranparik samuday ke lok sahity mean dakiye ka sthan kafi ooancha hai. bharat mean prayah sabhi kshetriy bhashaoan mean dakie ki kahaniyaan aur kavitaean mil jaeangi. purane zamane mean harek dakie ko dhol bajane vala milata tha jo jangali rastoan se gujarate samay dakie ki sahayata karata tha. rat ghirane ke bad khataranak rastoan se gujarate samay dakie ke sath do mashalachi aur do tirandaz bhi chalate the. aise kee kisse milate haian jinamean dakie ko sher utha le gaya ya vah uphanati nadi mean doob gaya ya use jaharile saanp ne kat liya ya vah chattan phisalane ya mitti girane se dab gaya ya choroan ne usaki hatya kar di. bharat sarakar ke jan soochana nideshak ne 1923 mean sansad ko bataya tha ki varsh 1921-22 ke dauran rahajani karane vale choroan dvara dak lootane ki 57 ghatanaean huee thian, jabaki isake pichhale sal aise 36 mamale hue the . 457 mamaloan mean se sat mamaloan mean logoan ki janean gee thian, 13 mamaloan mean dakiye ghayal ho ge the.[4]
bharatiy dak karyalay ka safaranama
| varsh | kary |
|---|---|
| 1766 | l aaurd klaiv dvara pratham dak vyavastha bharat mean sthapit ki gayi. |
| 1774 | varen hestiangs ne kalakatta mean pradhan dakaghar (GPO) sthapit kiya. |
| 1786 | madras mean pradhan dakaghar (GPO) ki sthapana ki gayi. |
| 1793 | bambee mean pradhan dakaghar (GPO) ki sthapana ki gayi. |
| 1854 | bharat mean post aaufis ko pratham bar 1 aktoobar, 1854 ko rashtriy mahattv ke prithakh roop se dayarektar janaral ke sanyukt niyantran ke aantargat manyata mili. 1 aktoobar, 2004 tak ke saphar ko 150 varsh ke roop mean manaya gaya. dak vibhag ki sthapana isi samay se mani jati hai. |
| 1863 | rel dak seva arambh ki gee. |
| 1873 | naqqashidar lifafe ki bikri prarambh ki gayi. |
| 1876 | bharat parsal postal yooniyan mean shamil kiya gaya. |
| 1877 | vipipi aur parsal seva arambh ki gayi. |
| 1879 | postakard arambh kiya gaya. |
| 1880 | maniaaurdar seva prarambh ki gee. |
| 1911 | pratham eyaramel seva ilahabad se naini dak se bheji gee. |
| 1935 | indiyan postal aaurdar prarambh hua. |
| 1972 | pin kod prarambh kiya gaya. |
| 1984 | dik jivan bima ka prarambh kiya gaya. |
| 1985 | post aur telik aaum vibhag prithakh kiye ge. |
| 1986 | spid post seva (EME) shuroo ki gayi. |
| 1990 | dak vibhag mumbee v chennee mean do svachalit dak prasanskaran kendr sthapit kiye ge. |
| 1995 | gramin dak jivan bima ki shuruat ki gayi. |
| 1996 | midiya dak seva ka prarambh hua. |
| 1997 | bijanes post seva ko arambh kiya gaya. |
| 1998 | upagrah dak seva shuroo ki gayi. |
| 1999 | data dak v eksapres dak seva prarambh ki gayi. |
| 2000 | gritiang post seva prarambh ki gayi. |
| 2001 | ilektr aaunik fand traansafar seva (EFT) prarambh ki gayi. |
| 2002 | iantaranet adharit traik evan teks seva ki shuruat ki gayi. |
| 2003 | bil mel seva prarambh ki gayi. |
| 2004 | ee-post seva ki shuruat ki gayi. |
| 2004 | lojistiks post seva prarambh ki gee. |
| 2005 | dayarekt mel seva prarambh ki gee. |
| 2005 | bil mel seva prarambh ki gee. |
| 2006 | aee.em.o. (Instant Money Order) prarambh ki gee. |
| 2008 | ee-maniaaurdar seva prarambh ki gee. |
bharatiy dak ki uthkrishht sevaean
[[chitr:Post-office-mumbai.jpg|thumb|dakaghar, mumbee]] bharatiy dak apani paramparagat chhavi se hat kar samaj ke prati vachanabaddh, praudyogiki yukht aur dooradarshi sangathan ke roop mean ubhar raha hai. samooche bharat mean 1,55,015 dakagharoan ka vishal tantr phaila hua hai jisamean se 1,39,144 gramin kshetroan mean haian, jo vishhv bhar mean dak gharoan ka sabase b da tantr hai. dak vibhag jin shthanoan mean dak ghar nahian khol paya hai, vahaan ki maang ko poori karane ke lie ab tak 850 dak gharoan ki sevaean upalabhdh karaee ja rahi hai. yah tantr n keval sabhi nagarikoan ke lie avashhyak dak sevaean upalabhdh karane ka samajik dayithv poora karane mean madad kar raha hai balki in kshetroan mean arthik gatividhiyoan ke lie bhi uthprerak ka kam kar raha hai. kamhphyootaroan ke pragatishil ishtemal aur ek hi shthan par madhyam se ju dane ka tantr kayam karake dak ghar khudara uthpadoan aur anhy sevaoan ko bharatiy dak ke madhhyam se bhejane ka ek ekikrit madhhyam upalabhdh karata hai. parivartit dak shvaroop ke roop mean upabhokhta se vhyapar tatha karobar se anhy vhyaparik shthanoan tak ke varg mean dak seva ke vishtar mean paryapht vriddhi hoti rahi hai. sevaoan aur suvidhaoan ke mamale mean samanhy logoan ki ashaean nirantar badhati ja rahi haian aur usase arthik paridrishhy mean parivartan ata ja raha hai. sarakarean aur nigamit kshetroan ne am logoan tak pahuanchane ke lie bharatiy dak ke vishal tantr aur vishvasaniyata ka ishtemal karana shuroo kar diya hai. dak gharoan ke madhhyam se upalabhdh karaee jane vali kuchh sevaean nimnalikhit haian-
rashhtriy gramin rojagar garanti shkim (enareejies)
dak vibhag ke dakakhanoan ko dak karyalay bachat baiank khata ke jarie enareejies ke labharthiyoan ko vetan ki jimhmedari di gee hai. is prakar ki seva 2006 mean aandhr pradesh dak sarkil se shuroo ki gee hai. enareejies ke aantargat vetan bhugatan is samay 21 rajhyoan ke 19 dak sarkiloan mean lagoo hai. 1 lakh dak gharoan ke jarie is shkim ka sanchalan kiya ja raha hai. march 2011 (julaee 2011) se ab tak enareejies ke lagabhag 4.9 karo d (5.04) khate khole ja chuke haian aur sirph is vithtiy varsh ke dauran hi 7300 karo d rupaye vitarit kiye ja chuke haian.
es. bi. aee. ke sath gathabandhan
bharatiy dak ka bharatiy stet baiank ke sath samajhauta hua hai ki vah nirdharit dak gharoan ke madhhyam se apani astiyoan aur day uthpadoan ki bikri karegean. praramhbh mean yah shkim paanch rajhyoan mean shuroo ki gee thi. bad mean 23 rajhyoan aur keandrashasit pradeshoan mean bhi shuroo kar diya gaya. shuroo kiye gaye vibhinhn prakar ke khatoan ki kul sankhhya 1.04 lakh aur bikri ki gee kul astiyaan 17 karo d rupaye tak pahuanch geean.[[chitr:Post-office-ooty.jpg|left|thumb|dakaghar, darjiliang]]
nabard ke sath gathabandhan
nabard ke sath sahayog karate hue dak vibhag ejeansi adhar par chinhhit dak gharoan ke madhhyam se shvayan sahayata samooh (esechaji) ke lie maikro kredit suvidha nabard ke sath milakar upalabhdh karayegi. bad mean is shkim ko 23 rajhyoan aur keandr shasit pradeshoan mean bhi lagoo kar diya jaega. vibhinhn prakar ke khole ge khatoan ki kul sankhhya 1.04 lakh ho garhi hai aur kul bikri ki astiyaan 17 karo d rupaye tak ho gee. dak vibhag, nabard ke sath milakar ejeansi ke adhar par chinhhit dakagharoan ke madhhyam se shvayan sahayata samoohoan ke lie sookshm rrin (maikro kredit) suvidha upalabhdh kara raha hai. prayog ke taur par, paanch ziloan mean isaka kary sanchalan kiya ja raha hai. isamean tamilanadu sarkil ke sat divijanoan ko sammilit kiya ja raha hai. is rivalviang phand ki sahayata rashi badhakar 3 karo d kar di gee hai. is shkim se 1,200 shvayan sahayata samoohoan ko labh mil raha hai.
sone ke sikhkoan ki bikri
'rilayans mani limited' ke sath milakar sone ke sikhkoan ki bikri kuchh chune hue dak gharoan mean aktoobar, 2008 mean shuroo ki gee . yah shkim 21 rajhyoan mean 672 dak karyalayoan mean upalabhdh hai.
vriddhavashtha peanshan
vriddhavashtha peanshan ka bihar, dilli, jharakhand aur uthtar-poorvi rajhyoan mean 20 lakh posht aauphis bachat khatoan ke madhhyam se tatha jamhmoo-kashhmir, karnatak, himachal pradesh, gujarat, rajasthan aur tamilanadu mean mani aaurdar ke jarie bhugatan kiya ja raha hai.
ar. ti. aee. avedanoan ki aaunalain svikriti
dak vibhag soochana ke adhikar qanoon ke kriyanhvayan mean kenhdr sarakar ke adhin anhy lok pradhikariyoan ko sahayata de raha hai. yah kenhdriy sahayak jan soochana adhikariyoan ke jarie sevaean pradan kar raha hai. tahasil star ke up posht mashtar bataur kenhdriy sahayak jan soochana adhikari kam kar rahe haian aur aratiaee anurodh evan avedan shvikar kar rahe haian. vibhag ne 4000 dak gharoan ko aratiaee avedan shvikar kar use lok pradhikariyoan tak pahuanchane ke lie nirdishht kiya hai. isake lie ek aratiaee s aauphtaveyar vikasit kiya gaya hai.
relave tikat arakshan
dak gharoan ke madhhyam se vartaman mean 170 jagahoan se relave ke tikat beche ja rahe haian. is yojana ka vishtar gaanvoan mean bhi kiya jaega.
rooral prais iandekhs data kalekhshan
saankhyikiy evan karyakram kriyanhvayan mantralay ne aktoobar 2009 se desh ke 1183 dak gharoan ko 'rooral prais iandekhs' tay karane ke lie aank de ikaththa karane ki jimhmedari sauanpi hai. kisi nishhchit kary divas mean dak ghar ke posht mashtar 185 se 292 vashtuoan ki kimatean jutate haian. sangrah kie ge aankade ilekhtr aaunik madhhyam se saankhyikiy evan karyakram kriyanhvayan mantralay ko preshit kie jate haian. is kary se dak vibhag ko 7 karod 33 lakh rupe ki ay huee.
yoonik aidenhtifikeshan namhbar (adhar nanbar)
dak vibhag desh ke sabhi nagarikoan tak adhar nanbar vitarit kar is mamale mean poorn samadhan upalabhdh karane ka prayas kar raha hai. dak gharoan ke vishal netavark ke sath dak vibhag hi ek matr aisa vibhag hai jo yoonik aidenhtiphikeshan namhbar se jude sabhi samadhan upalabhdh kara sakata hai. yoonik aidenhtiphikeshan ath aauriti aauph inhdiya, yooarhidieaee ka uddeshhy desh ke sabhi nagarikoan ko adhar nanbar upalabhdh karana hai. [[chitr:Gpo mumbai.jpg|thumb|dakaghar, mumbee]] isi vishal netavark ke jarie yah desh ke har nagarik tak apani pahuanch rakhata hai. isi ko dhhyan mean rakhate hue bharatiy vishishht pahachan pradhikaran (yooarhidieaee) aur dak vibhag ne 30 aprail 2010 ko apane pahale shamati patr par hashtakshar kie. yah samajhauta kolakata jipio par 'priant too posht' suvidha upalabhdh karata hai, jisake anhtargat nivasi ki soochanaoan ka sangrah karane vale yooaeedi adhar nanbar ki chhapaee hoti hai. b de netavark ke jarie desh mean praphtakarta ko shighrata se usaka adhar nanbar pahuancha diya jata hai. usake bad dak vibhag ke sath doosara samajhauta 18 sitambar 2010 ko hua jisake anhtargat dak vibhag, bharatiy vishishht pahachan pradhikaran (yooarhidieaee) ke lie rajistrar ke roop mean kam karane ke lie sahamat hua. yooarhidieaee dvara chuni gee namaankan ejeannsiyaan chinhit kie ge dak gharoan mean namaankan shteshan ka kary dekheangi. namaankan shteshan suvidha upalabhdh karane ke lie desh ke 3700 dak gharoan ko chayanit kiya gaya hai. yah shteshan sabhi nivasiyoan ka janasaankhkiy tatha bayomitrik aank dean ikaththa karane aur miyadi adhar par un aankadoan ko adyatan karane mean madad kareange.
dak khudara seva
bharatiy dak vibhag aur 'phaib indiya' ne upabhokhta ko labhanvit karane ke bhagidari ki hai, jo ki apani tarah ki pahali sarakari niji bhagidari hai. phaib indiya ke pramukh shtor par apana khudara kauantar kholane ke sath hi bharatiy dak vibhag ne upabhokhtaoan ko pareshani mukht khudara dak seva upalabhdh karane ka prashtav rakha hai, jisase desh hi nahian balki vidashoan mean bhejane ke lie bhi upabhokhta ko phaib indiya ke uthpad kharidakar unhhean paikiang se lekar dishpaich tak ki suvidha rahegi. upabhokhtaoan ko saman ki bukiang ke lie dilhli poshtal sarkil ke dak karmi phaib indiya ke kauantar par hi seva deange. dak vibhag dvara sabase pahale khudara seva 'javahar vhyapar bhavan k aautej eanporiyam', nee dilhli mean shuroo ki gee. phaib indiya ke sath shuroo ki gee yah seva ek tarah se usi ka vishtar hai. isase grahak ko sh aaupiang k aaumhpalekhs mean hi spid posht aur rajishtard parsal bukiang jaisi suvidhaean mil jati haian.thumb|left|dakaghar, sansad marg
viza sanbandhi sevaean
bharatiy dak ne dakagharoan ke madhhyam se vibhinhn deshoan ke lie viza sanbandhi sevaean pradan karane ke uddeshhy se 'maisars viephes ghlobal' ke sath ek sahamati-patr par hashtakshar kiya. 30 agast, 2011 ko hashtakshar kie ge sahamati-patr mean un shthanoan par viza sanbandhi sevaean pradan karane ke bare mean vhyapak samajh aur iradoan ka ulhlekh kiya gaya hai, jahaan philahal ye sevaean upalabhdh nahian haian. shulhk vasoolane, viza avedan prapatr upalabhdh karane, viza ke bare mean soochanaoan ka prasar karana, bayo-maitrik panjikaran karane aur viza ke lie avedan karane ki anhy prakriyaoan se sanbandhit sevaoan ke lie dakagharoan ke kauantaroan ka ishtemal kiya jaega. bharatiy dak aur viephes is disha mean prayathnashil haian ki bharatiy dak kooriyar seva, viephes karyalayoan aur sanbandhit dootavasoan tak pasaport pahuanchane ke lie spid post aur phir avedakoan tak unhhean vitarit karane mean sahayog kayam kiya ja sake. donoan paksh anhy kisi prakar ki seva pradan karane ki disha mean sanbhavanaoan ko bhi talasheange, jisase ki bharatiy dak parashpar manhy shartoan ke adhar par viephes ghlobal netavark ke madhhyam se sevaean pradan kar sakega.
koolaroan ki bikri
bharatiy dak ne tamilanadu mean rajhy ke sabhi dakagharoan ke madhhyam se tharmo-ilaiktrik koolar ‘chotookool’ ki bukiang ke lie 'maisars godarej eand boyes menhyuphaikchariang kanpani limited' ke sath samajhauta kiya hai. 12 agast, 2011 ko yah yojana shuroo ki gee thi. thumb|kashmiri get dakaghar
bharatiy dak ki sajhedari: 2012 aur usake bad
'bharatiy dak ki sajhedari: 2012 aur usake bad’ ke vishay par charcha ke lie hal mean sabhi hitadharakoan ka ek gol mej samhmelan ayojit kiya gaya tha. is samhmelan ke ayojan ka uddeshhy yah tha ki dakagharoan ko desh ke samajik aur arthik vikas mean apekshakrit ek b di aur prabhavakari bhoomika nibhane ke lie samarth banaya ja sake. isase dak vibhag ko bhavishhy ka vhyapar praroop vikasit karane aur bharatiy dak 2012 pariyojana ke praudyogikiy dhaanche ke sath jo dane mean madad milegi.
is golamej sammelan mean baiankiang, bima, doorasanchar, ephemasiji, soochana praudyogiki, ee-k aaumars, upashkar, prakashan, vithtiy sanshthaoan, sarakari mantralayoan aur vibhagoan, audyogik sanghoan, shaikshik kshetr adi ke pramukh hitadharakoan ke roop mean lagabhag 70 pratinidhiyoan ne bhag liya aur bharatiy dak 2012 pariyojana ko sakar karane ke bare mean aur bharatiy dak ke sath rananitik sanbandh jo dane ke bare mean vichar-vimarsh kiya. lagabhag 1.5 lakh dakagharoan ke netavark aur dak, upashkar, vitht, jama rashi, bima, bachat khata aur khudara karyoan sahit apani vishal aur vhyapak sevaoan ke sath arthik vikas mean tezilane ke sandarbh mean bharatiy dak athyadhik mahathvapoorn bhoomika nibha sakata hai.
‘pariyojana airo’ ke adhin dakagharoan ki rooparekha mean badalav karake, tin samarpit mal vahak viman liz par lekar, 162 dak vhyapar keandr shthapit karake aur dilli, kolakata, haidarabad, bangalaur, mean shvachalit dak prakriya pranali shthapit karane ke sath hi mumbee aur chennee sthit maujooda shvachalit dak prakriya keandroan ka unhnayan karake bharatiy dak chunautiyoan ko ek avasar ke roop mean badal kar janata ki shighr aur behatar seva ke prati dridhasankalhp hai.[6]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 31 march, 2011 tak
- ↑ hamara lakshy (hiandi) bharatiy dak (adhikarik vebasait). abhigaman tithi: 26 disambar, 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 bharatiy dak ke dedh sau sal poore (hiandi) bibisi hiandi. abhigaman tithi: 26 disambar, 2013.
- ↑ HINDI VIKAS (hiandi) googal grup. abhigaman tithi: 26 disambar, 2013.
- ↑ bharat ek jhalak (hiandi) bharatakosh. abhigaman tithi: 26 disambar, 2013.
- ↑ bharatiy dak aur usaki uthkrishht sevaean (hiandi) patr soochana karyalay. abhigaman tithi: 26 disambar, 2013.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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