भारत का संविधान- प्रकीर्ण

bhag 19: prakirn

361. rashtrapati aur rajyapaloan aur rajapramukhoan ka sanrakshan

(1) rashtrapati athava rajy ka rajyapal ya rajapramukh apane pad ki shaktiyoan ke prayog aur kartavyoan ke palan ke lie ya un shaktiyoan ka prayog aur kartavyoan ka palan karate hue apane dvara kie ge ya kie jane ke lie tatparyit kisi kary ke lie kisi nyayalay ko uttaradayi nahian hoga : parantu anuchchhed 61 ke adhin arop ke anveshan ke lie sansad ke kisi sadan dvara niyukt ya abhihit kisi nyayalay, adhikaran ya nikay dvara rashtrapati ke acharan ka punarvilokan kiya ja sakega :

parantu yah aur ki is khand ki kisi bat ka yah arth nahian lagaya jaega ki vah bharat sarakar ya kisi rajy ki sarakar ke viruddh samuchit karyavahiyaan chalane ke kisi vyakti ke adhikar ko nirbandhit karati hai.
(2) rashtrapati ya kisi rajy ke rajyapal ke viruddh usaki padavadhi ke dauran kisi nyayalay mean kisi bhi prakar ki daandik karravaee sansthit nahian ki jaegi ya chaloo nahian rakhi jaegi.
(3) rashtrapati ya kisi rajy ke rajyapal ki padavadhi ke dauran usaki giraphtari ya karavas ke lie kisi nyayalay se koee adeshika nikali nahian jaegi.
(4) rashtrapati ya kisi rajy ke rajyapal ke roop mean apana pad grahan karane se pahale ya usake pashchath‌‌, usake dvara apani vaiyaktik haisiyat mean kie ge ya kie jane ke lie tatparyit kisi kary ke sanbandh mean koee sivil karyavahiyaan, jinamean rashtrapati ya aise rajy ke rajyapal ke viruddh anutosh ka dava kiya jata hai, usaki padavadhi ke dauran kisi nyayalay mean tab tak sansthit nahian ki jaegi jab tak karyavahiyoan ki prakriti, unake lie vad hetuk, aisi karyavahiyoan ko sansthit karane vale pakshakar ka nam, varnan, nivas-sthan aur us anutosh ka jisaka vah dava karata hai, kathan karane vali likhit soochana, yathasthiti, rashtrapati ya rajyapal ko paridatt kie jane ya usake karyalay mean chho de jane ke pashchath‌ do mas ka samay samapt nahian ho gaya hai.

361k. sansadh aur rajyoan ke vidhan-mandaloan ki karyavahiyoan ke prakashan ka sanrakshan

(1) koee vyakti sansad ke kisi sadan ya, yathasthiti, kisi rajy ki vidhan sabha ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal ke kisi sadan ki kinhian karyavahiyoan ke saratah sahi vivaran ke kisi samacharapatr mean prakashan ke sanbandh mean kisi nyayalay mean kisi bhi prakar ki sivil ya daandik karravaee ka tab tak bhagi nahian hoga jab tak yah sabit nahian kar diya jata hai ki prakashan vidveshapoorvak kiya gaya hai : parantu is khand ki koee bat sansadh ke kisi sadan ya, yathasthiti, kisi rajy ki vidhan sabha ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal ke kisi sadan ki gupt baithak ki karyavahiyoan ke vivaran ke prakashan ko lagoo nahian hogi.
(2) khand (1) kisi prasaran keandr ke mapayam se upalabdh kisi karyakram ya seva ke bhagaroop betar tarayaantriki ke mapayam se prasarit riportoan ya samagri ke sanbandh mean usi prakar lagoo hoga jis prakar vah kisi samacharapatr mean prakashit riportoan ya samagri ke sanbandh mean lagoo hota hai.
spashtikaran -- is anuchchhed mean, samacharapatr ke aantargat samachar ejeansi ki aisi riport hai jisamean kisi samacharapatr mean prakashan ke lie samagri aantarvisht hai.]

361kh. labhaprad rajanitik pad par niyukti ke lie nirarhata

kisi rajanitik dal ka kisi sadan ka koee sadasy, jo dasavian anusoochi ke paira 2 ke adhin sadan ka sadasy hone ke lie nirarhit hai, apani nirarhata ki tarikh se praranbh hone vali aur us tarikh tak jisako aise sadasy ke roop mean usaki padavadhi samapt hogi ya us tarikh tak jisako vah kisi sadan ke lie koee nirvachan l data hai, aur nirvachit ghoshit kiya jata hai, inamean se jo bhi poorvatar ho, ki avadhi ke dauran, koee labhaprad rajanitik pad dharan karane ke lie bhi nirarhit hoga.

spashtikaran--is anuchchhed ke prayojanoan ke lie,--

(k) sadan pad ka vahi arth hai jo usaka dasavian anusoochi ke paira 1 ke khand (k) mean hai ;
(kh) labhaprad rajanitik pad abhivyakti se abhipret hai,--
(i) bharat sarakar ya kisi rajy sarakar ke adhin koee pad, jahaan aise pad ke lie vetan ya parishramik ka sanday, yathasthiti, bharat sarakar ya rajy sarakar ke lok rajasv se kiya jata hai ; ya
(ii) kisi nikay ke adhin, chahe nigamit ho ya nahian, jo bharat sarakar ya kisi rajy sarakar ke poornatah ya bhagatah svamitvadhin hai, koee pad aur aise pad ke lie vetan ya parishramik ka sanday aise nikay se kiya jata hai, sivay vahaan ke jahaan sandatt aisa vetan ya parishramik pratikaratmak svaroop ka hai.]

362. [deshi rajyoan ke shasakoan ke adhikar aur visheshadhikar. ]

sanvidhan (chhabbisavaan sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 1971 ki dhara 2 dvara nirasit.

363. kuchh sandhiyoan, kararoan adi se utpann vivadoan mean nyayalayoan ke hastakshep ka varjan

(1) is sanvidhan mean kisi bat ke hote hue bhi, kintu anuchchhed 143 ke upabandhoan ke adhin rahate hue, uchchatam nyayalay ya kisi any nyayalay ko kisi aisi sandhi, karar, prasanvida, vachanabandh, sanad ya vaisi hi any likhat ke kisi upabandh se, jo is sanvidhan ke praranbh se pahale kisi deshi rajy ke shasak dvara ki gee thi ya nishpadit ki gee thi aur jisamean bharat dominiyan ki sarakar ya usaki poorvavarti koee sarakar aur jisamean bharat dominiyan ki sarakar ya usaki poorvavarti koee sarakar ek pakshakar thi aur jo aise praranbh ke pashchath‌ pravartan mean hai ya pravartan mean bani rahi hai, utpann kisi vivad mean ya aisi sandhi, karar, prasanvida, vachanabandh, sanad ya vaisi hi any likhat se sanbandhit is sanvidhan ke kisi upabandh ke adhin prodbhoot kisi adhikar ya usase udh‌bhoot kisi dayitv ya bapayata ke sanbandh mean kisi vivad mean adhikarita nahian hogi.

(2) is anuchchhed mean--
(k) deshi rajy se aisa rajyakshetr abhipret hai jise hij majesti se ya bharat dominiyan ki sarakar se is sanvidhan ke praranbh se pahale aise rajy ke roop mean manyata prapt thi ; aur
(kh) shasak ke aantargat aisa raja, pramukh ya any vyakti hai jise hij majesti se ya bharat dominiyan ki sarakar se aise praranbh se pahale kisi deshi rajy ke shasak ke roop mean manyata prapt thi.

363k. deshi rajyoan ke shasakoan ko di gee manyata ki samapti aur niji thailiyoan ka aant

is sanvidhan ya tatsamay pravritt kisi vidhi mean kisi bat ke hote hue bhi--
(k) aisa raja, pramukh ya any vyakti, jise sanvidhan (chhabbisavaan sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 1971 ke praranbh se pahale kisi samay rashtrapati se kisi deshi rajy ke shasak ke roop mean manyata prapt thi, ya aisa vyakti, jise aise praranbh se pahale kisi samay rashtrapati se aise shasak ke uttaradhikari ke roop mean manyata prapt thi, aise praranbh ko aur se aise shasak ya aise shasak ke uttaradhikari ke roop mean manyata prapt nahian rah jaega ;
(kh) sanvidhan (chhabbisavaan sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 1971 ke praranbh ko aur se niji thaili ka aant kiya jata hai aur niji thaili ki babat sabhi adhikar, dayitv aur bapayataean nirvapit ki jati haian aur tadh‌nusar khand (k) mean nirdisht, yathasthiti, shasak ya aise shasak ke uttaradhikari ko ya any vyakti ko kisi rashi ka niji thaili ke roop mean sanday nahian kiya jaega.]

364. mahapattanoan aur vimanakshetroan ke bare mean vishesh upabandh

(1) is sanvidhan mean kisi bat ke hote hue bhi, rashtrapati lok adhisoochana dvara nidesh de sakega ki aisi tarikh se, jo us adhisoochana mean vinirdisht ki jae,--
(k) sansadh ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal dvara banaee gee koee vidhi kisi mahapattan ya vimanakshetr ko lagoo nahian hogi athava aise apavadoan ya upaantaranoan ke adhin rahate hue lagoo hogi jo us adhisoochana mean vinirdisht kie jaean ; ya
(kh) koee vidyaman vidhi kisi mahapattan ya vimanakshetr mean un batoan ke sivay prabhavi nahian rahegi jinhean ukt tarikh se pahale kiya gaya hai ya karane ka lop kiya gaya hai athava aise pattan ya vimanakshetr ko lagoo hone mean aise apavadoan ya upaantaranoan ke adhin rahate hue prabhavi hogi jo us adhisoochana mean vinirdisht kie jaean.
(2) is anuchchhed mean--
(k) mahapattan se aisa pattan abhipret hai jise sansadh dvara banaee gee kisi vidhi ya kisi vidyaman vidhi dvara ya usake adhin mahapattan ghoshit kiya gaya hai aur isake aantargat aise sabhi kshetr haian jo us samay aise pattan ki simaoan ke bhitar haian ;
(kh) vimanakshetr se vayu margoan, vayuyanoan aur viman chalan se sanbandhit adhiniyamitiyoan ke prayojanoan ke lie yatha paribhashit vimanakshetr abhipret hai.

365. sangh dvara die ge nideshoan ka anupalan karane mean ya unako prabhavi karane mean asaphalata ka prabhav

jahaan is sanvidhan ke kisi upabandh ke adhin sangh ki karyapalika shakti ka prayog karate hue die ge kinhian nideshoan ka anupalan karane mean ya unako prabhavi karane mean koee rajy asaphal rahata hai vahaan rashtrapati ke lie yah manana vidhipoorn hoga ki aisi sthiti utpann ho gee hai jisamean us rajy ka shasan is sanvidhan ke upabandhoan ke anusar nahian chalaya ja sakata hai.

366. paribhashaean

is sanvidhan mean, jab tak ki sandarbh se anyatha apekshit n ho, nimnalikhit padoan ke nimnalikhit arth haian, arthath‌ : --
(1) krishi-ay se bharatiy ay-kar se sanbandhit adhiniyamitiyoan ke prayojanoan ke lie yatha paribhashit krishi-ay abhipret hai ;
(2) aangl-bharatiy se aisa vyakti abhipret hai jisaka pita ya pitri-paranpara mean koee any purush janak yooropiy udbhav ka hai ya tha, kintu jo bharat ke rajyakshetr mean adhivasi hai aur jo aise rajyakshetr mean aise mata-pita se janma hai ya janma tha jo vahaan sadharanataya nivasi rahe haian aur keval asthayi prayojanoan ke lie vas nahian kar rahe haian ;
(3) anuchchhed se is sanvidhan ka anuchchhed abhipret hai ;
(4) udhar lena ke aantargat varshikiyaan dekar dhan lena hai aur udhar ka tadnusar arth lagaya jaega ;
(5) khand se us anuchchhed ka khand abhipret hai jisamean vah pad ata hai ;
(6) nigam kar se koee ay par kar abhipret hai, jahaan tak vah kar kanpaniyoan dvara sandey hai aur aisa kar hai jisake sanbandh mean nimnalikhit shartean poori hoti haian, arthath‌ :--
(k) vah krishi-ay ke sanbandh mean prabhary nahian hai ;
(kh) kanpaniyoan dvara sandatt kar ke sanbandh mean kanpaniyoan dvara vyashtiyoan ko sandey labhaanshoan mean se kisi katauti ka kiya jana us kar ko lagoo adhiniyamitiyoan dvara pradhikrit nahian hai ;
(g) aise labhaansh prapt karane vale vyashtiyoan ki kul ay ki bharatiy ay-kar ke prayojanoan ke lie ganana karane mean athava aise vyaktiyoan dvara sandey ya unako pratidey bharatiy ay-kar ki ganana karane mean, is prakar sandatt kar ko hisab mean lene ke lie koee upabandh vidyaman nahian hai ;-
(7) shanka ki dasha mean, tatsthani praant, tatsthani deshi rajy ya tatsthani rajy se aisa praant, deshi rajy ya rajy abhipret hai jise rashtrapati prashnagat kisi vishisht prayojan ke lie, yathasthiti, tatsthani praant, tatsthani deshi rajy ya tatsthani rajy avadharit kare ;-
(8) rrin ke aantargat varshikiyoan ke roop mean mooladhan ke pratisanday ki kisi bapayata ke sanbandh mean koee dayitv aur kisi pratyabhooti ke adhin koee dayitv hai aur rrinabhar ka tadnusar arth lagaya jaega ;-
(9) sanpada shulk se vah shulk abhipret hai jo aise niyamoan ke anusar jo sansad ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal dvara aise shulk ke sanbandh mean banaee gee vidhiyoan dvara ya unake adhin vihit kie jaean, mrityu par sankraant hone vali ya ukt vidhiyoan ke upabandhoan ke adhin is prakar sankraant huee samajhi gee sabhi sanpatti ke mool mooly par ya usake prati nirdesh se, nirdharit kiya jae ;-
(10) vidyaman vidhi se aisi vidhi, apayadesh, adesh, upavidhi, niyam ya viniyam abhipret hai jo is sanvidhan ke praranbh se pahale aisi vidhi, apayadesh, adesh, upavidhi, niyam ya viniyam banane ki shakti rakhऩe vale kisi vidhan-mandal, pradhikari ya vyakti dvara parit kiya gaya hai ya banaya gaya hai ;-
(11) phedaral nyayalay se bharat shasan adhiniyam, 1935 ke adhin gathit phedaral nyayalay abhipret hai ;-
(12) mal ke aantargat sabhi samagri, vanijya aur vastuean haian ;-
(13) pratyabhooti ke aantargat aisi badhyata hai jisaka, kisi upakram ke labhoan ke kisi vinirdisht rakam se kam hone ki dasha mean, sanday karane ka vachanabandh is sanvidhan ke praranbh se pahale kiya gaya hai ;-
(14) uchch nyayalay se aisa nyayalay abhipret hai jo is sanvidhan ke prayojanoan ke lie kisi rajy ke lie uchch nyayalay samajha jata hai aur isake aantargat---
(k) bharat ke rajyakshetr mean is sanvidhan ke adhin uchch nyayalay ke roop mean gathit ya punargathit koee nyayalay hai, aur-
(kh) bharat ke rajyakshetr mean sansadh dvara vidhi dvara is sanvidhan ke sabhi ya kinhian prayojanoan ke lie uchch nyayalay ke roop mean ghoshit koee any nyayalay hai ;-
(15) deshi rajy se aisa rajyakshetr abhipret hai jise bharat dominiyan ki sarakar se aise rajy ke roop mean manyata prapt thi ;-
(16) bhag se is sanvidhan ka bhag abhipret hai ;-
(17) peanshan se kisi vyakti ko ya usake sanbandh mean sandey kisi prakar ki peanshan abhipret hai chahe vah abhidayi hai ya nahian hai aur isake aantargat is prakar sandey sevanivritti vetan, is prakar sandey upadan aur kisi bhavishy nidhi ke abhidanoan ki, un par byaj ya unamean any parivardhan sahit ya usake bina, vapasi ke roop mean is prakar sandey koee rashi ya rashiyaan haian ;-
(18) apat ki udh‌ghoshana se anuchchhed 352 ke khand (1) ke adhin ki gee udh‌ghoshana abhipret hai ;-
(19) lok adhisoochana se, yathasthiti, bharat ke rajapatr mean ya kisi rajy ke rajapatr mean adhisoochana abhipret hai ;-
(20) rel ke aantargat---
(k) kisi nagarapalik kshetr mean poornataya sthit tram nahian hai, ya -
(kh) kisi rajy mean poornataya sthit sanchar ki aisi any lain nahian hai jisaki babat sansad ne vidhi dvara ghoshit kiya hai ki vah rel nahian hai ;]-
[(22) shasak se aisa raja, pramukh ya any vyakti abhipret hai jise sanvidhan (chhabbisavaan sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 1971 ke praranbh se pahale kisi samay, rashtrapati se kisi deshi rajy ke shasak ke roop mean manyata prapt thi ya aisa vyakti abhipret hai jise aise praranbh se pahale kisi samay, rashtrapati se aise shasak ke uttaradhikari ke roop mean manyata prapt thi ;]
(23) anusoochi se is sanvidhan ki anusoochi abhipret hai;
(24) anusoochit jatiyoan se aisi jatiyaan, moolavansh ya janajatiyaan athava aisi jatiyoan, moolavanshoan ya janajatiyoan ke bhag ya unamean ke yooth abhipret haian jinhean is sanvidhan ke prayojanoan ke lie anuchchhed 341 ke adhin anusoochit jatiyaan samajha jata hai ; <br / (25) anusoochit janajatiyoan se aisi janajatiyaan ya janajati samuday athava aisi janajatiyoan ya janajati samudayoan ke bhag ya unamean ke yooth abhipret haian jinhean is sanvidhan ke prayojanoan ke lie anuchchhed 342 ke adhin anusoochit janajatiyaan samajha jata hai ; <br / (26) pratibhootiyoan ke aantargat stak hai;
(27) upakhand se us khand ka upakhand abhipret hai jisamean vah pad ata hai ;
(28) karadhan ke aantargat kisi kar ya lag ka adhiropan hai chahe vah sadharan ya sthaniy ya vishesh hai aur kar ka tadnusar arth lagaya jaega ;
(29) ay par kar ke aantargat atilabh-kar ki prakriti ka kar hai ;
[(29k) mal ke kray ya vikray par kar ke aantargat--
(k) vah kar hai jo nakadi, asthagit sanday ya any moolyavan pratiphal ke lie kisi mal mean sanpatti ke aise aantaran par hai jo kisi sanvida ke anusaran mean n karake anyatha kiya gaya hai ;
(kh) vah kar hai jo mal mean sanpatti ke (chahe vah mal ke roop mean ho ya kisi any roop mean) aise aantaran par hai jo kisi sankarm sanvida ke nishpadan mean aantarvalit hai ;
(g) vah kar hai jo avakray ya kistoan mean sanday ki paddhati se mal ke paridan par hai ;
(gh) vah kar hai jo nakadi, asthagit sanday ya any moolyavan pratiphal ke lie kisi mal ka kisi prayojan ke lie upayog karane ke adhikar ke (chahe vah vinirdisht avadhi ke lie ho ya nahian) aantaran par hai ;
(n) vah kar hai jo nakadi, asthagit sanday ya any moolyavan pratiphal ke lie kisi mal ke praday par hai jo kisi anigamit sangam ya vyakti-nikay dvara apane kisi sadasy ko kiya gaya hai ;
(ch) vah kar hai, jo aise mal ke, jo khady ya manav upabhog ke lie koee any padarth ya koee pey hai
(chahe vah madak ho ya nahian) aise praday par hai, jo kisi seva ke roop mean ya seva ke bhag ke roop mean ya kisi bhi any riti se kiya gaya hai aur aisa praday ya seva nakadi, asthagit sanday ya any moolyavan pratiphal ke lie ki gee hai,
aur mal ke aise aantaran, paridan ya praday ke bare mean yah samajha jaega ki vah us vyakti dvara, jo aisa aantaran, paridan ya praday kar raha hai, us mal ka vikray hai, aur us vyakti dvara, jisako aisa aantaran, paridan ya praday kiya jata hai, us mal ka kray hai.
[(30) sangh rajyakshetr se pahali anusoochi mean vinirdisht koee sangh rajyakshetr abhipret hai aur isake aantargat aisa any rajyakshetr hai jo bharat ke rajyakshetr mean samavisht hai kiantu us anusoochi mean vinirdisht nahian hai.]

367. nirvachan

(1) jab tak ki sandarbh se anyatha apekshit n ho, is sanvidhan ke nirvachan ke lie sadharan khand adhiniyam, 1897, aise anukoolanoan aur upaantaranoan ke adhin rahate hue, jo anuchchhed 372 ke adhin usamean kie jaean, vaise hi lagoo hoga jaise vah bharat dominiyan ke vidhan-mandal ke kisi adhiniyam ke nirvachan ke lie lagoo hota hai.
(2) is sanvidhan mean sansad ke ya usake dvara banae ge adhiniyamoan ya vidhiyoan ke prati kisi nirdesh ka athava kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal ke ya usake dvara banae ge adhiniyamoan ya vidhiyoan ke prati kisi nirdesh ka yah arth lagaya jaega ki usake aantargat, yathasthiti, rashtrapati dvara nirmit adhh‍yadesh ya kisi rajyapal dvara nirmit adhyadesh ke prati nirdesh hai.
(3) is sanvidhan ke prayojanoan ke lie, videshi rajy se bharat se bhinn koee rajy abhipret hai : parantu sansad dvara banaee gee kisi vidhi ke upabandhoan ke adhin rahate hue, rashtrapati adesh dvara yah ghoshana kar sakega ki koee rajy un prayojanoan ke lie, jo us adesh mean vinirdisht kie jaean videshi rajy nahian haian.

bahari k diyaan

• bharat ka sanvidhan (adhikarik vebasait)