महात्मा गाँधी का परिचय
mahatma gaandhi ka parichay
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| poora nam | mohanadas karamachand gaandhi |
| any nam | bapoo, mahatma ji |
| janm | 2 aktoobar, 1869 |
| janm bhoomi | porabandar, gujarat |
| mrityu | 30 janavari, 1948 |
| mrityu sthan | nee dilli |
| mrityu karan | hatya |
| abhibhavak | karamachand gaandhi, putalibaee |
| pati/patni | kastooraba gaandhi |
| santan | harilal, manilal, ramadas, devadas |
| smarak | rajaghat (dilli), birala haus (dilli) adi. |
| parti | kaangres |
| shiksha | bairistar |
| vidyalay | banbee yoonivarsiti, samaladas k aaulej |
| sanbandhit lekh | gaandhi yug, asahayog aandolan, namak satyagrah, bharat chho do andolan, daandi march, vyaktigat satyagrah, savinay avajna andolan, khilafat andolan |
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mahatma gaandhi bharat evan bharatiy svatantrata aandolan ke ek pramukh rajanaitik evan adhyatmik neta the. ve satyagrah (vyapak savinay avajna) ke madhyam se atyachar ke pratikar ke agrani neta the, unaki is avadharana ki nianv sampoorn ahiansa ke siddhant par rakhi gayi thi, jisane bharat ko azadi dilakar poori duniya mean janata ko nagarik adhikaroan evan svatantrata ke prati andolan ke liye prerit kiya. unhean duniya mean am janata mahatma gaandhi ke nam se janati hai. sanskrit bhasha mean 'mahatma' athava 'mahan atma' ek samman soochak shabd hai. gaandhi ji ko mahatma ke nam se sabase pahale 1915 mean rajavaidy jivaram kalidas ne sanbodhit kiya tha. unhean 'bapoo' ke nam se bhi yad kiya jata hai.
janm tatha parivarik parichay
mahatma gaandhi ka janm 2 aktoobar, 1869 ee. ko gujarat ke porabandar namak sthan par hua tha. unake mata-pita kattar hindoo the. inake pita ka nam karamachand gaandhi tha. mohanadas ki mata ka nam putalibaee tha, jo karamachand gaandhi ji ki chauthi patni thian. mohanadas apane pita ki chauthi patni ki antim santan the. unake pita karamachand (kaba gaandhi) pahale british shasan ke tahat pashchimi bharat ke gujarat rajy mean ek chhoti-si riyasat ki rajadhani porabandar ke divan the aur bad mean kramashah rajakot (kathiyava d) aur vaankaner mean divan rahe. karamachand gaandhi ne bahut adhik aupacharik shiksha to prapt nahian ki thi, lekin vah ek kushal prashasak the aur unhean sanaki rajakumaroan, unaki duahkhi praja tatha sattasin kattar british rajanitik adhikariyoan ke bich apana rasta nikalana ata tha. thumb|200px|left|balyavastha, mahatma gaandhi gaandhi ji ki maan putalibaee atyadhik dharmik thian aur bhog-vilas mean unaki zyada ruchi nahian thi. unaki dinacharya ghar aur mandir mean banti huee thi. vah niyamit roop se upavas rakhati thian aur parivar mean kisi ke bimar p dane par usaki seva sushrusha mean din-rat ek kar deti thian. mohanadas ka lalan-palan vaishnav mat mean rame parivar mean hua aur un par kathin nitiyoan vale bharatiy dharm jain dharm ka gahara prabhav p da, jisake mukhy siddhaant, ahiansa evan vishv ki sabhi vastuoan ko shashvat manana hai. is prakar, unhoanne svabhavik roop se ahiansa, shakahar, atmashuddhi ke lie upavas aur vibhinn panthoan ko manane valoan ke bich paraspar sahishnuta ko apanaya.
bhaee-bahan
mahatma gaandhi, karamachand gaandhi ki chauthi patni putalibaee ki sabase chhoti santan the. karamachand gaandhi ki pahali patni se ek beti mooli ben huee, doosari patni se panakuanvar ben huee, tisari patni se koee santan nahian huee aur chauthi patni putalibaee se char bachche hue. sabase b de lakshmidas, phir raliyat ben, karasanadas aur sabase chhote mohanadas jinhean bharatavasi pyar se bapoo kahate haian.[1]
vivah
mohanadas karamachand jab keval terah varsh ke the aur skool mean padhate the, porabandar ke ek vyapari ki putri kastoorabaee (kastooraba) se unaka vivah kar diya gaya. var-vadhoo ki avastha lagabhag saman thi. donoan ne 62 varsh tak vaivahik jivan bitaya. 1944 ee. mean poona ki british jel mean kastooraba ka svargavas hua tha. gaandhi ji atharah varsh ki ayu mean hi ek putr ke pita ho gaye the. gaandhi ji ke char putr hue jinake nam the:- harilal, manilal, ramadas, devadas.
yuvavastha
mohanadas ek ausat vidyarthi the, halaanki unhoanne yada-kada puraskar aur chhatravrittiyaan bhi jitian. ek satraant-pariksha ke parinam mean - aangrezi mean achchha, aankaganit mean thik-thak bhoogol mean kharab, chal-chalan bahut achchha, likhavat kharab ki tippani ki gee thi. vah padhaee v khel, donoan mean hi prakhar nahian the. bimar pita ki seva karana, ghareloo kamoan mean maan ka hath bantana aur samay milane par door tak akele sair par nikalana, unhean pasand tha. unhian ke shabdoan mean unhoanne 'b doan ki ajna ka palan karana sikha, unamean minamekh nikalana nahian.' vah kishoravastha ke vidrohi daur se bhi guzare, jisamean gupt nastikavad, chhoti-moti choriyaan, chhipakar dhoomrapan aur vaishnav parivar mean janme kisi l dake ke lie sabase zyada chauankane vali bat - maans khana shamil tha. unaki kishoravastha unaki ayu aur varg ke adhikaansh bachchoan se adhik halachal bhari nahian thi. unaki yuvavastha ki nadaniyoan ka antim bindu asadharan tha. har aisi nadani ke bad vah svayan vada karate 'phir kabhi aisa nahian karooanga' aur apane vade par atal rahate. unamean atmasudhar ki lau jalati rahati thi, jisake karan unhoanne sachchaee aur balidan ke pratik prahlad aur harishchandr jaise pauranik hindoo nayakoan ko sajiv adarsh ke roop mean grahan kiya.
| left|30px|link=mahatma gaandhi|pichhe jaean | mahatma gaandhi ka parichay | right|30px|link=mahatma gaandhi ki shiksha|age jaean |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ mahatma gaandhi ke kitane bhaee-bahan (hindi) bbc.com. abhigaman tithi: 11 aktoobar, 2017.
bahari k diyaan
- mahatma gaandhi sakshatkar vidiyo
- mahatma gaandhi bhashan vidiyo
- dak tikatoan mean gaandhi
- dak-tikatoan par bhi chhaye gaandhi ji
- dak tikatoan mean mohan se mahatma tak ka saphar
- gaandhi darshan ki prasangikata - prophsar mahavir saran jain
sanbandhit lekh
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