मिश्रधातु
mishradhatu (aangrezi: ailuminiyam (Al)loys) dhatuoan v adhatuoan ya paraspar dhatuoan ko ek doosare se saral anupat mean milane par bane padarth ko kahate haian. ek mishradhatu dhatuoan ya kisi any tattv ka mishran hota hai. yah do ya do se adhik tatvoan ka thos mishran ho sakata hai, jisamean se kam se kam ek tattv mishran hona chahie. isake alava, drav avastha mean mishradhatu samaangi hote haian, lekin thos avastha mean ve samaangi ya vishamaangi donoan ho sakate haian.
bhautik gun
- mishradhatuoan ke bhautik gun unake ghatak dhatuoan ke gunoan se bhinn hote haian. jab para kisi dhatu se milakar mishradhatu banata hai to use amalagam kahate haian.
- mishradhatu mean kam se kam ek dhatvik tattv avashy hona chahiye.
- inaki kathorata ghatak dhatuoan se adhik hoti hai.
- mishradhatu mean tatvoan ke rasayanik gun barakarar rahate haian, lekin isake kuchh bhautik gunoan mean badalav kiya ja sakata hai.
vartaman samay mean sabase mahatvapoorn mishradhatu ispat (stil) hai. ispat mean kee upayogi gun pae jate haian, jaise- jang pratirodhakata, lachilapan evan kathorata adi.
mishradhatu tatha upayog
| kr.san. | mishradhatu | sanghatan | upayog |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | pital | tamr (Cu, 70 pratishat), jasta (Zn, 30 pratishat) | bartan banane mean |
| 2. | kaansa | tamr (Cu, 90 pratishat), tin (Sn, 10 pratishat) | sikke, ghanti aur bartan banane mean |
| 3. | jarman silvar | tamr (Cu, 60 pratishat), jasta (Zn, 20 pratishat), nikil (Ni, 20 pratishat) | bartan banane mean |
| 4. | rold gold | tamr (Cu, 90 pratishat), ailuminiyam (Al, 10 pratishat) | saste abhooshan banane mean |
| 5. | gan metal | tamr (Cu, 88 pratishat), tin (Sn, 10 pratishat), jasta (Zn, 1 pratishat), sisa (Pb, 1 pratishat) | bandook, bairal, giyar aur bayariang banane mean |
| 6. | delta metal | tamr (Cu, 60 pratishat), jasta (Zn, 38 pratishat), loha (Fe, 2 pratishat) | havaee jahaj ke daine (pankh) banane mean |
| 7. | muanj metal | tamr (Cu, 60 pratishat), jasta (Zn, 40 pratishat) | sikke banane mean |
| 8. | dach metal | tamr (Cu, 80 pratishat), jasta (Zn, 20 pratishat) | kritrim abhooshan banane mean |
| 9. | monal metal | tamr (Cu, 70 pratishat), nikil (Ni, 30 pratishat) | adhar vale kantenar banane ke lie |
| 10. | roj metal | bismath (Bi, 50 pratishat), sisa (Pb, 28 pratishat), tin (Sn, 22 pratishat) | svachalit phyooj banane mean |
| 11. | soldar | sisa (Pb, 50 pratishat), tin (Sn, 50 pratishat) | soldiang karane mean |
| 12. | maigneliyam | ailuminiyam (Al, 95 pratishat), maignishiyam (Mg, 5 pratishat) | havaee jahaj ki b aaudi banane mean |
| 13. | dyoorelumin | ailuminiyam (Al, 94 pratishat), tamr (Cu, 3 pratishat), maignishiyam (Mg, 2 pratishat), maianganij (Mn, 1 pratishat) | bartan banane mean |
| 14. | taip metal | tin (Sn, 5 pratishat), sisa (Pb, 80 pratishat), entimoni Sb (15 pratishat) | priantiang udyog mean |
| 15. | bel metal | tamr (Cu, 80 pratishat), tin (Sn, 20 pratishat) | ghanti aur moorti banane mean |
| 16. | stenales stil | loha (Fe, 75 pratishat), kromiyam Cr (15 pratishat), nikil (Ni, 9.5 pratishat), karban (C) (.05 pratishat) | bartan evan sarjikal aujar banane mean |
| 17. | nikel stil | loha (Fe, 95 pratishat), nikil (Ni, 5 pratishat) | bijali ke tar evan vahanoan ke purje banane mean |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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